scholarly journals Pelvic Incidence: A Predictive Factor for Three-Dimensional Acetabular Orientation—A Preliminary Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Boulay ◽  
Gérard Bollini ◽  
Jean Legaye ◽  
Christine Tardieu ◽  
Dominique Prat-Pradal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Incidence ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Acetabular Cup ◽  
Acetabular Orientation ◽  
Pelvic Parameters ◽  
Positional Parameter ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Right

Acetabular cup orientation (inclination and anteversion) is a fundamental topic in orthopaedics and depends on pelvis tilt (positional parameter) emphasising the notion of a safe range of pelvis tilt. The hypothesis was that pelvic incidence (morphologic parameter) could yield a more accurate and reliable assessment than pelvis tilt. The aim was to find out a predictive equation of acetabular 3D orientation parameters which were determined by pelvic incidence to include in the model. The second aim was to consider the asymmetry between the right and left acetabulae. Twelve pelvic anatomic specimens were measured with an electromagnetic Fastrak system (Polhemus Society) providing 3D position of anatomical landmarks to allow measurement of acetabular and pelvic parameters. Acetabulum and pelvis data were correlated by a Spearman matrix. A robust linear regression analysis provided prediction of acetabulum axes. The orientation of each acetabulum could be predicted by the incidence. The incidence is correlated with the morphology of acetabula. The asymmetry of the acetabular roof was correlated with pelvic incidence. This study allowed analysis of relationships of acetabular orientation and pelvic incidence. Pelvic incidence (morphologic parameter) could determine the safe range of pelvis tilt (positional parameter) for an individual and not a group.

scholarly journals Corpus callosum in schizophrenia with deficit and non-deficit syndrome: a statistical shape analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. e100635
Author(s):  
Yaşar Türk ◽  
Ilker Ercan ◽  
Ibrahim Sahin ◽  
Basak Erdemli Gursel ◽  
Arda Uzunoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Deficit Syndrome ◽  
Statistical Shape ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Gradient Echo Imaging ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cognitive Data

BackgroundThe corpus callosum (CC) is the most targeted region in the cerebrum that integrates cognitive data between homologous areas in the right and left hemispheres.AimsOur study used statistical analysis to determine whether there was a correlation between shape changes in the CC in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) (deficit syndrome (DS) and non-deficit syndrome (NDS)) and healthy control (HC) subjects.MethodsThis study consisted of 27 HC subjects and 50 schizophrenic patients (20 with DS and 30 with NDS). 3 patients with DS and 4 patients with NDS were excluded. Three-dimensional, sagittal, T1-spoiled, gradient-echo imaging was used. Standard anatomical landmarks were selected and marked on each image using specific software.ResultsAs to comparing the Procrustes mean shapes of the CC, statistically significant differences were observed between HC and SZ (DS+NDS) (p=0.017, James’s Fj=73.732), HC and DS (p<0.001, James’s Fj=140.843), HC and NDS (p=0.006, James’s Fj=89.178) and also DS and NDS (p<0.001, James’s Fj=152.967). Shape variability in the form of CC was 0.131, 0.085, 0.082 and 0.086 in the HC, SZ (DS+NDS), DS and NDS groups, respectively.ConclusionsThis study reveals callosal shape variations in patients with SZ and their DS and NDS subgroups that take into account the CC’s topographic distribution.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional analysis of acetabular cup orientation and an evaluation of the relationship with pelvic sagittal parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 230949901986122
Author(s):  
Ali Sahin ◽  
Mehmet Emin Simsek ◽  
Safa Gursoy ◽  
Mustafa Akkaya ◽  
Cetin Isik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Acetabular Cup ◽  
Pelvic Parameters ◽  
Sagittal Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of total hip arthroplasty (THA) on sagittal pelvic parameters and to evaluate the effect of sagittal pelvic parameters on acetabular cup orientation. Methods: The study included 86 patients who underwent THA for a diagnosis of unilateral coxarthrosis between 2011 and 2015. Measurements were taken of the preoperative and postoperative acetabular cup inclination (ACI), anteversion, and sagittal pelvic parameters. The effect of THA on sagittal pelvic parameters and the effects of the sagittal pelvic parameters on acetabular cup orientation were investigated. Results: The sagittal pelvic tilt values calculated were mean 9.7° ± 6.3° (2°; 23°) preoperatively and 11.0° ± 6.1° (2°; 25°) postoperatively. The increase in postoperative pelvic incidence (PI) values was determined to be statistically significant ( p < 0.05). The preoperative PI values had no significant effect on ACI, but in cases with high preoperative PI values, a tendency to high anteversion values was determined. The mean inclination values were found to be 40.2° ± 11.0° in the low PI group, 41.7° ± 7.4° in the normal PI group, and 44.1° ± 8.3° in the high PI group. As no increase in inclination values was observed with an increase in PI values, no statistical correlation was determined ( p = 0.343). Average of anteversion values in the low PI group was 9.2° ± 13.7°, in the normal PI group 19.3° ± 10.5°, and in the high PI group 21.1° ± 12.5°. The difference between the groups was statistically significant ( p = 0.001). Conclusion: Evaluating the results of this study, it can be concluded that varying PI values do affect the acetabular cup anterversion in THA. So, preoperative assessment of PI values is important in preventing postoperative acetabular cup malposition.

