scholarly journals Malnutrition, Overweight, and Obesity among Urban and Rural Children in North of West Azerbijan, Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou ◽  
Fariba Babaei ◽  
Parvin Ayremlou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under 5

Introduction.Malnutrition is one of the most important causes for improper physical and mental development of children. Childhood obesity is a worldwide public health problem. The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity has become a growing matter of public health concern worldwide. The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and obesity in children under 5 years old in Salmas district.Methods.The current study is a cross-sectional study conducted on 902 of children under 5 years old to assess the nutritional status in Salmas district and performed from 16 until 30 October, 2011, with the cooperation of the Office of Community Nutrition Improvement and the United Nations Children’s Fund. ENA (Emergency Nutrition Assessment) and Spss software were used for data analysis.Results.49.6% of children were boys and 50.4% were girls. The prevalence of malnutrition based on underweight, stunting, and wasting was estimated to be 2.3%, 7.3%, and 1.4% among children, respectively. Stunting was more common in rural areas and this difference was significant (P<0.001).Conclusion.In this area stunting, overweight and obesity were the most important priorities that health officials must pay more attention to. ENA software has a special ability to determine the samples and clusters and is a simple, rapid, and accurate method, especially in epidemiological studies in the country, and can be a convenient tool and its use is suggested for the same studies.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents from the Age Range of 2 to 19 Years Old in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina R. Niehues ◽  
Ana Inês Gonzales ◽  
Robson R. Lemos ◽  
Poliana Penasso Bezerra ◽  
Patrícia Haas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Juvenile Obesity ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Obesity In Children

Introduction. Infant juvenile obesity is currently a worldwide public health problem and it is increasing at alarming rate in the Brazilian population, showing its relevance in terms of public health.Objectives. Determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents between 2 and 19 years old in different regions of Brazil.Methods. The following electronic databases were searched (from September through November 2013): Medline (PubMed), LILACS, and SciELO, using the descriptors and Boolean operators (obesity) and (overweight) and (child) and (prevalence) and (Brazil). Prospective and/or cross-sectional designs studies were found regarding the prevalence of overweight and obese children and adolescents in the five regions of Brazil.Results. A total of 191 scientific articles were found of which 17 met all inclusion criteria. A higher prevalence of overweight was found in the south (25.7%) and north (28.8%) of the country, and obesity in the southeast (15.4%) and south (10.4%).Conclusions. The scope of the studies was mostly based on municipal coverage, which resulted in limitations for conclusive analysis, showing the need for further studies of prevalence at the national level, with emphasis on public health in obese children and adolescents throughout the Brazilian territory.

scholarly journals An epidemiological study of the prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) group in an urban slum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2460
Author(s):  
Pratibha U. Mulik ◽  
Sudam R. Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
History Of

Background: After comparing data of NFHS-3 and 4, prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of an urban population almost doubled in 10 yr. So, the causes of increasing prevalence need to be studied as public health concern. Objective of the study is to determine prevalence of overweight and obesity among reproductive age group (15-49 years) of women in an urban slum of Mumbai.Methods: Total 220 women were selected among 11 sectors from A to K by simple random method and data collected by using validated questionnaire. WHO’s classification was used to classify as overweight and obese.Results: Out of 220 women participated in study, 14 (6.36%) were obese, 75 (34.09%) were overweight according to BMI and 17 (7.7%) were found to be obese according to waist to hip ratio. From the present study it was seen that age group of the women, socio economic class, education, history of hypothyroidism, family history of obesity, types of work women do, hours of television watching, calorie and fat intake, had a significant relationship with BMI, whereas physical exercise they used to do and tendency to sleep in the afternoon and hours of sleep in the night had non-significant relationship with BMI.Conclusions: Obesity and overweight is found to be a growing public health problem and can be preventable. Interventional measures include developing healthy eating habits, regular moderate physical exercise, sleeping habits, health camps for screening of overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Anaemia among Egyptian adolescents: prevalence and determinants

