scholarly journals Early Stages ofwe/we wal/walMouse Hair Morphogenesis: Light and Fluorescent Microscopy of the Whole-Mount Epidermis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Alexandra Rippa ◽  
Olga Leonova ◽  
Vladimir Popenko ◽  
Andrey Vasiliev ◽  
Vasily Terskikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Interfollicular Epidermis ◽  
Embryonic Morphogenesis ◽  
Hair Morphogenesis

In adult skin, hair follicles cyclically self-renew in a manner that recapitulates embryonic hair follicle morphogenesis. The most common pathology of hair in adults is alopecia, which is hair loss to different extent. There are a number of murine models of alopecia including spontaneous mutations. In the present study, we worked with double homozygouswe/we wal/walmice which demonstrate symptoms closely resembling human alopecia. Using whole-mount preparations of epidermis of E18.5 embryos we show that hair follicle defects can be revealed as early as during embryonic morphogenesis in these mutants. The number of hair follicles was reduced almost 1.5-fold in mutant skin. The shape of the early stage small follicles was altered in mutant animals as compared to control ones. Additionally, follicles of mutant embryos were wider at the point of conjunction with interfollicular epidermis. We believe that the mutant mice studied represent a fascinating model to address the problem of hair loss. We demonstrated alterations in the morphogenesis of embryonic hair follicle inwe/we wal/waldouble homozygous mice developing alopecia postnatally. We suppose that incorrect morphogenesis of hair follicles during embryogenesis is closely related to alopecia in the adult life. Unveiling the mechanisms involved in altered embryogenesis may elucidate the pathogenesis of alopecia.

scholarly journals The functions of ocu-miR-205 in regulating hair follicle development in Rex rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongyan Liu ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Hongli Liu ◽  
Yanli Zhu ◽  
Liya Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
Phosphorylation Level ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

Abstract Background: Hair follicles is an appendage from the vertebrate skin epithelium, and arise from the embryonic ectoderm andregenerate cyclically during adult life. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) is the key dermal component of the hair follicle that directly regulates hair follicle development, growth and regeneration. Recent studies have reported that miRNA plays an important role in regulating hair follicle morphogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of hair follicle stem cells. Results: The miRNAs expression profile of the DPCs from different hair density Rex rabbits shown that 240 differentially expressed of miRNAs were screened (log 2 (HD/LD)｜>1.00 and Q-value≤0.001). Among them, the expression of ocu-miR-205-5p in low hair densities DPCs was higher than that in high hair densities, and it is highly expressed in the skin tissue of Rex rabbits ( P <0.05). ocu-miR-205 could increase cell proliferation and cell apoptosis ratio, change cell cycle process ( P <0.05), affect the genes expression of PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways in DPCs and skin tissue of Rex rabbits, inhibit the protein phosphorylation level of CTNNB1, GSK-3β and the protein expression level of noggin (NOG), promote Akt phosphorylation level ( P <0.05). There was no significant change in primary follicle density ( P >0.05), but the secondary follicle density and total follicle density ( P <0.05) were changed after ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression, and secondary/primary ratio (S/P) in ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression group increased at 14 days after injection ( P <0.05). Conclusion: ocu-miR-205 could promote the apoptosis of DPCs, affect PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways genes and proteins expression in DPCs and skin of Rex rabbits, promote the transformation of hair follicles from growth phase to regression and resting phase, and affect hair density of Rex rabbits.

scholarly journals CCN2 modulates hair follicle cycling in mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 3939-3944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangxi Liu ◽  
Andrew Leask
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Dermal Papillae

It is critical to understand how stem cell activity is regulated during regeneration. Hair follicles constitute an important model for organ regeneration because, throughout adult life, they undergo cyclical regeneration. Hair follicle stem cells—epithelial cells located in the follicle bulge—are activated by periodic β-catenin activity, which is regulated not only by epithelial-derived Wnt, but also, through as-yet-undefined mechanisms, the surrounding dermal microenvironment. The matricellular protein connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) is secreted into the microenvironment and acts as a multifunctional signaling modifier. In adult skin, CCN2 is largely absent but is unexpectedly restricted to the dermal papillae and outer root sheath. Deletion of CCN2 in dermal papillae and the outer root sheath results in a shortened telogen-phase length and elevated number of hair follicles. Recombinant CCN2 causes decreased β-catenin stability in keratinocytes. In vivo, loss of CCN2 results in elevated numbers of K15-positive epidermal stem cells that possess elevated β-catenin levels and β-catenin–dependent reporter gene expression. These results indicate that CCN2 expression by dermal papillae cells is a physiologically relevant suppressor of hair follicle formation by destabilization of β-catenin and suggest that CCN2 normally acts to maintain stem cell quiescence.

scholarly journals The Pre-Natal Development of Skin and hair in Cattle (Bos Taurus L.)