scholarly journals Marker-Based Method for Analyzing the Three-Dimensional Upper Body Kinematics of Violinists and Violists: Development and Clinical Feasibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Wolf ◽  
Dirk Möller ◽  
Nikolaus Ballenberger ◽  
Karsten Morisse ◽  
Kristoff Zalpour
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
3D Motion ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
The Right

AIMS: High string players (violin and viola) often suffer from musculoskeletal disorders. Although 3D motion analysis has proved helpful in diagnosing different musculoskeletal syndromes and identifying injurious movement patterns in violin and viola performance, more detailed analyses of upper body movement strategies and especially of the shoulder complex have not yet been recorded. The use of spherical surface markers on some anatomical landmarks is, however, inappropriate when an instrument is being played. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a novel marker-based method for analyzing upper body kinematics of high string players using conditions specific to violin and viola playing. METHODS: A custom upper body marker set was developed and a biomechanical model applied to 3D motion capture data of the pelvis, thorax, spine, head, and both upper limbs (scapula, upper arm, forearm, hand) of 12 professional violinists, to assess its clinical feasibility. FINDINGS: Lumbar and thoracic spine, thorax, neck, and left upper limb were quite static, while extensive motion occurred in the right upper limb. Most rotation angles showed a reasonable intersubject variability except for glenohumeral and wrist joints. Significant differences were observed between G- and D-string bowing, especially in the left wrist and right shoulder joints. INTERPRETATION: This study suggests that the proposed method is a valid tool for quantifying upper body movements in violin and viola performance. With the extended upper body model, it will improve understanding of the motor strategies adopted by high string players and may contribute to injury prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Anatomical characterization of the inferior petrosal sinus and adjacent cerebellopontine angle cistern for development of an endovascular transdural cerebrospinal fluid shunt

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 598-602
Author(s):  
Carl B Heilman ◽  
Gregory W Basil ◽  
Brandon M Beneduce ◽  
Adel M Malek
Keyword(s):  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Csf Shunt ◽  
Communicating Hydrocephalus ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Background and purposeWe evaluated the inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) and adjacent cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern as a potential implantation site for a novel venous endovascular transdural CSF shunt concept to treat communicating hydrocephalus. We analyzed the dimensions of the IPS, CPA cistern, and distances to adjacent neurovascular structures.Materials and methodsGadolinium enhanced T1 weighted brain MRI datasets of 36 randomly selected patients, aged 20–80 years, were analyzed with three-dimensional multiplanar reconstruction to measure IPS diameter and length, CPA cistern depth, and IPS proximity to the vertebrobasilar arteries and brainstem. Statistical analysis was used to assess gender, sidedness, and age dependence.ResultsMean IPS diameter ranged from 2.27 mm to 3.31 mm at three axial levels, with >90% larger than 1.46 mm. CPA cistern adjacent to the IPS exhibited a mean depth of 3.86 mm to 7.39 mm between the dura and brainstem at corresponding axial levels. There was no side dependence except for a longer distance from the IPS to the basilar artery on the left compared with the right (9.72 vs 7.28, P<0.019). Linear regression analysis showed that the distance from the IPS to the brainstem was statistically significantly increased with age (P<0.0002) and was greater in men, with little side variation (P=0.524).ConclusionOur results demonstrate sufficient CSF CPA cisternal space adjacent to the IPS and support the feasibility of an endovascular catheter delivered transdural implantable shunt. Such a device could serve to mimic the function of the arachnoid granulation by establishing a regulated path for CSF flow from the intracranial subarachnoid space to the venous system and provide a treatment for communicating hydrocephalus.

