scholarly journals Hydrogen Peroxide Is Involved in Salicylic Acid-Elicited Rosmarinic Acid Production inSalvia miltiorrhizaCell Cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfang Hao ◽  
Hongbo Guo ◽  
Jingyi Zhang ◽  
Gege Hu ◽  
Yaqin Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Secondary Messenger ◽  
Pal Activity ◽  
The Relationship

Salicylic acid (SA) is an elicitor to induce the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plant cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays an important role as a key signaling molecule in response to various stimuli and is involved in the accumulation of secondary metabolites. However, the relationship between them is unclear and their synergetic functions on accumulation of secondary metabolites are unknown. In this paper, the roles of SA and H2O2in rosmarinic acid (RA) production inSalvia miltiorrhizacell cultures were investigated. The results showed that SA significantly enhanced H2O2production, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, and RA accumulation. Exogenous H2O2could also promote PAL activity and enhance RA production. If H2O2production was inhibited by NADPH oxidase inhibitor (IMD) or scavenged by quencher (DMTU), RA accumulation would be blocked. These results indicated that H2O2is secondary messenger for signal transduction, which can be induced by SA, significantly and promotes RA accumulation.

Calcium Mobilization in Salicylic Acid-Induced Salvia miltiorrhiza Cell Cultures and Its Effect on the Accumulation of Rosmarinic Acid

2015 ◽  
Vol 175 (5) ◽  
pp. 2689-2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Guo ◽  
Nan Zhu ◽  
Michael K. Deyholos ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Xiaoru Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Calcium Mobilization

Regulation of Anthocyanin Synthesis in Apple Skin. III. Involvement of Phenylalanine Ammonia-lyase

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Faragher ◽  
DJ Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Single Drop ◽  
Anthocyanin Formation ◽  
Pal Activity ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and anthocyanin synthesis in apple skin was investigated. Enzyme activity was induced by exposure to white light. After a lag phase of less than 10 h, PAL activity increased to a maximum at 30 h and then declined. Anthocyanin accumuIation, after a lag phase of 20 h, continued at a constant rate for a further 100 h. The increased rate of anthocyanin accumulation which resulted from u.v. light and cycloheximide treatment of whole fruit was preceded by comparable increases in the level of PAL activity. Wounding, which stimulated anthocyanin synthesis in skin discs, caused a far greater increase in PAL activity. In wounded tissue (skin discs) neither u.v. light or cycloheximide treatment caused any increase in anthocyanin accumulation or PAL activity. Cycloheximide inhibited anthocyanin formation in skin discs and, to a lesser extent, reduced PAL activity. When cycloheximide was applied as a single drop to a whole fruit, it inhibited anthocyanin formation but increased PAL activity in the skin to which it was applied. In a surrounding ring of skin, both anthocyanin level and PAL activity were increased. Without light, anthocyanin synthesis did not occur and there was virtually no PAL activity in whole fruit skin. However, in skin discs held in the dark, PAL activity developed to the same level as in illuminated discs, but no anthocyanin accumulated. The results indicate that, although the level of PAL activity may control the rate of anthocyanin synthesis in whole fruit, it is not the only critical enzyme regulating anthocyanin synthesis in apple skin. The mechanisms by which treatments may stimulate PAL activity and anthocyanin synthesis and the possible involvement of ethylene are discussed.

Salicylic acid-induced suppression of Meloidogyne incognita infestation of okra and cowpea

Nematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidyut Nandi ◽  
Santi Prasad Sinha Babu ◽  
Nirmalya Banerjee ◽  
Kabita Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Pal Activity ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Vitro Test

AbstractSalicylic acid (SA) applied as 10 mM foliar spray to okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) cv. Purbani Kranti and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cv. Pusa Ruby plants 24 h before inoculation of roots with Meloidogyne incognita juveniles, reduced infestation. Salicylic acid had no direct influence on plant growth and did not kill nematodes in an in vitro test. It induced increased accumulation of a 14 kDa pathogenesis-related protein (PR-1) in roots of both non-inoculated and inoculated salicylic acid-sprayed okra but not in the treated leaves. Salicylic acid sprays enhanced phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in roots of both non-inoculated and inoculated cowpea, estimated at 15 days after inoculation. Infected roots had higher PAL activity than roots of the corresponding non-inoculated treatments. Both PAL activity and SA-induced resistance gradually declined with plant age after treatment.

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