1959 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Lyne ◽  
Margaret J Heideman
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Lateral Region ◽  
New Born ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Skin Samples

A histological study has been made of the development of the skin and hair follicles in 33 foetuses, ranging in age from 68 to 274 days, and seven new-born specimens, of various breeds of Bos taurus L. Skin samples were taken from the mid-lateral region of the trunk, and both serial sections and whole mount preparations have been examined. Extensive use has been made of' counts of the follicle and hair population as well as skin and hair follicle measurements which hitherto have apparently received little attention in studies of this type.

scholarly journals Skin-specific expression of a truncated E1a oncoprotein binding to p105-Rb leads to abnormal hair follicle maturation without increased epidermal proliferation.

1993 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1109-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Missero ◽  
C Serra ◽  
K Stenn ◽  
G P Dotto
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Adenovirus E1a ◽  
Keratin 5 ◽  
Interfollicular Epidermis

In cultured cells, mutants of the Adenovirus E1a oncoprotein which bind to a reduced set of cellular proteins, including p105-Rb, p107, and p60-cyclin A, are transformation defective but can still interfere with exogenous growth inhibitory and differentiating signals, such as those triggered by TGF-beta. We have tested the ability of one such mutant, NTdl646, to interfere with keratinocyte growth and differentiation in vivo, in the skin of transgenic mice. Keratinocyte-specific expression of the transgene was achieved by using a keratin 5 promoter. Two independent lines of transgenic mice were obtained which expressed E1a specifically in their skin and exhibited an aberrant hair coat phenotype with striking regional variations. Affected hair shafts were short and crooked and hair follicles exhibited a dystrophic or absent inner root sheath. Interfollicular epidermis was normal, but its hyperplastic response to acute treatment with TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) was significantly reduced. Primary keratinocytes derived from these animals were partially resistant to the effects of TPA and TGF-beta. The rate of spontaneous or chemically induced skin tumors in the transgenic mice was not increased. Thus, expression of a transgene which interferes with known negative growth regulatory proteins causes profound disturbances of keratinocyte maturation into a highly organized structure such as the hair follicle but does not lead to increased and/or neoplastic proliferation.

scholarly journals The functions of ocu-miR-205 in regulating hair follicle development of Rex rabbits

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongyan Liu ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Hongli Liu ◽  
Yanli Zhu ◽  
Liya Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
Phosphorylation Level ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

Abstract Background: Hair follicles is an appendage from the vertebrate skin epithelium, and arise from the embryonic ectoderm andregenerate cyclically during adult life. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) is the key dermal component of the hair follicle that directly regulates hair follicle development, growth and regeneration. Recent studies have reported that miRNA plays an important role in regulating hair follicle morphogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of hair follicle stem cells. Results: The miRNAs expression profile of the DPCs from different hair density Rex rabbits shown that 240 differentially expressed of miRNAs were screened (log 2 (HD/LD)｜>1.00 and Q-value≤0.001). Among them, the expression of ocu-miR-205-5p in low hair densities DPCs was higher than that in high hair densities, and it is highly expressed in the skin tissue of Rex rabbits ( P <0.05). ocu-miR-205 could increase cell proliferation and cell apoptosis ratio, change cell cycle process ( P <0.05), affect the genes expression of PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways in DPCs and skin tissue of Rex rabbits, inhibit the protein phosphorylation level of CTNNB1, GSK-3β and the protein expression level of noggin (NOG), promote Akt phosphorylation level ( P <0.05). There was no significant change in primary follicle density ( P >0.05), but the secondary follicle density and total follicle density ( P <0.05) were changed after ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression, and secondary/primary ratio (S/P) in ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression group increased at 14 days after injection ( P <0.05). Conclusion: ocu-miR-205 could promote the apoptosis of DPCs, affect PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways genes and proteins expression in DPCs and skin of Rex rabbits, promote the transformation of hair follicles from growth phase to regression and resting phase, and affect hair density of Rex rabbits.

scholarly journals Splenic melanosis during normal murine C57BL/6 hair cycle and after chemotherapy.