scholarly journals Bilateral Comparison of the Three-dimensional Configuration in the Normal Ankle Syndesmosis: A non-Weightbearing and Weightbearing CT-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011420S0046
Author(s):  
Greg Tsarukian ◽  
Matthias Peiffer ◽  
Alexej Barg ◽  
Wouter Huysse ◽  
Yantarat Sripanich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Ankle Trauma ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Three Dimensional Configuration ◽  
The Right ◽  
Weightbearing Ct

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Syndesmotic ankle injuries can be present in up to one-fifth of all ankle trauma and may lead to syndesmotic instability or posttraumatic ankle osteoarthirtis on the long term. It remains challenging to distinguish syndesmotic ankle injuries from other types of ankle trauma. Currently, diagnosis is based on plain radiographs by comparing 2D measurements of the injured to the non-injured side. However, it is unclear to what extent the 3D configuration of the normal ankle syndesmosis is symmetrical during non- or weightbearing conditions. Therefore, our aim was two-fold (1) to establish reference values based on three-dimensional side-to-side comparison of the normal ankle syndesmosis imaged by a non-weightbearing (NWBCT) and weightbearing CT (WBCT) (2) to compare measurements obtained from a NWBCT with those of a WBCT. Methods: In this retrospective comparative cohort study, patients with a NWBCT (N=38; Mean age=51+-17.4 years) and WBCT (N=43; Mean age=48+-14.3 years) were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were a bilateral NWBCT or WBCT of the foot and ankle between January 2016 and December 2018. Exclusion criteria consisted of hindfoot pathology and an age <18 years or >75 years. CT images were segmented to obtain 3D models. Computer Aided Design (CAD) operations were used to mirror the left ankle and superimpose it over the right ankle (Fig. 1A). The apex of the lateral malleolus (AML), anterior tubercle (ATF) and posterior tubercle (PTF) were determined. The difference in the coordinates attached to these anatomical landmarks of the left distal fibula in the ankle syndesmosis with respect to the right were used to establish reference values within two standard deviations. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare measurements from a NWBCT with a WBCT. Results: Reference values within two standard deviations are given for each 3D measurement derived from a NWBCT and WBCT-scan (Fig 1B). The highest difference in translation was detected in the anterior-posterior direction (Mean APNWBCT= 0.161mm; 2SD=3.212/ Mean APWBCT= -0.082mm; 2SD=2.374). The highest difference in rotation was detected in the external- internal direction (Mean EINWBCT= -0.484°; 2SD=8.720/ Mean EIWBCT= -0,326°; 2SD=5.370). None of these differences were statistically significant in the normal ankle syndesmosis when obtained from a NWBCT scan compared to a WBCT scan (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study provides reference values of the three-dimensional configuration in the normal ankle syndesmosis based on side-to-side comparison. It did not demonstrate significant differences in the normal ankle syndesmosis between NWBT and WBCT scans. These novel 3D data contribute relevantly to previously established bilateral 2D radiographic reference values. In clinical practice, they will aid in distinguishing if a patient with a syndesmotic ankle lesion differs from normal variance in syndesmotic ankle symmetry.

