scholarly journals Potential Field Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Evacuation in a Domain with a Ramp

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xia Jian ◽  
Xiaoning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Domino Effect ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Crowd Density ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

We propose a potential field cellular automata model with a pushing force field to simulate the pedestrian evacuation in a domain with a ramp. We construct a cost potential depending on the ramp angle and introduce a function to evaluate the pushing force, which is related to the cost and the desired direction of pedestrian. With increase of crowd density, there is no empty space for pedestrian moving forward; pedestrian will purposefully push another pedestrian on her or his desired location to arrive the destination quickly. We analyse the relationship between the slope of ramp and the pushing force and investigate the changing of injured situations with the changing of the slope of ramp. When the number of pedestrians and the ramp angle arrive at certain critical points, the Domino effect will be simulated by this proposed model.

scholarly journals Simulating Evacuations with Obstacles Using a Modified Dynamic Cellular Automata Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lim Eng Aik ◽  
Tan Wee Choon
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Exit Route ◽  
Crowd Density ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Human Emotions ◽  
Better Than

A modified dynamic cellular automata model is proposed to simulate the evacuation of occupants from a room with obstacles. The model takes into account some factors that play an important role in an evacuation process, such as human emotions and crowd density around the exits. It also incorporates people’s ability to select a less congested exit route, a factor that is rarely investigated. The simulation and experimental results show that modifications to the exits provide reasonable improvement to evacuation time, after taking into account the fact that people will tend to select exit routes based on the distance to the exits and the crowd density around the exits. In addition, the model is applied to simulations of classroom and restaurant evacuation. Results obtained with the proposed model are compared with those of several existing models. The outcome of the comparison demonstrates that it performs better than existing models.

Study on the Traffic Capacity of Expressway Based on Cellular Automata Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 701-702 ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Xia ◽  
Lin Ling Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Low Load ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shape Changes

Based on the Nagel-Schrekenberg cellular automaton model of traffic flow, this article analyzed the influence that driving on the right side takes to the traffic flow in the condition of light and heavy traffic. With the combination of fluid dynamics and vehicle dynamics, we established the Cellular Automata model for mixed speed two-lane traffic flow on the rule driving on the right side. Then we used the AHP method to find out the large bus share rate, the number of vehicles changing lanes and the influence law of safety factors on traffic flow. We came to a conclusion that the relationship between traffic flow and load are inverted U shape changes in the low load and high load conditions, the accident rate is the maximum when the V/C (the ratio of traffic flow and the ability of corresponding section) is the minimum; with the increase of V/C, the accident rate decreased gradually.

Validation of Cellular Automata Model of Dynamic Recrystallization

2015 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Sitko ◽  
Łukasz Madej ◽  
Maciej Pietrzyk
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Digital Material ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Transition Rules ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Neighborhood Type

Development and validation of the micro scale cellular automata (CA) model of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) were the main goals of the present paper. Major assumptions of the developed CA DRX model, which is based on the Digital Material Representation (DMR) concept, are described. Parameters like neighborhood type, state and internal variables of the proposed model and their influence on final results are presented and discussed. Particular attention was put on description of the developed transition rules used to replicate mechanisms leading to dynamic recrystallization. Finally, obtained results in the form of flow stress curves are compared with the experimental predictions.

scholarly journals Potential field cellular automata model for pedestrian flow

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Xia Jian ◽  
S. C. Wong ◽  
Keechoo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Cellular Automata Model

Potential field cellular automata model for overcrowded pedestrian flow

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Yang Li ◽  
Hua-Yu Deng ◽  
Zhi-Yang Lin ◽  
Xiao-Ning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Cellular Automata Model

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF THE EXPONENTIAL GREY MODEL ON THE MAINTENANCE COST PREDICTION FOR A LARGE SCALE HOSPITAL / EKSPONENTINIO PILKOJO MODELIO TAIKYMAS PROGNOZUOJANT DIDELĖS LIGONINĖS EKSPLOATACINES SĄNAUDAS

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-392
Author(s):  
Tzu-Ping Lo ◽  
Sy-Jye Guo ◽  
Chin-Te Chen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Grey Model ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Exponential Series ◽  
Limited Budget ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Cost Distribution ◽  
Hospital Building ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Realizing the maintenance cost distribution and predicting the future tendency are important for facility managers to efficiently arrange the limited budget. This paper collects 16,228 maintenance records of a representative hospital in Taiwan and further analyzes the cost distribution. Besides, by calculating the maintenance cost of per square meter of floor area per year (dollar/m2/year) and comparing with the previous studies, this paper also points out the relationship between maintenance cost and the operation ages. moreover, this paper establishes a hybrid grey model termed as EGM(1,1), which adopting exponential series to identify the residual error series resulted from grey model, to predict the maintenance cost. The repair cost of hospital building from 1998 to 2006 is adopted to demonstrate the applicability and practicability of EGM(1,1). Results show that the proposed model can predict the tendency precisely. Santrauka Norint efektyviai išdėstyti ribotą biudžetą, pastatų ūkio valdytojai turi suprasti eksploatacijos sąnaudų pasiskirstymą ir sudaryti ateities tendencijų prognozes. Šiame darbe surinkti 16 228 įrašai apie reprezentacinės Taivano ligoninės eksploataciją ir jais remiantis analizuojamas sąnaudų pasiskirstymas. Apskaičiavus metines eksploatacijos sąnaudas vienam kvadratiniam metrui (doleriai/m2/metus) ir palyginus jas su ankstesniais tyrimais, darbe taip pat parodomas ryšys tarp eksploatacijos sąnaudų ir objekto amžiaus. Be to, darbe sudaromas hibridinis pilkasis modelis, pavadintas EGM(1,1), kuriame naudojant eksponentines eilutes nustatomos liktinės paklaidų eilutės, gautos pilkajame modelyje, taip siekiant prognozuoti eksploatacines sąnaudas. Naudojant 1998–2006 m. ligoninės pastato remontui išleistą sumą pristatomas EGM(1,1) taikymas ir praktiškumas. Rezultatai rodo, kad pasiūlytas modelis tendencijas gali prognozuoti tiksliai.

scholarly journals A Numerical Study on the Effects of Trust in Supplier Development

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Haniyeh Dastyar ◽  
Daniel Rippel ◽  
Jürgen Pannek ◽  
Klaus-Dieter Thoben ◽  
Michael Freitag
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Supply Chain Performance ◽  
Automotive Sector ◽  
Supplier Development ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Cost Development ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Supplier development constitutes one of the current tools to enhance supply chain performance. While most literature in this context focuses on the relationship between manufacturers and suppliers, supplier development also provides an opportunity for distinct manufacturers to collaborate in enhancing a joint supplier. This article proposes a model for the optimization of such joint supplier development programs, which incorporates the effects of trust in the manufacturer-to-manufacturer relationship. This article uses a model-predictive formulation to obtain optimal supplier development investment decisions to consider the strong dynamics of the markets. Thereby, the model is designed to be highly customizable to the needs and requirements of different companies. We analyzed the price development related to Mercedes’ A-Class cars and the cost development in the automotive sector over the last ten years in Germany. According to the obtained result, the proposed model shows a sensible behavior in including trust and its effects in supplier development, even when just applying a set of generalized rules. Moreover, the numeric experiments showed that aiming for a balanced mix of optimizing revenue and trust results in the highest revenue obtained by each partner.

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