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Michalczyk-Wetula ◽  
Aleksander Salwiński ◽  
Małgorzata Popik ◽  
Monika Jakubowska ◽  
Przemysław M Płonka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Hair Cycle ◽  
Normal Hair ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

Cancer chemotherapy is associated with serious side effects, including temporary hair loss and impairment of pigmentation. We suspect that ectopic melanin deposition occurring due to chemotherapy may add to these effects worsening the already unpleasant symptoms. We associated the ectopic occurrence of follicular melanin after chemotherapy with splenic melanosis - an interesting example of extradermal melanin localization - and we expected an increase in splenic melanin deposition after chemotherapy. Using the C57BL/6 murine model of synchronized hair cycle induced by depilation, we visualized splenic melanin by means of several histological and histochemical protocols of staining: hematoxylin and eosin, May-Grünwald-Giemsa and Fontana-Masson. Unexpectedly, the splenic deposition of melanin decreased due to application of cyclophosphamide (i.p. 120 mg/ kg body weight on day 9 post depilation). The drop was abrupt and lasted for at least 5 days (day 13-18 post depilation), as compared with normal hair cycle. Moreover, in mice with normal, depilation-induced hair cycle we observed a similar drop shortly before entering catagen (day 15 post depilation), followed by a slow and partial increase in splenic melanization up to day 27 post depilation in both groups. We conclude that cyclophosphamide negatively affects splenic melanization and/or extradermal transfer of ectopic melanin from the dystrophic hair follicles, but the most powerful down-regulator of splenic melanosis is normal and dystrophic catagen - the phase of hair follicle involution and re-modelling.

scholarly journals The functions of ocu-miR-205 in regulating hair follicle development in Rex rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongyan Liu ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Hongli Liu ◽  
Yanli Zhu ◽  
Liya Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
Phosphorylation Level ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

Abstract Background: Hair follicles is an appendage from the vertebrate skin epithelium, and arise from the embryonic ectoderm andregenerate cyclically during adult life. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) is the key dermal component of the hair follicle that directly regulates hair follicle development, growth and regeneration. Recent studies have reported that miRNA plays an important role in regulating hair follicle morphogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of hair follicle stem cells. Results: The miRNAs expression profile of the DPCs from different hair density Rex rabbits shown that 240 differentially expressed of miRNAs were screened (log 2 (HD/LD)｜>1.00 and Q-value≤0.001). Among them, the expression of ocu-miR-205-5p in low hair densities DPCs was higher than that in high hair densities, and it is highly expressed in the skin tissue of Rex rabbits ( P <0.05). ocu-miR-205 could increase cell proliferation and cell apoptosis ratio, change cell cycle process ( P <0.05), affect the genes expression of PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways in DPCs and skin tissue of Rex rabbits, inhibit the protein phosphorylation level of CTNNB1, GSK-3β and the protein expression level of noggin (NOG), promote Akt phosphorylation level ( P <0.05). There was no significant change in primary follicle density ( P >0.05), but the secondary follicle density and total follicle density ( P <0.05) were changed after ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression, and secondary/primary ratio (S/P) in ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression group increased at 14 days after injection ( P <0.05). Conclusion: ocu-miR-205 could promote the apoptosis of DPCs, affect PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways genes and proteins expression in DPCs and skin of Rex rabbits, promote the transformation of hair follicles from growth phase to regression and resting phase, and affect hair density of Rex rabbits.

scholarly journals The functions of ocu-miR-205 in regulating hair follicle development in Rex rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongyan Liu ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Hongli Liu ◽  
Yanli Zhu ◽  
Liya Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
Phosphorylation Level ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