scholarly journals Anatomical sacral slope, a new pelvic parameter, is associated with lumbar lordosis and pelvic incidence in healthy Japanese women: A retrospective cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 230949901988880
Author(s):  
Hayato Suzuki ◽  
Norio Imai ◽  
Asami Nozaki ◽  
Yuki Hirano ◽  
Naoto Endo
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Pelvic Incidence ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sacral Slope ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pelvic Parameters

Purpose: Anatomical sacral slope (a-SS), a pelvic anatomical parameter that does not require the center of the femoral head, strongly correlates with pelvic incidence (PI) during three-dimensional measurements in normal subjects. Sagittal alignment of spinal and pelvic parameters is typically evaluated using two-dimensional radiographs; however, the relationship between a-SS and PI has not been evaluated using radiographs. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between a-SS and other spinal and pelvic parameters using radiographs. Methods: We evaluated 144 healthy women. Using sagittal radiographs, we measured lumbar lordosis (LL), thoracic kyphosis, PI, SS, pelvic tilt, and a-SS, which were defined as the angle between the superior end plate of S1 and a line perpendicular to the anterior pelvic plane. Pearson coefficients were used to determine correlations, and intraobserver and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used for validation. Results: There was a strong correlation between PI and a-SS ( r = 0.756). Moreover, correlations between a-SS and LL and between PI and LL were similar ( r = 0.661 and r = 0.554, respectively). The intraobserver ICCs were 0.884 for a-SS and 0.840 for PI. The interobserver ICCs were 0.856 for a-SS and 0.653 for PI. Conclusion: a-SS was strongly correlated with PI. The correlation between a-SS and LL was equivalent to the correlation between PI and LL. Moreover, the ICC for a-SS was larger than that of PI. This study suggests that a-SS is a useful new pelvic anatomical parameter that can be used instead of PI.

CAN GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE COMPENSATE FOR MARKER SKIN MOVEMENT IN RAT KINEMATICS?

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 1450065 ◽  
Author(s):  
FILIPA JOÃO ◽  
ANTÓNIO VELOSO ◽  
SANDRA AMADO ◽  
PAULO ARMADA-DA-SILVA ◽  
ANA C. MAURÍCIO
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Global Optimization Method ◽  
Skin Deformation ◽  
Angular Displacements ◽  
The Right

The motion of the skeletal estimated from skin attached marker-based motion capture(MOCAP) systems is known to be affected by significant bias caused by anatomical landmarks mislocation but especially by soft tissue artifacts (such as skin deformation and sliding, inertial effects and muscle contraction). As a consequence, the error associated with this bias can propagate to joint kinematics and kinetics data, particularly in small rodents. The purpose of this study was to perform a segmental kinematic analysis of the rat hindlimb during locomotion, using both global optimization as well as segmental optimization methods. Eight rats were evaluated for natural overground walking and motion of the right hindlimb was captured with an optoeletronic system while the animals walked in the track. Three-dimensional (3D) biomechanical analyses were carried out and hip, knee and ankle joint angular displacements and velocities were calculated. Comparison between both methods demonstrated that the magnitude of the kinematic error due to skin movement increases in the segmental optimization when compared with the global optimization method. The kinematic results assessed with the global optimization method matches more closely to the joint angles and ranges of motion calculated from bone-derived kinematics, being the knee and hip joints with more significant differences.

Comparison of the efficiency of the indexes of Pont and Korkhause with Kernott technique in patients with narrowing of maxilla

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
O. I. Admakin ◽  
I. A. Solop ◽  
A. D. Oksentyuk
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Standard Analysis ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Control Models ◽  
Diagnostic Models ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
Medical University

