scholarly journals Y-Function Analysis of the Low Temperature Behavior of Ultrathin Film FD SOI MOSFETs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karsenty ◽  
A. Chelly
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Series Resistance ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Channel Thickness ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Recessed Channel ◽  
Very High

The respective transfer characteristics of the ultrathin body (UTB) and gate recessed channel (GRC) device, sharing sameW/Lratio but having a channel thickness of 46 nm, and 2.2 nm respectively, were measured at 300 K and at 77 K. By decreasing the temperature we found that the electrical behaviors of these devices were radically opposite: if for UTB device, the conductivity was increased, the opposite effect was observed for GRC. The low field electron mobility and series resistanceRSDvalues were extracted using a method based onY-function for both the temperatures. IfRSDlow values were found for UTB, very high values (>1 MΩ) were extracted for GRC. Surprisingly, for the last device, the effective field mobility is found very low (<1 cm2/Vs) and is decreasing by lowering the temperature. After having discussed the limits of this analysis.This case study illustrates the advantage of theY-analysis in discriminating a parameter of great relevance for nanoscale devices and gives a coherent interpretation of an anomalous electrical behavior.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Low-Temperature Behavior of FD-SOI MOSFETs in the Saturation Regime UsingYandZFunctions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. Karsenty ◽  
A. Chelly
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Series Resistance ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Saturation Regime ◽  
Fully Depleted ◽  
Soi Mosfet ◽  
Recessed Channel ◽  
First Time

The saturation regime of two types of fully depleted (FD) SOI MOSFET devices was studied. Ultrathin body (UTB) and gate recessed channel (GRC) devices were fabricated simultaneously on the same silicon wafer through a selective “gate recessed” process. They share the sameW/Lratio but have a channel film thickness of 46 nm and 2.2 nm, respectively. Their standard characteristics (IDS-VDSandIDS-VGS) of the devices were measured at room temperature before cooling down to 77 K. Surprisingly, their respective temperature dependence is found to be opposite. In this paper, we focus our comparative analysis on the devices' conduction using aY-function applied to the saturation domain. The influence of the temperature in this domain is presented for the first time. We point out the limits of theY-function analysis and show that a new function calledZcan be used to extract the series resistance in the saturation regime.

ROUND PERMALLOY 80

Alloy Digest ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Magnetic Core ◽  
Molybdenum Alloy ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Core Losses ◽  
Very High

Abstract Round Permalloy 80 is an 80% nickel-iron-molybdenum alloy that provides very high initial and maximum magnetic permeabilities and minimal core losses at low field strengths. This vacuum-melted product also offers the advantages of small size and weight in magnetic core and shielding materials for numerous applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-223. Producer or source: Spang Industries Inc..

scholarly journals Influence of Hydrogeochemistry on Tunnel Drainage in Evaporitic Formations: El Regajal Tunnel Case Study (Aranjuez, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1505
Author(s):  
Ignacio Menéndez Pidal ◽  
Jose Antonio Mancebo Piqueras ◽  
Eugenio Sanz Pérez ◽  
Clemente Sáenz Sanz
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Underground Flow ◽  
Very High ◽  
Over Time

Many of the large number of underground works constructed or under construction in recent years are in unfavorable terrains facing unusual situations and construction conditions. This is the case of the subject under study in this paper: a tunnel excavated in evaporitic rocks that experienced significant karstification problems very quickly over time. As a result of this situation, the causes that may underlie this rapid karstification are investigated and a novel methodology is presented in civil engineering where the use of saturation indices for the different mineral specimens present has been crucial. The drainage of the rock massif of El Regajal (Madrid-Toledo, Spain, in the Madrid-Valencia high-speed train line) was studied and permitted the in-situ study of the hydrogeochemical evolution of water flow in the Miocene evaporitic materials of the Tajo Basin as a full-scale testing laboratory, that are conforms as a whole, a single aquifer. The work provides a novel methodology based on the calculation of activities through the hydrogeochemical study of water samples in different piezometers, estimating the saturation index of different saline materials and the dissolution capacity of the brine, which is surprisingly very high despite the high electrical conductivity. The circulating brine appears unsaturated with respect to thenardite, mirabilite, epsomite, glauberite, and halite. The alteration of the underground flow and the consequent renewal of the water of the aquifer by the infiltration water of rain and irrigation is the cause of the hydrogeochemical imbalance and the modification of the characteristics of the massif. These modifications include very important loss of material by dissolution, altering the resistance of the terrain and the increase of the porosity. Simultaneously, different expansive and recrystallization processes that decrease the porosity of the massif were identified in the present work. The hydrogeochemical study allows the evolution of these phenomena to be followed over time, and this, in turn, may facilitate the implementation of preventive works in civil engineering.

Using discriminant function analysis to identify Holocene tephras based on magnetite composition: a case study from the Sunwapta Pass area, Jasper National Park

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 804-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Beaudoin ◽  
R. H. King
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
National Park ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Jasper National Park ◽  
Multivariate Method ◽  
Reference Samples

The magnetite composition from three sets of samples of Mazama, St. Helens set Y, and Bridge River tephras from Jasper and Banff national parks are used to test whether discriminant function analysis can unambiguously distinguish these tephras. The multivariate method is found to be very sensitive to the change in reference samples. St. Helens set Y tephra is clearly distinguished. However, discrimination between Mazama and Bridge River tephras is less distinct. A set of unknown tephras from the Sunwapta Pass area was used to test the classification schemes. Unknown tephras are assigned to different tephra types depending on which reference tephra set is used in the discriminant function analysis.

