scholarly journals A Novel Parabolic Trough Concentrating Solar Heating for Cut Tobacco Drying System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Tao Liu ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Qiong Fen Yu ◽  
De Li Ling
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Cut Tobacco ◽  
Opening Width

A novel parabolic trough concentrating solar heating for cut tobacco drying system was established. The opening width effect of V type metal cavity absorber was investigated. A cut tobacco drying mathematical model calculated by fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical solution method was used to simulate the cut tobacco drying process. And finally the orthogonal test method was used to optimize the parameters of cut tobacco drying process. The result shows that the heating rate, acquisition factor, and collector system efficiency increase with increasing the opening width of the absorber. The simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data for cut tobacco drying process. The relative errors between simulated and experimental values are less than 8%, indicating that this mathematical model is accurate for the cut tobacco airflow drying process. The optimum preparation conditions are an inlet airflow velocity of 15 m/s, an initial cut tobacco moisture content of 26%, and an inlet airflow temperature of 200°C. The thermal efficiency of the dryer and the final cut tobacco moisture content are 66.32% and 14.15%, respectively. The result shows that this parabolic trough concentrating solar heating will be one of the heat recourse candidates for cut tobacco drying system.

Study on Drying Characteristics of Microalgae under Different Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 296-299
Author(s):  
Chun Xiang Chen ◽  
Xiao Qian Ma ◽  
Xiao Cong Li ◽  
Wei Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Two Stages

To find out an alternative of coal saving, a kind of microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) which is widespread in fresh water was studied by digital blast drying system. The effect of the moisture content, drying thickness and temperature on the drying process of C. vulgaris were investigated. The results indicated that when the drying temperature is high, the moisture content is low and the material thickness is small, the drying time is short. The drying process of C.vulgaris can be divided into two stages, and the mass loss is mainly occurred in the second stage . The results will provide guidance for design of drying process and dryer of microalgae.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model for Solar Drying of Grains

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
A. O. Fagunwa ◽  
O. A. Aregbesola ◽  
M. O. Faborode
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Complex Procedure ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Complex Phenomena

Mathematical modeling of drying process is a complex procedure that should be carefully done. Moreso, model for solar drying, which is a unique method of drying due to constant fluctuation in the climatic conditions, requires complete integration of the complex phenomena that are involved for accurate prediction of moisture content and drying rate. A mathematical model was developed from heat and mass balance equation considering the physical and thermal properties of the grain, meteorological factors and convective heat transfer during solar drying of grains. The data obtained from the model was compared with experimental results obtained using a solar dryer to dry five selected grains – cowpea, soyabean, groundnut, maize and sorghum at airflow rates of 0.22 m/s, 0.76 m/s and 0.94 m/s. The results from statistical analysis and regression analyses used to compare the results showed that the model is adequate in predicting the moisture content and drying rate of the selected grains as well as other agricultural products with closer physical and thermal properties.

scholarly journals Intelligent Control in the Application of a Rotary Dryer for Reduction in the Over-Drying of Cut Tobacco

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8205
Author(s):  
Shunpeng Pang ◽  
Junhua Jia ◽  
Xiangqian Ding ◽  
Shusong Yu ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Rotary Dryer ◽  
Moisture Content Level ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Cut Tobacco ◽  
Rotary Drying ◽  
Unit Performance

The drying process is fundamental for cut tobacco processing. However, there are some problems related to the drying process such as overheating, or inconsistent control of moisture content. This paper shows how an intelligent controller is designed for an industrial rotary drying system. This controller is applied to a tobacco production unit to reduce overdried cut tobacco and improve the overall unit performance. The proposed control system aims to keep the content of moisture at the dryer outlet as close as possible to the optimal value and improve the homogeneity of the product without any operator intervention. The study shows that, if a reduction of humidity in the cut tobacco drying process is achieved using AI, the quality of the final product improves. In particular, if compared to regulatory control, the proposed method constantly monitors and adjusts the moisture content level in order to reduce the amount of overdried product. The findings of this paper indicate that the suggested process can save at least 222.2 kg of cut tobacco for each batch in the first stage of the drying process.

scholarly journals Application of Artificial Neural Network for Prediction of Key Indexes of Corn Industrial Drying by Considering the Ambient Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Chengjie Li ◽  
Junying Huang ◽  
Changyou Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Prediction Performance ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Artificial Neural

Uncontrollable ambient conditions are the main factors limiting the self-adaption control of an industrial drying system. To achieve the goal of accurate control of the drying process, the influence of the ambient conditions on the drying behavior should be taken into consideration when modeling the drying process. Present work introduced an industrial drying system with a loading capacity of 50 t, two artificial neural network prediction models with (IANN) and without (OANN) considering the ambient conditions were established using artificial neural network modeling approach. The ambient conditions on the moisture content (MC), exergy efficiency of the heat exchanger (ηex,h) and specific recovered radiant energy (Er) of the drying process were also investigated. The results showed that the ηex,h and Er increase with the increase of ambient temperature while the drying time decrease with the increase of the ambient temperature. The IANN model has a better prediction performance that that of OANN model. An optimal architecture of 9-2-12-3 artificial neuron network model was developed and the best prediction performance of the artificial neural network (ANN) model were found at a training epoch number of 30, and a momentum coefficient of 0.4, where the coefficient of determination of moisture content, exergy efficiency of heat exchanger, and the specific recovered radiant energy, respectively are 0.998, 0.992, and 0.980, indicating that the model has an excellent prediction performance and can be used in engineering practice.

