scholarly journals Cationic Bioactive Peptide from the Seeds of Benincasa hispida

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunayana Sharma ◽  
Hirday Narain Verma ◽  
Nilesh Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Bioactive Peptide ◽  
Benincasa Hispida

A designated bioactive peptide “Hispidalin” purified from the seeds of Benincasa hispida, which is a medicinal plant, belongs to Cucurbitaceae family. Purification was achieved by using a procedure consisting of extraction from potassium phosphate buffer followed by FPLC and HPLC steps. Based on amino acid residue, this peptide is amphipathic and basic with one net positive charge having isoelectric pH 8.1. This peptide is without sulphur containing amino acid suggesting its extended conformation lacking double bond secondary structure. The results obtained from MALDI-TOF suggested that Hispidalin is of molecular mass 5.7 KDa with 49 amino acid residues and confirmed SDS-PAGE resolved ∼6.0 KDa protein band. This novel and unknown peptide “Hispidalin” showed broad and potent inhibitory effects against various human bacterial and fungal pathogens; its growth inhibition was significantly comparable with commercial antibacterial and antifungal drugs. The Hispidalin at 40 μg/mL concentration exhibited 70.8% DPPH free radical-scavenging activity and 69.5% lipid peroxide inhibition. Thus, in the present study, Hispidalin demonstrated remarkable antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials from the seeds of B. hispida.

scholarly journals The Role of an Acidic Peptide in Controlling the Oxidation Process of Walnut Oil

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Yu Jie ◽  
Hongfei Zhao ◽  
Bolin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Acidic Amino Acid ◽  
Walnut Oil

Here, the mechanism of action of an antioxidant peptide rich in acidic amino acid residues in controlling lipid oxidation is discussed. Firstly, in the presence of this peptide, the fluorescence intensity of lipid peroxide in samples of walnut oil was very low, indicating that the peptide prevented the formation of lipid peroxides. Secondly, the production of lipid-derived radicals of oil was reduced by 23% following addition of the anti-oxidative peptide. Thirdly, Raman shifts of the lipid with the anti-oxidative peptide showed that acidic amino acid residues of the peptide were involved in delaying lipid oxidation. Finally, seven peptide inhibitors were synthesized with variations to the amino acid sequence of the original peptide, and Glu–Asp was proven to enhance the peptide’s superoxide anion radical scavenging activity and decrease the formation of linoleic acid peroxides. Our findings emphasize the potential value of acidic amino acid residues in protecting unsaturated fatty acids from oxidation.

scholarly journals Changes in Amino Acid Profiles and Bioactive Compounds of Thai Silk Cocoons as Affected by Water Extraction

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Chuleeporn Bungthong ◽  
Sirithon Siriamornpun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Silk Protein ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Silk Cocoon ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles

Silk proteins have many advantageous components including proteins and pigments. The proteins—sericin and fibroin—have been widely studied for medical applications due to their good physiochemical properties and biological activities. Various strains of cocoon display different compositions such as amino-acid profiles and levels of antioxidant activity. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to find a suitable silk protein extraction method to obtain products with chemical and biological properties suitable as functional foods in two strains of Bombyx mori silk cocoon (Nangsew strains; yellow cocoon) and Samia ricini silk cocoon (Eri strains; white cocoon) extracted by water at 100 °C for 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. The results showed that Nangsew strains extracted for 6 h contained the highest amounts of protein, amino acids, total phenolics (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC), plus DPPH radical-scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), anti-glycation, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition. The longer extraction time produced higher concentrations of amino acids, contributing to sweet and umami tastes in both silk strains. It seemed that the bitterness decreased as the extraction time increased, resulting in improvements in the sweetness and umami of silk-protein extracts.

scholarly journals Assessment of antioxidant properties of membrane ultrafiltration peptides from mungbean meal protein hydrolysates