Abstract Background: Hair follicles is an appendage from the vertebrate skin epithelium, and arise from the embryonic ectoderm andregenerate cyclically during adult life. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) is the key dermal component of the hair follicle that directly regulates hair follicle development, growth and regeneration. Recent studies have reported that miRNA plays an important role in regulating hair follicle morphogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of hair follicle stem cells. Results: The miRNAs expression profile of the DPCs from different hair density Rex rabbits shown that 240 differentially expressed of miRNAs were screened (log 2 (HD/LD)｜>1.00 and Q-value≤0.001). Among them, the expression of ocu-miR-205-5p in low hair densities DPCs was higher than that in high hair densities, and it is highly expressed in the skin tissue of Rex rabbits ( P <0.05). ocu-miR-205 could increase cell proliferation and cell apoptosis ratio, change cell cycle process ( P <0.05), affect the genes expression of PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways in DPCs and skin tissue of Rex rabbits, inhibit the protein phosphorylation level of CTNNB1, GSK-3β and the protein expression level of noggin (NOG), promote Akt phosphorylation level ( P <0.05). There was no significant change in primary follicle density ( P >0.05), but the secondary follicle density and total follicle density ( P <0.05) were changed after ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression, and secondary/primary ratio (S/P) in ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression group increased at 14 days after injection ( P <0.05). Conclusion: ocu-miR-205 could promote the apoptosis of DPCs, affect PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways genes and proteins expression in DPCs and skin of Rex rabbits, promote the transformation of hair follicles from growth phase to regression and resting phase, and affect hair density of Rex rabbits.

scholarly journals The functions of ocu-miR-205 in regulating hair follicle development in Rex rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongyan Liu ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Hongli Liu ◽  
Yanli Zhu ◽  
Liya Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
Phosphorylation Level ◽  
Hair Follicle Development

Abstract Background: Hair follicles is an appendage from the vertebrate skin epithelium, and arise from the embryonic ectoderm andregenerate cyclically during adult life. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) is the key dermal component of the hair follicle that directly regulates hair follicle development, growth and regeneration. Recent studies have reported that miRNA plays an important role in regulating hair follicle morphogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of hair follicle stem cells. Results: The miRNAs expression profile of the DPCs from different hair density Rex rabbits shown that 240 differentially expressed of miRNAs were screened (log 2 (HD/LD)｜>1.00 and Q-value≤0.001). Among them, the expression of ocu-miR-205-5p in low hair densities DPCs was higher than that in high hair densities, and it is highly expressed in the skin tissue of Rex rabbits ( P <0.05). ocu-miR-205 could increase cell proliferation and cell apoptosis ratio, change cell cycle process ( P <0.05), affect the genes expression of PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways in DPCs and skin tissue of Rex rabbits, inhibit the protein phosphorylation level of CTNNB1, GSK-3β and the protein expression level of noggin (NOG), promote Akt phosphorylation level ( P <0.05). There was no significant change in primary follicle density ( P >0.05), but the secondary follicle density and total follicle density ( P <0.05) were changed after ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression, and secondary/primary ratio (S/P) in ocu-miR-205-5p interfered expression group increased at 14 days after injection ( P <0.05). Conclusion: ocu-miR-205 could promote the apoptosis of DPCs, affect PI3K/Akt, Wnt, Notch and BMP signaling pathways genes and proteins expression in DPCs and skin of Rex rabbits, promote the transformation of hair follicles from growth phase to regression and resting phase, and affect hair density of Rex rabbits.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Nutritional Plants Containing Flavonoids in Hair Follicle Disruption: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Bassino ◽  
Franco Gasparri ◽  
Luca Munaron
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
The Body ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Nutritional Compounds

Hair loss is a disorder in which the hair falls out from skin areas such as the scalp and the body. Several studies suggest the use of herbal medicine to treat related disorders, including alopecia. Dermal microcirculation is essential for hair maintenance, and an insufficient blood supply can lead to hair follicles (HF) diseases. This work aims to provide an insight into the ethnohistorical records of some nutritional compounds containing flavonoids for their potential beneficial features in repairing or recovering from hair follicle disruption. We started from a query for “alopecia” OR “hair loss” AND “Panax ginseng C.A. Mey.“ (or other six botanicals) terms included in Pubmed and Web of Sciences articles. The activities of seven common botanicals introduced with diet (Panax ginseng C.A. Mey., Malus pumila Mill cultivar Annurca, Coffea arabica, Allium sativum L., Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Rosmarinum officinalis L., Capsicum annum L.) are discussed, which are believed to reduce the rate of hair loss or stimulate new hair growth. In this review, we pay our attention on the molecular mechanisms underlying the bioactivity of the aforementioned nutritional compounds in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies. There is a need for systematic evaluation of the most commonly used plants to confirm their anti-hair loss power, identify possible mechanisms of action, and recommend their best adoption.

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