scholarly journals The Impacts of Swimming Exercise on Hippocampal Expression of Neurotrophic Factors in Rats Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Jiang ◽  
Rui-Li Dang ◽  
Huan-De Li ◽  
Li-Hong Zhang ◽  
Wen-Ye Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Swimming Exercise ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Major Function ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

Depression is associated with stress-induced neural atrophy in limbic brain regions, whereas exercise has antidepressant effects as well as increasing hippocampal synaptic plasticity by strengthening neurogenesis, metabolism, and vascular function. A key mechanism mediating these broad benefits of exercise on the brain is induction of neurotrophic factors, which instruct downstream structural and functional changes. To systematically evaluate the potential neurotrophic factors that were involved in the antidepressive effects of exercise, in this study, we assessed the effects of swimming exercise on hippocampal mRNA expression of several classes of the growth factors (BDNF, GDNF, NGF, NT-3, FGF2, VEGF, and IGF-1) and peptides (VGF and NPY) in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Our study demonstrated that the swimming training paradigm significantly induced the expression of BDNF and BDNF-regulated peptides (VGF and NPY) and restored their stress-induced downregulation. Additionally, the exercise protocol also increased the antiapoptotic Bcl-xl expression and normalized the CUMS mediated induction of proapoptotic Bax mRNA level. Overall, our data suggest that swimming exercise has antidepressant effects, increasing the resistance to the neural damage caused by CUMS, and both BDNF and its downstream neurotrophic peptides may exert a major function in the exercise related adaptive processes to CUMS.

scholarly journals Antidepressant Effects of Rhodomyrtone in Mice with Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Chai ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Haoqiang Zhan ◽  
Xueqian Li ◽  
Zhipeng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

scholarly journals Asparagus cochinchinensis extract ameliorates menopausal depression in ovariectomized rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Ryeong Kim ◽  
Young-Ju Lee ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Ri-Na Lim ◽  
Dae Youn Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Antidepressant Imipramine ◽  
Asparagus Cochinchinensis ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Menopausal Depression

Abstract Background Depression is a serious and common psychiatric disorder generally affecting more women than men. A woman’s risk of developing depression increases steadily with age, and higher incidence is associated with the onset of menopause. Here we evaluated the antidepressant properties of Asparagus cochinchinensis (AC) extract and investigated its underlying mechanisms in a rat menopausal depression model. Methods To model this menopausal depression, we induced a menopause-like state in rats via ovariectomy and exposed them to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6 weeks, which promotes the development of depression-like symptoms. During the final 4 weeks of CUMS, rats were treated with either AC extract (1000 or 2000 mg/kg, PO), which has been reported to provide antidepressant effects, or with the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (10 mg/kg, IP). Results We report that CUMS promotes depression-like behavior and significantly increases serum corticosterone and inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. We also found that CUMS decreases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its primary receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), in OVX rats, and treatment with AC extract rescues both BDNF and TrkB expression levels. Conclusion These results suggest that AC extract exerts antidepressant effects, possibly via modulation of the BDNF-TrkB pathway, in a rat model of menopausal depression.

scholarly journals Effect of Electroacupuncture on Reuptake of Serotonin via miRNA-16 Expression in a Rat Model of Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Huiling Tian ◽  
Hongtao Song ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Tong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Exploratory Behavior ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

The current study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment applied to Bai hui (GV20) and Yin tang (GV29) acupoints (1 mA, 2 Hz, continuous wave, 20 minutes) for 28 days in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on reuptake of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) and miRNA-16 levels in the hippocampus and serum. Rats were housed in individual cages, and CUMS was used to establish a rat model of depression. After EA treatment for 4 weeks, behavioral changes and indices including 5-HT transporter (SERT), 5-HT, and miRNA-16 levels in the hippocampus and serum were examined. The EA treatment significantly improved base levels of sucrose preference and exploratory behavior and significantly decreased SERT protein and mRNA expression in the hippocampus of depressed rats. Significantly increased 5-HT levels were observed, and miRNA-16 levels were significantly decreased in the hippocampus and serum of depressed rats. In conclusion, the antidepressant effects of EA treatment may be affected via inhibition of 5-HT reuptake, upregulation of 5-HT levels, and inhibition of miRNA-16 expression in the hippocampus and serum.