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanikan Sonklin ◽  
Natta Laohakunjit ◽  
Orapin Kerdchoechuen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Peptide Chain ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Background Bioactive peptides can prevent damage associated with oxidative stress in humans when consumed regularly. Recently, peptides have attracted immense interest because of their beneficial functional properties, safety and little or no side effects when used at high concentration. Most antioxidant peptides are small in size, less than 1 kDa, and contains a high proportion of hydrophobic amino acid. Particularly, tyrosine, leucine, alanine, isoleucine, valine, lysine, phenyalanine, cysteine, methionine and histidine in peptide chain exhibited high antioxidant activity. Mungbean meal protein (MMP) is highly abundant in hydrophobic amino acids. It indicated that MMP might be a good source of antioxidants. Therefore, the objectives were to optimize the conditions used to generate mungbean meal protein hydrolysate (MMPH) with antioxidant activity from bromelain and to investigate the antioxidant activities of different molecular weight (MW) peptide fraction. Methods Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for screening of the optimal conditions to produce MMPH. After that MMPH was fractionated using ultrafiltration membranes with different MW distributions. Crude-MMPH and four fractions were investigated for five antioxidant activities: 2,2,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, superoxide, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and metal ion chelation activity. Results The optimal condition to produce the MMPH was 15% (w/w) of bromelain and hydrolysis time for 12 h which showed the greatest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. After mungbean protein from optimal condition was separated based on different molecular weight, the DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest for the F4 (less than 1 kDa) peptide fraction. Metal ion chelating activity was generally weak, except for the F4 that had a value of 43.94% at a protein concentration of 5 mg/mL. The F4 also exhibited high hydroxyl and superoxide activities (54 and 65.1%), but moderate activity for ferric reducing antioxidant power (0.102 mmole Fe2+/g protein) compared to other peptide fractions and crude-MMPH. Molecular weight and amino acid were the main factors that determined the antioxidant activities of these peptide fractions. Results indicated that F4 had strong antioxidant potentials. Discussion The lowest MW fraction (less than 1 kDa) contributed to the highest DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl and metal chelation activity because influence of low MW and high content of hydrophobic amino acid in peptide chain. Results from this study indicated that MMPH peptides donate protons to free radicals because they had significantly high DPPH value compared to superoxide, hydroxyl and FRAP, which reactions were electron donation. Moreover, MMPH peptides had the ability to inhibit transition metal ions because of highly abundant glutamic acid and aspartic acid in peptide chain.

scholarly journals Structure and Function of Mung Bean Protein-Derived Iron-Binding Antioxidant Peptides

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1406
Author(s):  
Siriporn Chunkao ◽  
Wirote Youravong ◽  
Chutha T. Yupanqui ◽  
Adeola M. Alashi ◽  
Rotimi E. Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Bean Protein

An iron-binding mung bean protein hydrolysate (MBPH) was prepared using a continuous enzymatic membrane reactor followed by peptide separation on anion-exchange (AEC) and reverse-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) columns. Amino acid sequences of peptides present in the RP-HPLC fraction with the strongest iron-binding capacity were identified using mass spectrometry, and ten peptides of 5–8 amino acids synthesized for antioxidant characterization. Five fractions (AF1– AF5) with higher iron-binding capacity (88.86 ± 6.43 to 153.59 ± 2.18 mg/g peptide) when compared to the MBPH (36.81 ± 0.93 mg/g peptide) were obtained from AEC. PAIDL had the significantly (p < 0.05) highest iron-binding capacity, but LLLLG and LLGIL showed the strongest metal chelating activity. However, PAIDL (46.63%) and LLGIL (81.27%) had significantly (p < 0.05) better DPPH radical scavenging activity than the other peptides. PAIDL and LLGIL were also the most effective (p < 0.05) hydroxyl radical neutralizers with an effective concentration that scavenged 50% (EC50) values of 0.09 and 0.37 mM, respectively. PAIDL and AIVIL showed the lowest EC50 values of 0.07 mM each for superoxide radical scavenging activity. We conclude that short chain length in combination with leucine as the C-terminal amino acid residue contributed to the strong antioxidant properties of peptides in this study.

