Relationship between Objectively Measured Walkability and Exercise Walking among Adults with Diabetes

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2014/542123 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Akiko S. Hosler ◽

Mary P. Gallant ◽

Mary Riley-Jacome ◽

Deepa T. Rajulu

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

Walking Behavior ◽

Upstate New York ◽

Interview Survey ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Study Participants ◽

The Relationship ◽

Hispanic White ◽

Recommended Level

Little is known about the relationship between objectively measured walkability and walking for exercise among adults with diabetes. Information regarding walking behavior of adults with diabetes residing in 3 Upstate New York counties was collected through an interview survey. Walkability measures were collected through an environmental audit of a sample of street segments. Overall walkability and 4 subgroup measures of walkability were aggregated at the ZIP level. Multivariate logistic regression was used for analysis. Study participants(n=208)were 61.0% female, 56.7% non-Hispanic White, and 35.1% African-American, with a mean age of 62.0 years. 108 participants (51.9%) walked for exercise on community streets, and 62 (29.8%) met the expert-recommended level of walking for ≥150 minutes/week. After adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, BMI, physical impairment, and social support for exercise, walking any minutes/week was associated with traffic safety (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.15–1.65). Walking ≥150 minutes/week was associated with overall walkability of the community (2.65, 1.22, and 5.74), as well as sidewalks (1.73, 1.12–2.67), street amenity (2.04, 1.12–3.71), and traffic safety (1.92, 1.02–3.72). This study suggests that walkability of the community should be an integral part of the socioecologic approach to increase physical activity among adults with diabetes.

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Bidirectional Relationship Between Subjective Age and Frailty: Findings From the NHATS

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.867 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 271-271

Author(s):

Yuxiao Li ◽

Minhui Liu ◽

Christina Miyawaki ◽

Xiaocao Sun ◽

Tianxue Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Subjective Age ◽

Bidirectional Relationship ◽

Study Participants ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

The Relationship ◽

Hispanic White

Abstract Frailty is a clinical syndrome that becomes increasingly common as people age. Subjective age refers to how young or old individuals experience themselves to be. It is associated with many risk factors of frailty, such as increased depression, worse cognitive function, and poorer psychological wellbeing. In this study, we examined the relationship between subjective age and frailty using the 2011-2015 waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Participants were community-dwelling older adults without frailty in the initial wave (N=1,165). Subjective age was measured by asking participants, “What age do you feel most of the time?” Based on the Fried five phenotypic criteria: exhaustion, unintentional weight loss, low physical activity, slow gait, and weak grip strength, frailty was categorized into robust=0, pre-frail=1 or 2; frail=3 or more criteria met. Participants were, on average, 74.1±6.5 years old, female (52%), and non-Hispanic White (81%). Eighty-five percent of the participants felt younger, and 3% felt older than their chronological age, but 41% of them were pre-frail/frail. Generalized estimating equations revealed that an “older” subjective age predicted a higher likelihood of pre-frailty and frailty (OR, 95%CI= 1.01, 1.01-1.02). In contrast, frailty predicted an “older” subjective age (OR, 95%CI= 2.97, 1.65-5.35) adjusting for demographics and health conditions. These findings suggest a bidirectional relationship between subjective age and frailty. Older people who feel younger than their chronological age are at reduced risk of becoming pre-frail/frail. Intervention programs to delay frailty progression should include strategies that may help older adults perceive a younger subjective age.

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Intellectual Impairment in Children of Women Who Smoke Cigarettes During Pregnancy

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.93.2.221 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 93 (2) ◽

pp. 221-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

David L. Olds ◽

Charles R. Henderson ◽

Robert Tatelbaum

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽

Upstate New York ◽

Wide Range ◽

Neurodevelopmental Impairment ◽

The Relationship ◽

Additional Reason

Objective. To examine the relationship between maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and children's intellectual functioning during the first 4 years of life. Design. Prospective follow-up of participants in a randomized trial of pregnancy and infancy nurse home visitation. Setting. Semirural community in Upstate New York. Participants. 400 families in which the mothers registered before the 30th week of pregnancy and had no previous live births. Eighty-five percent of the mothers were either teenagers (<19 years at registration), unmarried, or poor. Analysis limited to whites who comprised 89% of the sample. Main results. Children in the comparison group whose mothers smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day during pregnancy had Stanford-Binet scores at 3 and 4 years of age that were 4.35 (95% CI: 0.02, 8.68) points lower (after controlling for a wide range of variables) than their counterparts whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy. Conclusions. The results of this study add to the increasingly consistent evidence that maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy poses a unique risk for neurodevelopmental impairment among children and provide an additional reason for pregnant women not to smoke cigarettes.

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Impact of Older Adults’ Neighborhood Perceptions on Walking Behavior

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2014-0278 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 247-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jordana L. Maisel

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Built Environment ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

User Behavior ◽

Street Connectivity ◽

Walking Behavior ◽

Study Support ◽

The Relationship ◽

Neighborhood Type ◽

Age And Sex

Built environment features can have varying impacts on user behavior depending on the perceptions of the opportunities and obstacles that the environments create. This study systematically evaluated the relationship between neighborhood perceptions and the specific types of self-reported walking behavior for 121 older adults who resided in urban, suburban, or rural neighborhoods. Perceptions of street connectivity, crime and traffic safety, and overall satisfaction were associated with specific types of walking behaviors, and the strength of the relationships differed by neighborhood type. Sociodemographic variables such as age and sex were associated with certain types and amounts of older adults’ walking behaviors both across and within each neighborhood type. The results of this study support the importance of perceived street connectivity regardless of neighborhood type and perceived crime safety in rural neighborhoods to impact the walking behavior among older adults.

