scholarly journals Analysis of FlavoneC-Glycosides in the Leaves ofClinacanthus nutans(Burm. f.) Lindau by HPTLC and HPLC-UV/DAD

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Lee Chelyn ◽  
Maizatul Hasyima Omar ◽  
Nor Syaidatul Akmal Mohd Yousof ◽  
Ramesh Ranggasamy ◽  
Mohd Isa Wasiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Clinacanthus Nutans ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tlc Separation

Clinacanthus nutans(family Acanthaceae) has been used for the treatment of inflammation and herpes viral infection. Currently, there has not been any report on the qualitative and quantitative determination of the chemical markers in the leaves ofC. nutans. TheC-glycosidic flavones such as shaftoside, isoorientin, orientin, isovitexin, and vitexin have been found to be major flavonoids in the leaves of this plant. Therefore, we had developed a two-step method using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the rapid identification and quantification of the flavonesC-glycosides inC. nutansleaves. The TLC separation of the chemical markers was achieved on silica gel 60 plate using ethyl acetate : formic acid : acetic acid : water (100 : 11 : 11 : 27 v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. HPLC method was optimized and validated for the quantification of shaftoside, orientin, isovitexin, and vitexin and was shown to be linear in concentration range tested (0.4–200 μg/mL,r2≥ 0.996), precise (RSD ≤ 4.54%), and accurate (95–105%). The concentration of shaftoside, orientin, vitexin, and isovitexin inC. nutansleave samples was 2.55–17.43, 0.00–0.86, 0.00–2.01, and 0.00–0.91 mmol/g, respectively.

Comparison of Different Methods for the Determination of Phenylalanine Hydroxylase Activity in Rat Liver and Euglena gracilis

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita M. Fink ◽  
Erich F. Elstner
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Euglena Gracilis ◽  
Phenylalanine Hydroxylase ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Product Separation ◽  
Tyrosine Concentration ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Three different methods for the determination of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity have been compared: a) Differential photometric assay of the increase in tyrosine concentration in the presence of phenylalanine; b) Product separation by thin layer chromatography and scintillation counting of the [14C]tyrosine formed;c) HPLC separation and spectrofluorometric quantification of derivatized amino acids. A comparison of the activities of phenylalanine hydroxylase in rat liver and Euglena gracilis clearly showed that only rat liver contains this enzymic activity as shown by methods b) and c) although pseudo-activity of Euglena gracilis preparations was found during the spectrophotometric test a). The HPLC method proved to be the fastest, most reliable and convenient method for direct tyrosine determination and thus for measuring phenylalanine hydroxylase activity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis of Podospermum and Scorzonera n-Hexane Extracts and the HPLC Quantitation of Triterpenes

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Bahadır-Acıkara ◽  
Serkan Özbilgin ◽  
Gülcin Saltan-İşcan ◽  
Stefano Dall’Acqua ◽  
Veronika Rjašková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hplc Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Lupeol Acetate ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Previously tested n-hexane extracts of the Scorzonera latifolia showed promising bioactivity in vivo. Because triterpenes could account for this activity, n-hexane extracts were analyzed by HPLC to identify and quantify the triterpenes as the most abundant constituents. Other Scorzonera and Podospermum species, potentially containing triterpenic aglycones, were included in the study. An HPLC method for simultaneous determination of triterpene aglycones was therefore developed for analysis of Podospermum and Scorzonera species. n-Hexane extracts of root and aerial parts of S. latifolia, ten other Scorzonera species and two Podospermum species were studied to compare the content of triterpenes. HPLC was used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of α-amyrin, lupeol, lupeol acetate, taraxasteryl acetate, 3-β-hydroxy-fern-7-en-6-one acetate, urs-12-en-11-one-3-acetyl, 3-β-hydroxy-fern-8-en-7-one acetate, and olean-12-en-11-one-3-acetyl. Limits of detection and quantification were determined for each compound. HPLC fingerprinting of n-hexane extracts of Podospermum and Scorzonera species revealed relatively large amounts of triterpenes in a majority of investigated taxa. Lupeol, lupeol acetate, and taraxasteryl acetate were found in a majority of the species, except S. acuminata. The presence of α-amyrin, 3β-hydroxy-fern-7-en-6-one-acetate, urs-12-en-11-one-3-acetyl, 3β-hydroxy-fern-8-en-7-one-acetate, and olean-12-en-11-one-3-acetyl was detected in varying amounts. The triterpene content could correlate with the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Scorzonera, which was previously observed and Scorzonera species that have been determined to contain triterpenes in large amounts and have not yet been tested for their analgesic activity should be tested for their potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential. The presented HPLC method can be used for analysis of triterpene aglycones, for example dedicated to chemosystematic studies of the Scorzonerinae.

scholarly journals Identification and Quantitation of Polymyxin B, Framycetin, and Dexamethasone in an Ointment by Using Thin-Layer Chromatography with Densitometry