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1025
Author(s):  
F. El Sahn ◽  
S. Sallam ◽  
A. Mandif ◽  
O. Galal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Scale

We aimed to estimate the nationwide prevalence of anaemia among adolescents in Egypt and to study possible risk factors. A cross-sectional approach was used. Blood samples were collected from 1980 adolescents for haemoglobin estimation. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 46.6%, most of which was mild or moderate, with severe cases in less than 1.0% of the sample. Gender difference was almost nonexistent. A significant inverse relationship was observed between the level of anaemia and age [especially among boys], socioeconomic level and educational level. Anaemia was more prevalent in rural areas and in Upper [southern] Egypt. Anaemia is a major public health problem among Egyptian adolescents and wide-scale public health education is warranted.

scholarly journals Nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents: associated gender, environmental and socio-economic factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1306-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri ◽  
Habiba Ben Romdhane ◽  
Pierre Traissac ◽  
Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay ◽  
Francis Delpeuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents and associated factors.DesignA cross-sectional study based on a national stratified random cluster sample.Subjects and methodsIn all, 1295 boys and 1577 girls aged 15–19 years, of whom 28·4 % had already left school. Socio-economic characteristics of the parents, anthropometric measurements, food behaviours and physical activity of the adolescents were recorded during home visits.ResultsPrevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity (WHO/National Center for Health Statistics reference) were, respectively, 8·1 %, 17·4 % and 4·1 % among boys and 1·3 %, 20·7 % and 4·4 % among girls; abdominal obesity was highly prevalent among both sexes. Prevalence of overweight differed by region (from 11·5 % to 22·2 %) and was higher in urban v. rural areas for males (21·7 % v. 10·4 %) but not for females (21·7 % v. 19·2 %). These differences were partially mediated by socio-economic and lifestyle factors for males. For females, influence of cultural factors is hypothesised. In rural areas, overweight was more prevalent among boys of higher economic level households, having a working mother or a sedentary lifestyle; for girls, prevalence increased with the level of education of the mother. In urban areas, prevalence of overweight was related to eating habits: it was higher for boys with irregular snacking habits and for girls skipping daily meals. Urban girls having left school were also more overweight.ConclusionOverweight and abdominal obesity in late adolescence have become a true public health problem in Tunisia with the combined effects of cultural tradition for girls in rural areas, and of rapid economic development for boys and girls in cities.

scholarly journals Thinness as Major Underlying Problem Among Adolescents of Northeast India

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
S Model ◽  
Model Approach

Background: Undernutrition is a major public health concern in many of the developing countries of Asia. Due to immense population size, socioeconomic disparities, illiteracy and inadequate access to health facilities prevalence is very high in India. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of age-sex specific thinness (low BMI-for-age) among adolescents residing in rural regions in India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study has conducted among 1165 adolescent (602 boys; 563 girls) aged 10-18 years of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. Anthropometric measurements were height and weight obtained and BMI (weight/height2, kg/ m2) was calculated. The prevalence of thinness was assessed using newly proposed age-sex specific cut-offs of Cole et al. The data were analyzed using chi-square, ANOVA and Least Mean and Square (L,M and S) model approach. Results: Prevalence of overall thinness is 49.10% (51.16% boys, 46.89% girls) among rural adolescents. The boys are found to be more sufferer than girls in the different thinness grades include mild (grade I; 27.41% vs. 27.11%), moderate (grade II; 14.62% vs. 12.08%) and severe (grade III; 9.14% vs. 8.70%) (p>0.05). The age and sex specific smooth percentile curves of BMI were derived using L,M and S model approach for further evaluation of nutritional status. Conclusion: The existence of high prevalence of thinness among adolescents indicates nutritional deprivation among rural Indian adolescents. There is an urgent need of appropriate nutritional intervention program to address the public health problem related to undernutrition especially among nutritionally vulnerable segments of adolescents residing in rural regions to ameliorate the nutritional status DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i1.8922    J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(1):39-47