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I never knew a librarian did that! : Exploring how faculty and librarian relationships support meaningful collaboration

Journal of New Librarianship ◽

10.33011/newlibs/9/2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kathleen Colantonio-Yurko

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Online Teaching ◽

Faculty Members ◽

Upstate New York ◽

Library Anxiety ◽

Teaching Support ◽

Library Support ◽

Comprehensive College ◽

The Relationship

This paper examines the relationships that developed over a 10+ year span at a comprehensive college in upstate New York. When the library was reorganized into a generalist model of library support, the faculty members felt unsupported. The paper explains the origin of the department-wide collaboration and then uses reflections to analyze ways in which the relationship with a liaison librarian support the faculty members work. Specific themes include overcoming library anxiety, online teaching support, and scholarship support with suggestions for librarian practice.

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Walkability Safety and Walkability Participation: A Health Concern

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198120903256 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 430-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yolanda Suarez-Balcazar ◽

Amy R. Early ◽

Claudia Garcia ◽

Daniel Balcazar ◽

Dalmina L. Arias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traffic Safety ◽

Local Governments ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Health Concern ◽

Safe Driving ◽

Walking Behavior ◽

Direct Observations ◽

Behavioral Assessments ◽

The Relationship

Walking is correlated with both improved physical and emotional health. However, walking behavior is often heavily influenced by environmental conditions. The goal of this study was to examine actual and perceived walkability safety and the relationship between perceived walkability safety and self-rated levels of walkability participation, defined as the number of places one walks within the community on a regular basis. Researchers used a mixed-methods approach, combining direct observations of traffic safety and in-person surveys within a specific Chicago neighborhood from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017, respectively. We conducted behavioral assessments on 25 intersections and 48 sidewalks and surveyed 96 pedestrians on perceived walkability safety and walkability participation. Findings showed 68% and 81% of vehicles in 2015 and 2016, respectively did not obey street signs, placing pedestrians at significant risk. Pedestrians expressed concerns about the safety of walking in their neighborhood yet walked to a median of eight places weekly. The results indicated a marginally significant positive relationship between self-reported community participation and walking habits, as well as relationships between various factors of perceived walkability and age, gender, or language of survey completion. It is clear from the results of this study that walkability in this community is not a safe activity. However, walking habits may also be influenced by community satisfaction and SES factors. Communities need to engage in safe driving campaigns and educate walkers on how to protect themselves from distracted drivers. Local governments should implement policy initiatives such as police enforcement and drivers’ education campaigns.

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Examining the Relationship between Urban Design Qualities and Walking Behavior: Empirical Evidence from Dallas, TX

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11102720 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2720

Author(s):

Shima Hamidi ◽

Somayeh Moazzeni

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Urban Design ◽

Salt Lake ◽

Salt Lake City ◽

Walking Behavior ◽

Human Scale ◽

Walking Activity ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

This study examines the relationship between street-level urban design perceptual qualities and walking behavior in the City of Dallas. While the city has the potential to experience growth in pedestrian activities, it exhibits a very low level of walking activity, placing it as one of the least walkable cities in the nation. To assess the impact of urban design qualities on walkability, we collected data on 23 features related to urban design, 11 built environment variables characterized as D variables comprising diversity, density, design, distance to transit, and destination accessibility. The sample included 402 street block faces in Dallas Downtown Improvement District. Accounting for spatial autocorrelation, we found that two urban design qualities, among five, including image-ability—such as a memorable quality of a place, and transparency—as to what degree people can see beyond the street’s edge—significantly influence pedestrian volume in downtown streets. These findings are in agreement with the two previous studies that used the same methodology in different cities (New York City, NYC and Salt Lake City, UT). According to the findings of these three studies, the other urban design qualities including human scale, complexity, as well as enclosure, are not playing a significant role in walkability, despite the theoretical justification and the extensive operationalization efforts. The findings of this study draw policy makers’ attention to creating more appealing and walkable places through the implementation of these urban design qualities.

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Why wilderness? Alienation, authenticity, and nature

Tourist Studies ◽

10.1177/1468797617723473 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 3-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Elizabeth S Vidon

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Lacanian Psychoanalysis ◽

Nature Tourism ◽

Upstate New York ◽

Recent Scholarship ◽

Tourism Studies ◽

Tourism Motivation ◽

Dialectical Relationship ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Focusing on the role psychoanalytic alienation plays in tourist motivation, this article contributes to recent scholarship that aims to redevelop the dialectic relationship between authenticity and alienation in tourism studies. Lacanian psychoanalysis is the primary lens through which this is accomplished, by application to wilderness and nature tourism in the Adirondacks of Upstate New York, USA. This approach adds further insight as to the draw of nature tourism by interrogating not only what nature tourists are seeking but also what drives them to seek it. As such, this attention to the dialectical relationship of authenticity and alienation has implications for theories of tourism that seek to understand the relationship of tourism motivation to touristic experience.

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