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 1549-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Krzek ◽  
Anna Maślanka ◽  
Pawel Lipner
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Mobile Phases ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Dexamethasone Acetate ◽  
Similar Accuracy ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract A new thin-layer chromatographic-densitometric method has been developed for rapid identification and quantitative determination of polymyxin B, framycetin, and dexamethasone in a dental ointment. Silica gel 60 and F254 silica gel 60 plates were used for separating antibiotics and dexamethasone acetate, respectively. When determining framycetin and polymyxin B, chromatograms were developed by using 2 mobile phases, namely methanol and methanol–n-butanol–ammonia (25%)–chloroform (14 + 4 + 9 + 12, v/v/v/v/). The densitometric measurements were made at 550 nm after detection with 0.3% ninhydrin solution. Dexamethasone was determined by using the mobile phase cyclohexane–ethyl acetate (2 + 3, v/v) and ultraviolet densitometric recording at 245 nm. The results obtained for individual constituents with the chromatographic-densitometric method demonstrate similar accuracy, relative standard deviation values from 1.49 to 2.47%, and relative error values from 0.02 to 0.81% and are comparable to those obtained with the reference methods.

scholarly journals Determination of flavones in species of Thymus L. (Lamiaceae) from Macedonian flora

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kulevanova ◽  
Marina Stefova ◽  
Tatjana Kadifkova Panovska ◽  
Jasmina Tonic ◽  
Trajce Stafilov
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Column Temperature ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Assay of flavonoids in extracts of seven Thymus L. (Lamiaceae) species from Macedonia including identification and quantification was performed. Extracts obtained after hydrolysis of air dried samples (A1) were analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Luteolin and apigenin were identified in comparison to authentic standard substances. The content of total flavonoids in plant samples determined by UV-Vis spectrometry (with AlCl3) ranged from 0.05-0.13 %. Two other extracts were prepared by extraction with a mixture of ethanol:water (7:3, V/V), evaporation until only water remained and extraction first with diethylether (A2) and secondly with ethyl acetate (A3). The content of flavonoids in diethyl-ether and ethyl acetate extracts ranged from 52.5-244.4 mg·ml-1 and 48.7 -117.5 mg·ml-1, respectively. For quantification of luteolin and total flavonoids the HPLC method was applied, using reverse phase column C18, mobile phase consisting of 5% acetic acid and methanol in gradient elution mode and column temperature set to 40 o C. The content of luteolin in the plant samples ranged from 0.23-0.48 % (m/m), while the content of total flavonoids was found to be 0.26-0.52 %.

Urinary Homogentisic Acid: Determination by Thin-Layer Chromatography

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome M Feldman ◽  
June Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Homogentisic Acid ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Phenol Reagent ◽  
Acid Determination

Abstract A new method is described for qualitative and quantitative determination of urinary homogentisic acid. The method involves extraction of urine with ethyl acetate, thin-layer chromatography of the extract on Silica Gel G, elution of the homogentisic acid into water, and color development with Folin’s phenol reagent. Absorbance is maximum at 750 nm and linear to a concentration of at least 5 mg of homogentisic acid per milliliter of urine. The method is highly specific for homogentisic acid; added gentisic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, ascorbic acid, or L-3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine do not interfere. The coefficient of variation "in-run" is 5.3%, "between-run" 6.8%. Using this method we have demonstrated a marked variation in day-to-day homogentisic acid excretion in a patient with alcaptonuria. This method, which offers some advantages over existing techniques, should be suitable for use in a clinical laboratory.

Determination of Benzoates and Hydroxybenzoates in Foods

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore J Pinella ◽  
Anthony D Falco ◽  
George Schwartzman
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Recording Spectrophotometer ◽  
Chromatographic Plate ◽  
Steam Distillation Extraction ◽  
Tlc Separation

Abstract A method has been devised for the qualitative and quantitative determination of benzoates and hydroxybenzoates in foods. The qualitative procedure is based on the TLC separation of benzoic acid, the hydroxybenzoates, and sorbic acid, using kieselguhr G-silica gel GF 254 as the absorbent and hexane:acetic acid as the mobile solvent. The separated preserving acids are identified under UV radiation and by specific chromogenic reagents. Benzoic acid in foods was determined quantitatively by steam distillation, extraction, and TLC separation. The benzoic acid was removed from the chromatographic plate, extracted with ethanol, and determined in the UV region with a recording spectrophotometer and 5 cm micro cells. These procedures should be subjected to collaborative study.

scholarly journals Chemical Differentiation of Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium devonianum by Using HPLC Fingerprints, HPLC-ESI-MS, and HPTLC Analyses

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Ye ◽  
Jia-Rong Dai ◽  
Cheng-Gang Zhang ◽  
Ye Lu ◽  
Lei-Lei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Dendrobium Officinale ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Limited Supply ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hptlc Method