Scutellaria baicalensis Enhances the Anti-Diabetic Activity of Metformin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 517-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viduranga Y. Waisundara ◽  
Annie Hsu ◽  
Dejian Huang ◽  
Benny Kwong-Huat Tan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Pancreatic Insulin

Oxidative stress is the root cause of diabetic macro- and microvascular complications. Biochemical and epidemiological studies indicate that current treatments for diabetes do not reduce risks of developing complications, suggesting their inability to alleviate the levels of oxidative stress. This study in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was carried out to investigate the effect of combining the antidiabetic drug, metformin, with an ethanolic extract of Scutellaria baicalensis, a plant whose root is known for its radical scavenging activity. Three groups of STZ-induced diabetic rats were given the following treatments for 30 days: (1) metformin 500 mg/kg, (2) S. baicalensis 400 mg/kg, (3) metformin 500 mg/kg + S. baicalensis extract 400 mg/kg. In addition, vehicle-treated diabetic and nondiabetic controls were used in the experiment. The rats treated with S. baicalensis and metformin + S. baicalensis had elevated hepatic activities of the antioxidant enzymes — superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) compared to the vehicle- and metformin-treated diabetic groups ( p < 0.05). Plasma and hepatic lipid peroxide concentrations in the herb-treated and herb + metformin-treated groups were also significantly reduced ( p < 0.05). In addition, the combined treatment caused significant elevations of plasma and pancreatic insulin levels and reductions of plasma and hepatic triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol levels. The study thus showed that S. baicalensis enhanced the antidiabetic effect of metformin in STZ-induced diabetic rats by improving the antioxidant status. It also increased pancreatic insulin content as well as improved the lipid profile in these rats.

scholarly journals Rice Germosprout Extract Protects Erythrocytes from Hemolysis and the Aorta, Brain, Heart, and Liver Tissues from Oxidative StressIn Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahdat Hossain ◽  
Sujan Bhowmick ◽  
Marzan Sarkar ◽  
Mehedi Hassan ◽  
Jakir Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Tissue Homogenates ◽  
Antioxidative Effects ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

Identifying dietary alternatives for artificial antioxidants capable of boosting antihemolytic and antioxidative defense has been an important endeavor in improving human health. In the present study, we studied antihemolytic and antioxidative effects of germosprout (i.e., the germ part along with sprouted stems plus roots) extract prepared from the pregerminated rice. The extract contained considerable amounts of antioxidantβ-carotene (414±12 ng/g of extract) and phytochemicals such as total polyphenols (12.0±1.1 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract) and flavonoids (11.0±1.4 mg catechin equivalent/g of extract). The antioxidant potential of the extract was assessed by its DPPH- (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-) free radical scavenging activity where we observed that germosprout extract had considerable antioxidative potentials. To evaluate antihemolytic effect of the extract, freshly prepared erythrocytes were incubated with either peroxynitrite or Fenton’s reagent in the absence or presence of the extract. We observed that erythrocytes pretreated with the extract exhibited reduced degree ofin vitrohemolysis. To support the proposition that germosprout extract could act as a good antioxidative agent, we also inducedin vitrooxidative stress in erythrocyte membranes and in the aorta, brain, heart, and liver tissue homogenates in the presence of the extract. As expected, germosprout extract decreased oxidative stress almost to the same extent as that of vitamin E, as measured by lipid peroxide levels, in all the mentioned tissues. We conclude that rice germosprout extract could be a good natural source of antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress-induced hemolysis and damage of blood vessels and other tissues.