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of overweight and obesity in school going adolescents and its association with socio-demographic factors in Lucknow district

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3792
Author(s):  
Sudhanshu Mishra ◽  
Pratibha Gupta ◽  
Mrinal Ranjan Srivastava ◽  
Beena Sachan ◽  
Zeashan Haider Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. Obesity has become a global public health issue and is widely recognized as a key risk factor for coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and many other health problems. The objectives of present study were to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its association with socio-demographic factors amongst school-going adolescents in Lucknow district.Methods: This study was a school-based cross-sectional study and was carried out in urban and rural areas of Lucknow, from January 2018 to June 2018. Sample size was 620. A multi-stage random sampling technique has been used to select the required sample size. Data analysis was done using software MS Office excel and SPSS 18 for windows.Results: A total of 620 adolescents were studied. Majority (82.1%) of adolescents were found to be non-overweight/obese while 17.9% were found to be overweight/obese. Majority (66.7%) of students were overweight or obese, belonging to social class I while only 15.7% students were overweight or obese belonging to social class V.Conclusions: The results of our study show that overweight/obesity continues to be a public health concern in adolescents. The current study shows that adolescent overweight and obesity are increasing even in low socio-economic status. Emphasis should be placed on awareness program for obesity prevention among school students by strengthening lifestyle change.

scholarly journals Overweight and Obesity Coexist with Thinness among Lao’s Urban Area Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Katiya Ivanovitch ◽  
Sonemany Keolangsy ◽  
Nontiya Homkham
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Chi Squared

Introduction. In recent decades, the developing countries of Southeast Asia, including the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), have experienced a rapid growth of their urban population. Partly as a result of that, issues of undernutrition and overnutrition became a significant public health problem. Objective. To examine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their related factors, among the school-attending adolescents in the Lao capital of Vientiane. Methods. A cross-sectional data on 300 adolescents aged 15–19 were collected during the months of March, April, and May 2018 by means of a self-administrated questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were used to obtain data on height and weight. Pearson’s chi-squared test, Fisher exact tests, and univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were applied in the course of the statistical analysis. Results. The study found a high prevalence of overweight/obesity (23.3%) and thinness (10.3%). Poor eating habits were noted in 67.0% of adolescents, even though 78.0% of them had a good knowledge of nutrition. Factors significantly associated with the overweight/obesity were low physical activities (aOR = 18.3; 95% CI: 5.51–60.66) and adolescents living with their guardians (aOR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.08–0.79). Results also indicated that, in 47.3% of the cases, teachers, acting as a source of health and nutrition information, can prevent the risk of adolescents’ overweight/obesity (aOR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.11–3.80) but not their thinness (aOR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.17–0.88). Conclusions. Laotian adolescents are facing the spectrum of malnutrition in urban areas. To improve adolescents’ nutritional status, there is a need for a collaborative approach of public health agencies that would address the issues of an effective food and nutrition policy. The school curricula should also include programs on nutrition and physical education.

scholarly journals Factors associated with childhood overweight and obesity in Uganda: a national survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quraish Sserwanja ◽  
Linet M. Mutisya ◽  
Emmanuel Olal ◽  
Milton W. Musaba ◽  
David Mukunya
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Background Childhood obesity is an emerging public health problem globally. Although previously a problem of high-income countries, overweight and obesity is on the rise in low- and middle-income countries. This paper explores the factors associated with childhood obesity and overweight in Uganda using data from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) of 2016. Methods We used Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) 2016 data of 4338 children less than 5 years. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants and data were collected using validated questionnaires. Overweight and obesity were combined as the primary outcome. Children whose BMI z score was over two were considered as overweight while those with a BMI z score greater than three were considered as obese. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with obesity and overweight among children under 5 years of age in Uganda. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 5.0% (217/4338) (95% CI: 4.3–5.6), with overweight at 3.9% (168/4338: 95% CI: 3.2–4.3) and obesity at 1.1% (49/4338: 95% CI: 0.8–1.5). Mother’s nutritional status, sex of the child, and child’s age were associated with childhood obesity and overweight. Boys were more likely to be overweight or obese (aOR = 1.81; 95% CI 1.24 to 2.64) compared to girls. Children who were younger (36 months and below) and those with mothers who were overweight or obese were more likely to have obesity or overweight compared to those aged 49–59 months and those with underweight mothers respectively. Children from the western region were more likely to be overweight or obese compared to those that were from the North. Conclusion The present study showed male sex, older age of the children, nutritional status of the mothers and region of residence were associated with obesity and overweight among children under 5 years of age.