The stems of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo (Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis) have a high medicinal value as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Because of the limited supply, D. officinale is a high priced TCM, and therefore adulterants are commonly found in the herbal market. The dried stems of a closely related Dendrobium species, Dendrobium devonianum Paxt., are commonly used as the substitute; however, there is no effective method to distinguish the two Dendrobium species. Here, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was successfully developed and applied to differentiate D. officinale and D. devonianum by comparing the chromatograms according to the characteristic peaks. A HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) method was further applied for structural elucidation of 15 flavonoids, 5 phenolic acids, and 1 lignan in D. officinale. Among these flavonoids, 4 flavonoid C-glycosides were firstly reported in D. officinale, and violanthin and isoviolanthin were identified to be specific for D. officinale compared with D. devonianum. Then, two representative components were used as chemical markers. A rapid and reliable high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was applied in distinguishing D. officinale from D. devonianum. The results of this work have demonstrated that these developed analytical methods can be used to discriminate D. officinale and D. devonianum effectively and conveniently.

scholarly journals Development of Chromatographic Methods for Determination of Agrimoniin and Related Polyphenols in Pharmaceutical Products

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Fecka
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Mobile Phases ◽  
Sample Extraction ◽  
Unmodified Silica ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography (LC) methods were developed for the qualitative and quantitative determination of agrimoniin, pedunculagin, ellagic acid, gallic acid, and catechin in selected herbal medicinal products from Rosaceae: Anserinae herba, Tormentillae rhizoma, Alchemillae herba, Agrimoniae herba, and Fragariae folium. Unmodified silica gel (TLC Si60, HPTLC LiChrospher Si60) and silica gel chemically modified with octadecyl or aminopropyl groups (HPTLC RP18W and HPTLC NH2) were used for TLC. The best resolution and selectivity were achieved with the following mobile phases: diisopropyl etheracetoneformic acidwater (40 30 20 10, v/v/v/v), tetrahydrofuranacetonitrilewater (30 10 60, v/v/v), and acetoneformic acid (60 40, v/v). Concentrations of the studied herbal drugs were determined by using a Chromolith Performance RP-18e column with acetonitrilewaterformic acid as the mobile phase. Determinations of linearity, range, detection and quantitation limits, accuracy, precision, and robustness showed that the HPLC method was sufficiently precise for estimation of the tannins and related polyphenols mentioned above. Investigations of suitable solvent selection, sample extraction procedure, and short-time stability of analytes at storage temperatures of 4 and 20C were also performed. The percentage of agrimoniin in pharmaceutical products was between 0.57 and 3.23.

scholarly journals A contribution to the establishment of extract standards from the leaves of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-504
Author(s):  
Le Nguyen Tu Linh ◽  
Vu Quang Dao ◽  
Bui Dinh Thach ◽  
Trinh Thi Ben ◽  
Tran Thi Linh Giang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Total Weight Loss ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Residual Content ◽  
Clinacanthus Nutans

Nowadays, herbs have become a popular form of healthcare. Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau (family Acanthaceae) is popular in Asia, especially in the tropical countries. Extracts of C. nutans leaves are widely used to treat diseases of skin, anti-inflammatory, anti-virus, anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, wound healing and analgesic activities, etc. This study determined the parameters of ethanol extract of C. nutans leaves including pH, total weight loss due to water, total ash content, heavy metal content, microbiological limits, pesticide residual content, presence and contents of C-flavones. The C-flavones such as shaftoside, orientin, isovitexin and vitexin have been found to be major flavonoids in the leaves of this plant. Therefore, we had used a two-step method using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the rapid identification and quantification of the flavones C-glycosides in ethanol extract C. nutans leaves. These results provided useful information for the evaluation of quality of C. nutans raw materials and its commercial products. Moreover, that contributed to the establishment of extract standard from the leaves of C. nutans. The parameters of the ethanol extract of C. nutans leaves were obtained as follows: pH (5,23 ± 0,35), total weight loss due to water (15,62 ± 0,25%), total ash (13,85 ± 0,98%), microbiological limits are achieved the requirement of medicinal standards, content heavy metal and residue of pesticide are not detected. Contents of C-flavones: shaftoside (0,69 ± 0,04 mg/g), orientin (0,24 ± 0,008 mg/g), isovitexin (0,015 ± 0,003 mg/g), vitexin were very low or undetectable.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Thin-Layer Chromatography of Pesticides

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Sherma
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Biological And Environmental Samples ◽  
Formulation Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Related Compounds

Abstract Advances in the use of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance TLC (HPTLC) for separation, detection, and qualitative and quantitative determination of pesticides, other agrochemicals, and related compounds are reviewed for the period 1996–1998. Analyses are covered for avariety of food, biological, and environmental samples and for residues of various pesticides, including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, belonging to different chemical classes. References on formulation analysis, hydrophobicity studies, and use of TLC and thin-layer radiochromatography for studies of pesticide metabolism, degradation, uptake, and related studies also are included.

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