scholarly journals Ketamine Induces Lasting Antidepressant Effects by Modulating the NMDAR/CaMKII-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity of the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus in Depressive Stroke Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Idriss Ali Abdoulaye ◽  
Shan-shan Wu ◽  
Enkhmurun Chibaatar ◽  
Da-fan Yu ◽  
Kai Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Poststroke Depression ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

Background. Ketamine has been shown to possess lasting antidepressant properties. However, studies of the mechanisms involved in its effects on poststroke depression are nonexistent. Methods. To investigate these mechanisms, Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a single local dose of ketamine after middle cerebral artery occlusion and chronic unpredicted mild stress. The effects on the hippocampal dentate gyrus were analyzed through assessment of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor/calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (NMDAR/CaMKII) pathway, synaptic plasticity, and behavioral tests. Results. Ketamine administration rapidly exerted significant and lasting improvements of depressive symptoms. The biochemical analysis showed rapid, selective upregulation and downregulation of the NMDAR2-β and NMDAR2-α subtypes as well as their downstream signaling proteins β-CaMKII and α-phosphorylation in the dentate gyrus, respectively. Furthermore, the colocalization analysis indicated a significant and selectively increased conjunction of β-CaMKII and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) coupled with a notable decrease in NMDAR2-β association with PSD95 after ketamine treatment. These changes translated into significant and extended synaptic plasticity in the dentate gyrus. Conclusions. These findings not only suggest that ketamine represents a viable candidate for the treatment of poststroke depression but also that ketamine’s lasting antidepressant effects might be achieved through modulation of NMDAR/CaMKII-induced synaptic plasticity in key brain regions.

The antidepressant effects of hesperidin on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 853 ◽  
pp. 236-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Fu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Yue Tong ◽  
Yuanjie Li ◽  
Xia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

scholarly journals Jiaotai Wan exerts antidepressant effects through regulating gut microbiota in rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueer Wang ◽  
Zhu Li ◽  
Man Feng ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Tongyao Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Open Field ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

Abstract This study used 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to determine the effects of Jiaotai Wan on gut microflora of rats experiencing chronic unpredictable mild stress. We randomly divided 135 healthy male rats into nine groups. All groups except the control received chronic unpredictable mild stress. Rats were weighed before being subjected to sucrose preference and open field tests. Rat fecal samples were used for 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing; the results allowed us to determine gut microfloral structure and changes. The stress treatment decreased body weight, sucrose preference, and performance in open field tests from control levels. Beta diversity of gut microflora differed across rat groups. Jiaotai Wan increased Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia abundance, while decreasing Ruminococcaceae abundance. Therefore, Jiaotai Wan may exert antidepressant effects through regulating microbial abundance in the gut.

scholarly journals Xiaoyaosan Exerts Antidepressant Effect by Downregulating RAGE Expression in Cingulate Gyrus of Depressive-Like Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixin Yan ◽  
Zhaoyang Dong ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Ting Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Fluoxetine Hydrochloride ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Rage Expression

Xiaoyaosan (XYS), as a classic Chinese medicine compound, has been proven to have antidepressant effect in many studies, but its mechanism has not been clarified. In our previous studies, we found that chronic stress can induce depressive-like behavior and lead to emotion-related cingulate gyrus (Cg) dysfunction, as well as the decrease of neurotrophic factors and the increase of inflammatory-related proteins. Therefore, we speculated that XYS may play an antidepressant role by regulating the inflammation-related receptor of advanced glycation protein end product (RAGE) to affect the functional connectivity (FC) signal of the Cg and improve the depressive-like behavior. In order to verify this hypothesis, we analyzed the FC and RAGE expression in the Cg of depressive-like mice induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and verified it with RAGE knockout mice. At the same time, we detected the effect of XYS on the depressive-like behavior, expression of RAGE, and the FC of the Cg of mice. The results showed that the FC of the Cg of depressive-like mice induced by CUMS was weakened, and the expression of RAGE was upregulated. The antidepressant effect of XYS is similar to that of fluoxetine hydrochloride, which can significantly reduce the depressive-like behavior of mice and inhibit the expression of the RAGE protein and mRNA in the Cg, and increase the FC of the Cg in mice. In conclusion, XYS may play an antidepressant role by downregulating the expression of RAGE in the Cg of depressive-like mice induced by CUMS, thereby affecting the functional signal and improving the depressive-like behavior.

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