scholarly journals Utility-Oriented Placement of Actuator Nodes with a Collaborative Serving Scheme for Facilitated Business and Working Environments

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Un Lei ◽  
Woon Kian Chong ◽  
Ka Lok Man
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Integer Linear Programming ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Binary Integer Linear Programming ◽  
Deployment Cost

Places to be served by cyber-physical systems (CPS) are usually distributed unevenly over the area. Thus, different areas usually have different importance and values of serving. In other words, serving power can be excessive or insufficient in practice. Therefore, actuator nodes (ANs) in CPS should be focused on serving around points of interest (POIs) with considerations of “service utility.” In this paper, a utility-oriented AN placement framework with a collaborative serving scheme is proposed. Through spreading serving duties among correctly located ANs, deployment cost can be reduced, utility of ANs can be fully utilized, and the system longevity can be improved. The problem has been converted into a binary integer linear programming optimization problem. Service fading, 3D placements, multiscenario placements, and fault-tolerant placements have been modeled in the framework. An imitated example of a CPS deployment in a smart laboratory has been used for evaluations.

Safety-Critical, Dependable, and Fault-Tolerant Cyber-Physical Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-78
Author(s):  
Guru Prasad Bhandari ◽  
Ratneshwer Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
General Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Computer Based

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are co-engineered integrating with physical and computational components networks. Additionally, a CPS is a mechanism controlled or monitored by computer-based algorithms, tightly interacting with the internet and its users. This chapter presents the definitions relating to dependability, safety-critical and fault-tolerance of CPSs. These definitions are supplemented by other definitions like reliability, availability, safety, maintainability, integrity. Threats to dependability and security like faults, errors, failures are also discussed. Taxonomy of different faults and attacks in CPSs are also presented in this chapter. The main objective of this chapter is to give the general information about secure CPS to the learners for the further enhancement in the field of CPSs.

MSYNC: A Generalized Formal Design Pattern for Virtually Synchronous Multirate Cyber-physical Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5s) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Kyungmin Bae ◽  
Peter Csaba Ölveczky
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Control ◽  
Design Pattern ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Distributed Control System ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Formal Design ◽  
Special Case

TTA and PALS are two prominent formal design patterns—with different strengths and weaknesses—for virtually synchronous distributed cyber-physical systems (CPSs). They greatly simplify the design and verification of such systems by allowing us to design and verify their underlying synchronous designs. In this paper we introduce and verify MSYNC as a formal design (and verification) pattern/synchronizer for hierarchical multirate CPSs that generalizes, and combines the advantages of, both TTA and (single-rate and multirate) PALS. We also define an extension of TTA to multirate CPSs as a special case. We show that MSYNC outperforms both TTA and PALS in terms of allowing shorter periods, and illustrate the MSYNC design and verification approach with a case study on a fault-tolerant distributed control system for turning an airplane.

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