scholarly journals Snakebites in the Mato Grosso state, Brazil: from 2007 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Reis Silva ◽  
Márcia Carolina De Siqueira Paese ◽  
Pâmela Alegranci
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
Central Tendency ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Notification System

Snakebites are considered a serious public health problem due to its incidence and severity; in 2017 it was considered a neglected tropical disease. Mato Grosso state have a large territorial extension, composed by a tropical forest and semi-humid climate, and this could contributed for accidents with snakes, principally in rural areas. Regarding the state, epidemiological studies of accidents with snakes are scarce, so the present study aimed to evaluate the clinical-epidemiological aspects of snakebites in Mato Grosso state from 2007 to 2019. It was a retrospective descriptive study with data obtained from the Health Information Notification System (SINAN). In the analyzed period, there were 13,754 cases of snakebites, 90.77% were caused by Bothrops genus. The profile of individuals were male with age from 20 to 59 years old. The time that had elapsed between the accident and care being administered in 66.19% of the cases was up to 3 hours, the cases were considered mild or moderated (86.76%) with 89.25% evolution to cure. The incidence rate varied from 41.2 (in 2010) to 25.4 (in 2018) cases per 100,000 inhabitants with a central tendency to reduction of the cases over the years, and according to the macro-regions were observed higher incidences in East. Future investigations are necessary to explain the variation of incidence according to the macro-regions of Mato Grosso state.

scholarly journals Decreased prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia and stabilisation of obesity trends in 5-year-old children: possible effects of changed public health policies

2014 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Sedej ◽  
Primož Kotnik ◽  
Magdalena Avbelj Stefanija ◽  
Urh Grošelj ◽  
Andreja Širca Čampa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Obesity Trends ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundOverweight/obesity in children is a worldwide public health problem. Together with hypercholesterolaemia they are associated with early atherosclerotic complications.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to investigate the anthropometric characteristics and total cholesterol (TC) levels in a population of 5-year-old children, to determine trends in the prevalence of overweight/obesity and hypercholesterolaemia in 5-year-old children over a period of 8 years (2001–2009) and to assess the impact of modified national nutritional guidelines for kindergartens implemented in 2005.DesignCross-sectional studies of overweight/obesity prevalence in the years 2001, 2003–2005 and 2009, and hypercholesterolaemia in years 2001 and 2009, in 5-year-old children.SubjectsAltogether, 12 832 (6308 girls/6524 boys) children were included.MethodsOverweight/obesity was defined by IOTF criteria. Hypercholesterolaemia was defined by TC level >5 mmol/l. Multivariable logistic regression models were used.ResultsNo correlation between BMI values and TC levels was found. Overweight and obesity prevalence were stabilised from 2001 to 2009 (odds ratio (OR) (95% CI): 1.13 (0.99–1.3) and 1.13 (0.89–1.42) respectively). Girls were more frequently overweight/obese than boys (OR (95% CI): 0.71 (0.65–0.79) and 0.75 (0.64–0.89) respectively). Prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia significantly decreased from 2001 to 2009 (OR (95% CI): 0.47 (0.41–0.55)). It was less frequent in boys than in girls (OR (95% CI): O.7 (0.61–0.8)).ConclusionsThis is the first study to describe a negative trend in the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia in pre-pubertal children. In addition, the prevalence of overweight/obesity in these children has been stabilised. Nationwide changes in public health policies could have influenced these observations.

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