Relevance. The narrowing of the maxilla is one of the most common pathologies in orthodontics. Recent studies show that the narrowing is always asymmetric which is connected to the rotation of the maxilla. To choose the treatment correctly one need a calculation that reveals the asymmetry, which is impossible with using standard indexes.Purpose – to compare efficiency of indexes of Pont and Korkhause with the Kernott's method in patients with narrowing of the maxilla.Materials and methods. The study involved 35 children aged from 8 to 12 years old undergoing dental treatment in the University Children's Clinical Hospital of the First Moscow State Medical University with no comorbidities. For every patient a gypsum model was prepared and after that to carry out the biometrical calculation. In this study two indexes were used: Pont's index and Korkhause's; using this standard analysis the narrowing of the maxilla was revealed. After using Pont's Index and Korkhaus analysis all the models were calculated by the method of Kernott with Kernott's dynamic pentagon.Results. As a result of the analysis of the control diagnostic models a narrowing of the maxilla in 69% of cases (n = 24) was revealed in all cases, the deviation of the size of the dentition was asymmetric. Thus, 65% of the surveyed models showed a narrowing on the right. This narrowing was of a different severity and averaged 15 control models.Conclusions. This shows that for the biometrics of diagnostic models it is necessary to use methods that allow to estimate the width of the dentition rows on the left and on the right separately. To correct the asymmetric narrowing of the dentition, it is preferable to use non-classical expanding devices that act equally on the left and right sides separetly.

scholarly journals Right-sided Bochdalek hernia in an adult with hepatic malformation and intestinal malrotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Enomoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamada ◽  
Daiki Kato ◽  
Shusuke Yagi ◽  
Hitomi Wake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
3D Simulation ◽  
Diaphragmatic Defect ◽  
Intestinal Malrotation ◽  
Intestinal Loop ◽  
Bochdalek Hernia ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Bochdalek hernia is a common congenital diaphragmatic defect that usually manifests with cardiopulmonary insufficiency in neonates. It is very rare in adults, and symptomatic cases are mostly left-sided. Diaphragmatic defects generally warrant immediate surgical intervention to reduce the risk of incarceration or strangulation of the displaced viscera. Case presentation A 47-year-old woman presented with dyspnea on exertion. Computed tomography revealed that a large part of the intestinal loop with superior mesenteric vessels and the right kidney were displaced into the right thoracic cavity. Preoperative three-dimensional (3D) simulation software visualized detailed anatomy of displaced viscera and the precise location and size of the diaphragmatic defect. She underwent elective surgery after concomitant pulmonary hypertension was stabilized preoperatively. The laparotomic approach was adopted. Malformation of the liver and the presence of intestinal malrotation were confirmed during the operation. The distal part of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, and right kidney were reduced into the abdominal cavity consecutively. A large-sized oval defect was closed with monofilament polypropylene mesh. No complications occurred postoperatively. Conclusion Symptomatic right-sided Bochdalek hernia in adults is exceedingly rare and is frequently accompanied by various visceral anomalies. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical repair are crucial to prevent possible incarceration or strangulation. The preoperative 3D simulation provided comprehensive information on anatomy and concomitant anomalies and helped surgeons plan the operation meticulously and perform procedures safely.

scholarly journals Alteration within the Hippocampal Volume in Patients with LHON Disease—7 Tesla MRI Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Cezary Grochowski ◽  
Kamil Jonak ◽  
Marcin Maciejewski ◽  
Andrzej Stępniewski ◽  
Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Right

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the volumetry of the hippocampus in the Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) of blind patients. Methods: A total of 25 patients with LHON were randomly included into the study from the national health database. A total of 15 patients were selected according to the inclusion criteria. The submillimeter segmentation of the hippocampus was based on three-dimensional spoiled gradient recalled acquisition in steady state (3D-SPGR) BRAVO 7T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that compared to healthy controls (HC), LHON subjects had multiple significant differences only in the right hippocampus, including a significantly higher volume of hippocampal tail (p = 0.009), subiculum body (p = 0.018), CA1 body (p = 0.002), hippocampal fissure (p = 0.046), molecular layer hippocampus (HP) body (p = 0.014), CA3 body (p = 0.006), Granule Cell (GC) and Molecular Layer (ML) of the Dentate Gyrus (DG)–GC ML DG body (p = 0.003), CA4 body (p = 0.001), whole hippocampal body (p = 0.018), and the whole hippocampus volume (p = 0.023). Discussion: The ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging allowed hippocampus quality visualization and analysis, serving as a powerful in vivo diagnostic tool in the diagnostic process and LHON disease course assessment. The study confirmed previous reports regarding volumetry of hippocampus in blind individuals.

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