scholarly journals Error-Disturbance Uncertainty Relations in Neutron-Spin Measurements

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Sponar ◽  
Georg Sulyok ◽  
Jaqueline Erhart ◽  
Yuji Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Spin ◽  
Spin Component ◽  
Uncertainty Relations ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
Test Error ◽  
Optical Experiment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Spin Measurements

In his seminal paper, which was published in 1927, Heisenberg originally introduced a relation between the precision of a measurement and the disturbance it induces onto another measurement. Here, we report a neutron-optical experiment that records the error of a spin-component measurement as well as the disturbance caused on a measurement of another spin-component to test error-disturbance uncertainty relations (EDRs). We demonstrate that Heisenberg’s original EDR is violated and the Ozawa and Branciard EDRs are valid in a wide range of experimental parameters.

Error-disturbance uncertainty relations in neutron spin measurements

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1640016
Author(s):  
Stephan Sponar
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Neutron Spin ◽  
Reciprocal Relation ◽  
Spin Component ◽  
Uncertainty Relations ◽  
Position Measurement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Heisenberg Type ◽  
Spin Measurements ◽  
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle in a formulation of uncertainties, intrinsic to any quantum system, is rigorously proven and demonstrated in various quantum systems. Nevertheless, Heisenberg’s original formulation of the uncertainty principle was given in terms of a reciprocal relation between the error of a position measurement and the thereby induced disturbance on a subsequent momentum measurement. However, a naive generalization of a Heisenberg-type error-disturbance relation for arbitrary observables is not valid. An alternative universally valid relation was derived by Ozawa in 2003. Though universally valid, Ozawa’s relation is not optimal. Recently, Branciard has derived a tight error-disturbance uncertainty relation (EDUR), describing the optimal trade-off between error and disturbance under certain conditions. Here, we report a neutron-optical experiment that records the error of a spin-component measurement, as well as the disturbance caused on another spin-component to test EDURs. We demonstrate that Heisenberg’s original EDUR is violated, and Ozawa’s and Branciard’s EDURs are valid in a wide range of experimental parameters, as well as the tightness of Branciard’s relation.

scholarly journals NEAR FUTURE PROSPECTS OF QCD SPIN STUDIES

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (15) ◽  
pp. 2505-2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. NADOLSKY ◽  
S.M. TROSHIN ◽  
N.E. TYURIN
Keyword(s):  
Present Status ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spin Measurements ◽  
Near Future

We consider the physics motivations and prospects for the study of spin phenomena at future high energy accelerators. The possibilities of using the already operating machines are also discussed. It is emphasized that the present status of QCD spin studies requires a wide range of spin measurements.

EELS of Niobium and Stoichiometric Niobium-Oxide Phases—Part I: Plasmon and Near-Edges Fine Structure

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bach ◽  
Reinhard Schneider ◽  
Dagmar Gerthsen ◽  
Jo Verbeeck ◽  
Wilfried Sigle
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Primary Electron ◽  
White Line ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Oxide Phases ◽  
Energy Convergence ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

AbstractA comprehensive electron energy-loss spectroscopy study of niobium (Nb) and stable Nb-oxide phases (NbO, NbO2, Nb2O5) was carried out. In this work (Part I), the plasmons and energy-loss near-edge structures (ELNES) of all relevant Nb edges (Nb-N2,3, Nb-M4,5, Nb-M2,3, Nb-M1, and Nb-L2,3) up to energy losses of about 2600 eV and the O-K edge are analyzed with respect to achieving characteristic fingerprints of Nb in different formal oxidation states (0 for metallic Nb, +2 for NbO, +4 for NbO2, and +5 for Nb2O5). Chemical shifts of the Nb-N2,3, Nb-M4,5, Nb-M2,3, and Nb-L2,3 edges are extracted from the spectra that amount to about 4 eV as the oxidation state increases from 0 for Nb to +5 for Nb2O5. Four different microscopes, including a 200 keV ZEISS Libra with monochromator, were used. The corresponding wide range of experimental parameters with respect to the primary electron energy, convergence, and collection semi-angles as well as energy resolution allows an assessment of the influence of the experimental setup on the ELNES of the different edges. Finally, the intensity of the Nb-L2,3 white-line edges is correlated with niobium 4d-state occupancy in the different reference materials.