Hidden speech, private thoughts: a case study in peer conversation and educational choice

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-168
Author(s):  
Cherry Canovan ◽  
Rory McDonald ◽  
Naomi Fallon
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Widening Participation ◽  
Educational Choice ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Friendship Group ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Peer Conversation

The role of peer and friendship-group conversation in educational and career choices is of great relevance to widening participation (WP) practitioners, but has been little studied in recent years. We interviewed young people and WP practitioners in Carlisle, an isolated city in the UK, to interrogate this subject. We found that young people were clearly discussing their future choices, sometimes overtly and sometimes in 'unacknowledged conversations'. However some topics and ambitions were seen as 'too private' to discuss; all of our young people had a plan for the future, but many believed that some of their friends did not, possibly because of this constraint. We also discuss the role of older students in informing choices, the phenomenon of 'clustering' that can lead to young people funnelli ng into certain options, and the role that geographical isolation might play in exacerbating some effects. Finally we give some recommendations for WP practice based on these findings.

scholarly journals A Raster-Based Subdividing Indicator to Map Urban Heat Vulnerability: A Case Study in Sydney, Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Phil McManus ◽  
Elizabeth Duncan
Keyword(s):  
High Heat ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Heat Vulnerability ◽  
Very High ◽  
Flexible Model ◽  
General Indicator ◽  
Sydney Australia

Assessing and mapping urban heat vulnerability has developed significantly over the past decade. Many studies have mapped urban heat vulnerability with a census unit-based general indicator (CGI). However, this kind of indicator has many problems, such as inaccurate assessment results and lacking comparability among different studies. This paper seeks to address this research gap and proposes a raster-based subdividing indicator to map urban heat vulnerability. We created a raster-based subdividing indicator (RSI) to map urban heat vulnerability from 3 aspects: exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. We applied and compared it with a raster-based general indicator (RGI) and a census unit-based general indicator (CGI) in Sydney, Australia. Spatial statistics and analysis were used to investigate the performance among those three indicators. The results indicate that: (1) compared with the RSI framework, 67.54% of very high heat vulnerability pixels were ignored in the RGI framework; and up to 83.63% of very high heat vulnerability pixels were ignored in the CGI framework; (2) Compared with the previous CGI framework, a RSI framework has many advantages. These include more accurate results, more flexible model structure, and higher comparability among different studies. This study recommends using a RSI framework to map urban heat vulnerability in the future.

scholarly journals REVISITING THE LIFE STYLE OF THE DON FOREST-STEPPE BELT POPULATION DURING THE SCYTHIAN PERIOD (THE CASE STUDY OF THE KSIZOVO-19 CEMETERY)

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
И. К. Решетова ◽  
М. В. Добровольская ◽  
А. Н. Меркулов
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Steppe Belt ◽  
Scythian Period ◽  
Very High

В статье рассмотрены палеоантропологические материалы грунтовых захоронений середины I тыс. до н. э., расположенных на территории Верхнего Дона. Находки получены в результате раскопок многослойного памятника Ксизово-19. Работы проводились Раннеславянской археологической экспедицией ИА РАН под руководством А. М. Обломского. Исследование антропологических коллекций проводилось по комплексной биоархеологической программе и позволило осветить ряд вопросов об образе жизни населения этой эпохи. Были проанализированы показатели уровня стрессов и физических нагрузок в рассматриваемой группе. Следует обратить внимание на очень высокий процент присутствия зубных патологий. При сравнении серий из грунтовых погребений и подкурганных захоронений выявлены различия в состоянии зубочелюстной системы и присутствие патологических состояний, фиксируемых на зубах в большей степени в группе из курганов. The paper provides an overview of paleoanthropological remnants from ground burials dating back to the mid I mill. BC located in the Upper Don region. The finds were obtained during excavations of the Ksizovo-19 multi-layer site. The excavations were carried out by the Early Slavic Expedition of the Institute of Archaeology, RAS, led by A. M. Oblomskiy. The study of the anthropological assemblages was performed according to a comprehensive bioarchaeological program. This makes it possible to cover a number of issues regarding the life style of the population at that time. The stress level and physical activity in the studied group were analyzed. A very high percentage of dental pathologies should be noted. Comparison of series from the ground burials and the kurgans burials revealed differences in the conditions of the dentofacial systems and presence of a greater number of pathological conditions of the teeth in the kurgan series.

scholarly journals Borehole Rehabilitation: A Case Study in the Dunkwa Mining Town

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
A. Ewusi ◽  
J. Seidu
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Implementation Cost ◽  
Mining Town ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Borehole Camera ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Very High

Rehabilitation works were carried out on boreholes in the Dunkwa Mining town in the Central Region of Ghana. These works were carried out because the boreholes had lost their original yields due to clogging, corrosion and encrustation and had been abandoned for a long time. The cost of drilling a new well and assessing the productivity of the well is $4,500 which is more expensive that carrying out rehabilitation works which is cheaper, about $800. Also, the initial yields of the boreholes were very high according to the feasibility report which is not a common characteristic of the rocks in the area. Camera inspection followed by rehabilitation, pre and post pumping tests were carried out to assess whether there has been an improvement in their yield after the exercise and that the yield obtained will be adequate for a water supply design. Results show that all the boreholes had an improvement in their yields (57.19 - 259.80 %) after the rehabilitation. It can therefore be concluded that rehabilitation is effective in restoring boreholes to their original yields. Organisations drilling boreholes to communities can take advantage of rehabilitation of the existing boreholes located in the communities which are high yielding, thereby reducing project implementation cost. Keywords: Borehole Rehabilitation, Borehole Yields, Borehole Camera Inspection, Pumping Test

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