Non-Deterministic Description of Wood Radio Frequency Vacuum Drying

Holzforschung ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Elustondo ◽  
A. Koumoutsakos ◽  
S. Avramidis
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Stochastic Parameters ◽  
Deterministic Description

Summary A numerical method is proposed to predict the stochastic dispersion of data that unavoidably occurs in a real drying process. The method is based on the use of discrete frequency distribution curves to predict a random variation on some parameters of the process and is applied to the case of radio frequency vacuum (RFV) drying of wood. Experimental data of RFV drying of western hemlock timbers were used to obtain the numeric values of the stochastic parameters and their standard deviation. A mathematical model was designed to simulate the final moisture content dispersion on hypothetical examples. Results were quantified using three indices: average, range and standard deviation.

Study Based on Piecewise Drying Process of Corn Seed Multi-Purpose Drying System

2013 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Yun Zhao ◽  
Zeng Lu Shi ◽  
Yan Jing Li ◽  
Zheng Yang ◽  
Li Juan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Wet Storage ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Processing Properties

In order to improve the processing properties of corn ear and the utilization of drying equipment, and reduce energy waste, a set of multi-purpose drying systems which using the piecewise drying process was designed. It was divided into dry storage and wet storage according to the different moisture content of corn seed .The wet storage worked with minor-cycles drying, and the dry warehouse worked with a large circular drying. The corn ear was unloaded and delivered to threshing area for threshing operations when its moisture content reached 18%, then dried to safe storage moisture. Experiments show that the system could dry maize ear in short time, the piecewise drying process can reduce energy consumption and production costs 20% to 30%, and improve the average precipitation rates 4.2% compares with the traditional drying process. Meanwhile, the rate of seed crushing is decreased 1% to 1.5%.

scholarly journals Model Matematis Hubungan antara Kadar Air Akhir Bahan dengan Variabel Proses Pengeringan pada Pneumatic Conveying Recirculated Dryer

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Abadi Jading ◽  
Nursigit Bintoro ◽  
Lilik Sutiarso ◽  
Joko Nugroho Wahyu Karyadi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Pneumatic Conveying ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Vertical Pipe ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Relationship

Flour drying could be conducted by using pneumatic conveying dryer (PCD) or flash dryer, but generally it is required a high vertical pipe. The high of vertical pipe may be replaced with a recirculation process to produce a required final moisture content of the material. This study had designed pneumatic conveying recirculated dryer (PCRD) to dryi of wet sago starch. Later, the design was used to determine a mathematical model of the relationship between the variables of drying process with final moisture content of the material. The purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model of the relationship between the final moisture content of wet sago starch  with variables drying process and recirculation continuously in the pneumatic conveying recirculated dryer (PCRD) using dimensional analysis. Buckingham Phi Theorem methods of dimensional analysis was used to find the relationship variables that affect the final moisture content of wet sago starch on the PCRD machine. The mathematical model generated in this study is      The coefficient of determination (R2) of the mathematical model was 0.948, or 94.8 %, indicated that the model was valid to predict the final moisture content of wet sago starch in designing PCRD machines. While the sensitivity of the test results showed that the dimensionless product of the most influential are , , and . The model was applicable for drying wet sago starch or other starch material which is similat to the physical properties of wet sago starch. ABSTRAKPengeringan bahan-bahan tepung dapat dilakukan dengan pneumatic conveying dryer (PCD) atau flash dryer, namun umumnya memerlukan pipa vertikal yang cukup tinggi. Pipa vertikal yang tinggi dapat diganti dengan proses resirkulasi untuk menghasilkan kadar air akhir bahan yang disyaratkan. Pada penelitian ini telah dirancang pneumatic conveying recirculated dryer (PCRD) untuk mengeringkan pati sagu basah, serta dicari model hubungan matematis antara variabel-variabel proses pengeringan dengan kadar air akhir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan model matematis hubungan antara kadar air akhir pati sagu basah dengan variabel-variabel proses pengeringan resirkulasi secara kontinyu pada pneumatic conveying recirculated dryer (PCRD) menggunakan analisis dimensi. Metode Buckingham Phi Theorem dalam analisis dimensi digunakan untuk mencari hubungan variabel-variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap kadar air akhir pati sagu basah pada mesin PCRD. Model matematis yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini adalah      Nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) dari model matematis tersebut adalah 0,948 atau 94,8 %, menunjukkan bahwa model tersebut valid digunakan untuk memprediksi kadar air akhir pati sagu basah dalam merancang mesin PCRD. Sedangkan hasil uji sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa dimensionless product yang paling berpengaruh adalah , , dan . Model tersebut berlaku untuk pengeringan pati sagu basah atau bahan-bahan tepung lainnya yang sifat fisiknya identik dengan pati sagu basah.

scholarly journals Intermittence periods in corn seed drying process

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael de Oliveira Vergara ◽  
André Fernandes Capilheira ◽  
Gizele Ingrid Gadotti ◽  
Francisco Amaral Villela
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Drying System

Abstract: The high quality is a factor that must be assured in a corn seed production system. In order to achieve this, seeds are harvested with high moisture content, and then artificially dried. However, the costs of this operation are high and may reduce the profits. The objective of the present study was to evaluate, through the physiological quality, the possibility of using intermittence periods for drying corn seeds on the cob in a stationary system. The seeds were harvested on the cob, close to the physiological maturity stage, with an average moisture content of 35%. The treatments consisted of four periods of intermittence (3, 6 and 9 hours) and one period without intermittence. The seeds were stored for six months. To evaluate the physiological quality of the seeds, germination, first germination, electrical conductivity, and the cold tests were performed. The experimental design was completely randomized, in split plots. In a stationary drying system, periods of intermittence of up to 6 hours per day helped to preserve the physiological quality of the corn seeds. The use of intermittence periods in the drying process provides corn seeds with higher physiological quality and greater storage potential, in comparison with the continuous drying.

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