scholarly journals Violation of Heisenberg's error-disturbance uncertainty relation in neutron-spin measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Sulyok ◽  
Stephan Sponar ◽  
Jacqueline Erhart ◽  
Gerald Badurek ◽  
Masanao Ozawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Neutron Spin ◽  
Spin Measurements

Efficient Super-Smooth Finishing Characteristics of SiC Materials through the Use of Fine-Grinding

2009 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kasuga ◽  
Hitoshi Ohmori ◽  
Wei Min Lin ◽  
Y. Watanabe ◽  
T. Mishima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Surface Analysis ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grinding ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Parameters

Silicon carbide (SiC) materials have increasingly been needed in the wide range of industries, such as for structural components, automobile parts, space telescope, X-ray mirror, and next-generation semiconductors. However, SiC materials have difficulties in super-smooth finishing because of their hard and brittle characteristics. The authors have been investigating appropriate conditions on their finishing by fine-grinding with the unique grinding process called ELID (Electrolytic In-process Dressing) grinding method. The ELID grinding method has a stable grinding ability, so very detailed characteristics of their material-remove mechanisms were to be investigated. Surface analysis of each material has been discussed through the ELID, and this study proposes good finishing conditions for SiC. In this paper, the advantages of the applied fine-grinding are shown, and unique features on grinding characteristics of SiC through various grinding experimental parameters are described.

Diffusion Limited Wetting

1996 ◽  
Vol 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Steiner ◽  
J. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Polymer Mixture ◽  
Wetting Layer ◽  
Liquid Polymer ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Diffusion Limited ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Interfacial Potential

ABSTRACTWe have measured the growth with time t of a wetting layer (of thickness l(t)) at the surface of a thin film of a binary liquid (polymer) mixture. Over a wide range of experimental parameters, our data is well described by a model of diffusion limited wetting which takes into account the finite film thickness. In this model, l(t) is a function of time which sensitively depends on the nature of the interfacial potential: a detailed comparison shows that long range van-der-Waals forces provide the main driving force for the build-up of the wetting layer.

Heat Transfer to a Ducted, Semiconfined Impinging Synthetic Air Jet

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Rylatt ◽  
Tadhg S. O’Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Cooling Performance ◽  
Air Jets ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Impingement Surface

Heat transfer to confined impinging synthetic air jets is investigated experimentally. The influence of ducting on the cooling performance of synthetic air jets is of particular interest. Heat transfer to the jets is reported for a wide range of experimental parameters including nozzle to impingement surface spacings (0.5 to 5 jet diameters), Reynolds numbers (2000, 3000 and 4000) and non-dimensional Stroke lengths, L0/D (10 15 and 20 respectively). A range of ducting outlet sizes were also investigated (1, 1.2, 1.4 jet diameters). It has been found that ducting can have the effect of reducing the turbulent mixing of the flow but overall enhances the rate of heat transfer to the jet at low H/D < 2. The largest ducting outlet of 1.4 jet diameters has also been shown to outperform the others across the whole range of variables tested.

On the competition between centrifugal and shear instability in spiral Couette flow

2000 ◽  
Vol 402 ◽  
pp. 33-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MESEGUER ◽  
F. MARQUES
Keyword(s):  
Couette Flow ◽  
Shear Instability ◽  
Critical Surface ◽  
Neutral Stability ◽  
Zeroth Order ◽  
Coaxial Cylinders ◽  
Centrifugal Instability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Good Agreement

The linear stability of a fluid confined between two coaxial cylinders rotating independently and with axial sliding (spiral Couette flow) is examined. A wide range of experimental parameters has been explored, including two different radius ratios. Zeroth-order discontinuities are found in the critical surface; they are explained as a result of the competition between the centrifugal and shear instability mechanisms, which appears only in the co-rotating case, close to the rigid-body rotation region. In the counter-rotating case, the centrifugal instability is dominant. Due to the competition, the neutral stability curves develop islands of instability, which considerably lower the instability threshold. Specific and robust numerical methods to handle these geometrical complexities are developed. The results are in very good agreement with the experimental data available, and with previous computations.

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