Bioactive Composition of Pig Laryngeal Cartilage Extracts and Their Free Radical-scavenging Activity

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang-li Xiong ◽  
Zheng-yu Jin ◽  
An-lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Laryngeal Cartilage ◽  
Hydroxyl Free Radical

This work focused on amino acid and mineral element analysis of pig laryngeal cartilage. Papain and DEAE-Sepharose fast flow ion exchange chromatography were used to hydrolyase cartilage and purify hydrolysate. Further study was performed to compare the free radical-scavenging activity of various fractions. Cartilage is abundant in bioactive amino acids such as glycine, glutamic acid and arginine and minerals such as calcium, magnesium and iron. Four polysaccahrides attached peptides and one peptide were isolated from hydrolysate. Weak 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl free radical scavenging activities of all substances were observed. Other fractions showed hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion free radical scavenging ability in a concentration-dependent manner except fraction A. The hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity of tested samples decreased in the following order: fraction C crude chondroitin sulphate (ChS) peptide fraction B semi-purified ChS purified ChS. Significant differences were observed between purified ChS and other fractions (P 0.01). For superoxide anion free radical the order was: peptide purified ChS semi-purified ChS crude ChS fraction C fraction B. The peptide was significantly higher than purified ChS (P 0.01), which was significantly higher than the other components (P 0.01). According to the results, polysaccharides, ChS, amino acid and peptide present in cartilage had important bioactivity.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity of Bioactive Peptide Fractions from Germinated Soybeans Conjugated to Fe3O4 Nanoparticles by the Ugi Multicomponent Reaction

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5726
Author(s):  
Yarelys Elena Augusto-Jimenez ◽  
Marcela González-Montoya ◽  
Dany Naranjo-Feliciano ◽  
Daniel Uribe-Ramírez ◽  
Eliseo Cristiani-Urbina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Bioactive Peptide ◽  
Peptide Fraction ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Peptide Fractions

The conjugation of biomolecules to magnetic nanoparticles has emerged as promising approach in biomedicine as the treatment of several diseases, such as cancer. In this study, conjugation of bioactive peptide fractions from germinated soybeans to magnetite nanoparticles was achieved. Different fractions of germinated soybean peptides (>10 kDa and 5–10 kDa) were for the first time conjugated to previously coated magnetite nanoparticles (with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and sodium citrate) by the Ugi four-component reaction. The crystallinity of the nanoparticles was corroborated by X-ray diffraction, while the particle size was determined by scanning transmission electron microscopy. The analyses were carried out using infrared and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and thermogravimetry, which confirmed the coating and functionalization of the magnetite nanoparticles and conjugation of different peptide fractions on their surfaces. The antioxidant activity of the conjugates was determined by the reducing power and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The nanoparticles synthesized represent promising materials, as they have found applications in bionanotechnology for enhanced treatment of diseases, such as cancer, due to a higher antioxidant capacity than that of fractions without conjugation. The highest antioxidant capacity was observed for a >10 kDa peptide fraction conjugated to the magnetite nanoparticles coated with APTES.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AMINO ACID PROFILE AND MICROBIAL QUALITY OF BEBONTOT, A BALINESE TRADITIONAL FERMENTED CHICKEN MEAT PRODUCTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Okarini I. A. ◽  
H. Purnomo ◽  
Aulanni'am . ◽  
L. E. Radiati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microbial Quality

Antioxidant activity, amino acids profile and microbial quality of raw bebontot of chicken meat of spent laying henwere investigated. The samples were prepared using meat dices (1.5 x 2.0 cm) mixed with fresh ground coriander,garlic, galangal, white pepper, salt, sugar and coconut oil then wrapped in Areca catechu palm dried sheaths andfinally fermented spontaneously by drying under the sun for 5 days. The results showed there was a decreasing inpH value, moisture content and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of final products, whileits total phenolic content was increasing. Glutamic acid was the most abundant amino acid in products after 5days fementation, followed by tyrosine, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine and histidine. The total plate count and lacticacid bacteria counts were decreasing to 9.39 log cfu/g and 8.98 log cfu/g; the Micrococcaceae was decreased to5.31 log cfu/g; the yeast and moulds counts were increased to 8.58 log cfu/g and 6.51 log cfu/g at the final stageof fermentation. It can be concluded that bebontot chicken meat in this study is a good source of natural phenolicantioxidant, and the present microorganisms will provide the source for the selection of strains well adapted to theenvironment and able to compete with contaminant bacteria.

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