scholarly journals Mycobacterium aviumSubsp.aviumInfection in Four Veal Calves: Differentiation from Intestinal Tuberculosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Christine Goepfert ◽  
Nadine Regenscheit ◽  
Vanessa Schumacher ◽  
Simone Roos ◽  
Christophe Rossier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Intestinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Veal Calves ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare ◽  
Granulomatous Enteritis ◽  
Positive Results

Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.avium(Maa) is an intracellular pathogen belonging to theMycobacterium avium-intracellularecomplex (MAC). Reservoirs of MAC are the natural environment, wildlife and domestic animals. In adult bovine, MAC infections are typically caused byMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis(Map). Maa infections in bovine are rarely reported but may cause clinical disease and pathological lesions similar to those observed in paratuberculosis or those induced by members of theMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTBC). Therefore, differentiation of MAC from MTBC infection should be attempted, especially if unusual mycobacterial lesions are encountered. Four veal calves from a fattening farm dying with clinical signs of otitis media, fever, and weight loss were submitted for necropsy. Samples from affected organs were taken for histologic investigation, bacteriologic culture, and bacterial specification using PCR. Macroscopic thickening of the intestinal mucosa was induced by granulomatous enteritis and colitis. Intracytoplasmic acid-fast bacteria were detected by Ziehl-Neelsen stains and PCR revealed positive results forMycobacterium aviumsubsp.avium. Clinical and pathological changes of Maa infection in veal calves had features ofMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisand the MTBC. Therefore,Mycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex infection should be considered in cases of granulomatous enteritis in calves.

scholarly journals Dekontaminasi Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis pada feses menggunakan beberapa jenis desinfektan

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Ika Suharti ◽  
Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari ◽  
Fachriyan Hasmi Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Basic Procedure ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Granulomatous Enteritis

Paratuberculosis or Johne’s Disease is a granulomatous enteritis chronic disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by infection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. The disease commonly infects dairy cattle with clinical signs of chronic diarrhea, decreasing body weight, low milk production, oedema, anemia and occasionally infertility. The basic procedure in order to control Paratuberculosis in farms is to do a good and proper handling of animal faecal. Disinfection of animal environments such as pens, faecal, sewerage and sewage are important in prevention of transmission of this disease. The purpose of this research is to determine specific disinfectan and dosage for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis decontamination in cattle feces so  it can be applied as disease control measures. Cow's feces were contaminated with MAP 105CFU/ml and treated with ammonium quartener, phenolic and formaldehyde disinfectant doses 10%, 15% and 20%. The effectiveness of the disinfectant was tested based on MAP identification using Löwenstein-Jensen culture medium and nested Polymere Chain Reaction(PCR). The results showed 15% and 20% doses of formaldehyde disinfectants efective to decontaminate Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis  in catle feces.

scholarly journals Emerging source of infection – Mycobacterium tuberculosis in rescue dogs: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silja Mentula ◽  
Veera Karkamo ◽  
Teresa Skrzypczak ◽  
Jaana Seppänen ◽  
Hanne-Leena Hyyryläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
General Public ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Intestinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Rapid Diagnostics ◽  
Accessible Information

Rescue dog activity is a heavily increasing form of dog charity. Imported homeless dogs represent a reservoir of zoonotic diseases putting owners, veterinarians and pathologists repeatedly at risk. The clinical signs of tuberculosis in a dog are non-specific and diagnosis is often delayed or dismissed. We present a case of 9 months of possible exposure at home and definite exposure at laparotomy and autopsy to intestinal tuberculosis in a family dog imported from Romania to Finland. Persistent gastrointestinal symptoms started 2 years after the import. Abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting proceeded and led to spontaneous death. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified in the liver, lymph nodes and intestine at autopsy. Exposed persons were notified and follow-up was provided, and no further infections were identified within 12 months of follow-up. The heavily increasing import of companion animals presents unexpected public health risks, such as prolonged exposure to tuberculosis, of which the general public is not aware. The dramatic consequences and high costs of tuberculosis could be reduced through accessible information of the risks of imported animals to both the general public and veterinarians, in addition to availability of rapid diagnostics and proper personal protection.

Exploration of Ion Channels in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Implication on Drug Discovery and Potent Drug Targets Against Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Manish Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Transporter Proteins ◽  
Channel Proteins ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
Potent Drug ◽  
Emergence Of Resistance

Scientific interest in mycobacteria has been sparked by the medical importance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that is known to cause severe diseases in mammals, i.e. tuberculosis and by properties that distinguish them from other microorganisms which are notoriously difficult to treat. The treatment of their infections is difficult because mycobacteria fortify themselves with a thick impermeable cell envelope. Channel and transporter proteins are among the crucial adaptations of Mycobacterium that facilitate their strength to combat against host immune system and anti-tuberculosis drugs. In previous studies, it was investigated that some of the channel proteins contribute to the overall antibiotic resistance in Mtb. Moreover, in some of the cases, membrane proteins were found responsible for virulence of these pathogens. Given the ability of M. tuberculosis to survive as an intracellular pathogen and its inclination to develop resistance to the prevailing anti-tuberculosis drugs, its treatment requires new approaches and optimization of anti-TB drugs and investigation of new targets are needed for their potential in clinical usage. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the survival of Mtb. in stressed conditions with different behavior of particular channel/ transporter proteins. Comprehensive understanding of channel proteins and their mechanism will provide us direction to find out preventive measures against the emergence of resistance and reduce the duration of the treatment, eventually leading to plausible eradication of tuberculosis.

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