scholarly journals A Hybrid Structural Health Monitoring System for the Detection and Localization of Damage in Composite Structures

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darun Barazanchy ◽  
Marcias Martinez ◽  
Bruno Rocha ◽  
Marko Yanishevsky
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Detection And Localization

A hybrid structural health monitoring (SHM) system, consisting of a piezoelectric transducer and fiber optic sensors (FOS) for generating and monitoring Lamb waves, was investigated to determine their potential for damage detection and localization in composite aerospace structures. As part of this study, the proposed hybrid SHM system, together with an in-house developed algorithm, was evaluated to detect and localize two types of damage: a through thickness damage (hole of 2 mm in diameter) and a surface damage (2 mm diameter bore hole with a depth of 0.65 mm) located on the backside of the plate. The experiments were performed using an aircraft representative composite plate skin, manufactured from carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP).

scholarly journals Assessment of embedded fiber Bragg gratings for structural health monitoring of composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Yeager ◽  
Michael Todd ◽  
William Gregory ◽  
Chris Key
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
System Level ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Reinforced Polymer

This work provides a system-level investigation into the use of embedded fiber Bragg grating optical sensors as a viable sensing architecture for the structural health monitoring of composite structures. The practical aspects of the embedding process are documented for both carbon fiber–reinforced polymer and glass fiber–reinforced polymer structures manufactured by both oven vacuum bag and vacuum-assisted resin transfer method processes. Initially, embedded specimens were subject to long-term water submersion to verify performance in an underwater environment. A larger, more complex jointed specimen was also fabricated with a fully embedded sensor network of fiber Bragg gratings and subjected to incrementally induced bearing damage. Using commercially available interrogation hardware, a damage detection structural health monitoring algorithm was developed and deployed. The results permit statistically precise detection of low levels of connection damage in the composite specimen.

A Strain Sensing Structural Health Monitoring System for Delaminated Composite Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 249-250 ◽  
pp. 849-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Alaimo ◽  
Alberto Milazzo ◽  
Calogero Orlando
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Monitoring Model ◽  
Element Approach

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) for composite materials is becoming a primary task due to their extended use in safety critical applications. Different methods, based on the use of piezoelectric transducers as well as of fiber optics, has been successfully proposed to detect and monitor damage in composite structural components with particular attention focused on delamination cracks.In the present paper a Structural Health Monitoring model, based on the use of piezoelectric sensors, already proposed by the authors for isotropic damaged components, is extended to delaminated composite structures. The dynamic behavior of the host damaged structure and the bonded piezoelectric sensors is modeled by means of a boundary element approach based on the Dual Reciprocity BEM. The sensitivity of the piezoelectric sensors has been studied by varying the delamination length characterizing the skin/stiffener debonding phenomenon of composite structures undergoing dynamic loads.

Structural Health Monitoring of Composite Structures Using Guided Lamb Waves

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 759-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnan Balasubramaniam ◽  
B.V. Soma Sekhar ◽  
J. Vishnu Vardan ◽  
C.V. Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Structural Health

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of aircrafts is of great relevance in the present age aircraft industry. The present study demonstrates three techniques that have the potential for the SHM of multi-layered composite structures. The first technique is based on multi-transmitter-multireceiver (MTMR) technique with tomographic methods used for data reconstruction. In the MTMR, the possibility of SHM using algebraic reconstruction techniques (ART) for tomographic imaging with Lamb wave data measured in realistic materials is examined. Defects (through holes and low velocity impact delaminations) were synthetic and have been chosen to simulate impact damage in composite plates. The second technique is a single-transmitter-multi-receiver (STMR) technique that is more compact and uses reconstruction techniques that are analogous to synthetic aperture techniques. The reconstruction algorithm uses summation of the phase shifted signals to image the location of defects, portions of the plate edges, and any reflectors from inherent structural features of the component. The third technique involves a linear array of sensors across a stiffener for the detection of disbanded regions.

A Novel Structural Health Monitoring System Using Surface Acoustic Sensor Network and Guided Lamb Waves

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhav Borate ◽  
Azam Thatte
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Impeller Blade ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Structural Health Monitoring System

Abstract This paper focuses on the development of a structural health monitoring system based on guided Lamb waves propagating over the structure and a network of surface acoustic sensors in communication at high frequencies. A time-of-flight (ToF), algorithm and a probabilistic diagnostic imaging and calibration method is developed to detect miniscule material losses or material adhesion as well as the defects like small scale holes and cracks in turbomachinery components like blades, rotors, plates and pipes. Using an advanced ToF algorithm, precise differences in timescales for arrival of symmetric / antisymmetric lamb wave packets are found for all possible combinations of actuator-sensor pairs. This leads to a deterministic mathematical construct for damage localization for various actuator-sensor pairs at focal points. In the probabilistic diagnostic imaging (PDI) method, field value is assigned based on fusion of wave signals rendered by various actuator-sensor paths to indicate the probability of the presence of a damage at a particular location on the structure. Correlation coefficients between healthy and damaged data for each of the actuator-sensor path is used to calculate the field value for each pixel on the structure. Damage calibration curve is developed by progressively increasing the damage and obtaining a magnitude of the probability density function of the severity of the damage. Proposed approach has been validated using experimental data for multiple damage cases on plates, internal surfaces of pipes and impeller blade to successfully detect submillimeter scale holes and cracks, material adhesion as well as rate of pipeline erosion and corrosion.

scholarly journals Structural Health Monitoring System Using Piezoelectric Networks with Tuned Lamb Waves

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 677-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Rocha ◽  
Carlos Silva ◽  
Afzal Suleman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Dispersion Curves ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Structural Health Monitoring System

The paper presents a structural health monitoring system based on propagation of tuned Lamb waves and their interference with discontinuities. The dispersion curves are studied to determine the appropriate type and dimension of transducers and to select the optimum scanning frequencies and relevant propagation modes. A piezoelectric sensor network was implemented in an aluminum plate in order to generate and to sense the wave propagation and associated reflections. The algorithm developed for damage detection relies on the comparison of undamaged and damaged responses of the structure. Combinations of filters and statistical methods were applied to detect differences in the sensor signals acquired for the two different states (damaged and undamaged), corresponding to damage reflections. In order to eliminate the false positives due to noise, a probability analysis is performed to obtain the final damage position. The software designed for the current application allows the automatic calculation of dispersion curves, it executes the scans, performs data processing, executes the detection algorithm and presents the probable damages and their positions in a graphical form. Experiments were performed with the introduction of cumulative damages in the plate such as surface and through-the-thickness holes and cuts, ranging from 7 mm to 1 mm in diameter. Additionally, a stringer was attached to the plate by a single rivet line to simulate an aircraft skin structure. Cuts originating from rivet holes and connecting adjacent rivets, as well as loosened rivets were detected by the system. The introduction of the stringer resulted in a loss of precision in the determination of the radial position of the damages near it. Also, the network revealed significant difficulties in the detection of damages beyond the stringer.

Application of structural health monitoring techniques to composite wing panels

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (25) ◽  
pp. 3515-3533
Author(s):  
Fulvio Romano ◽  
Monica Ciminello ◽  
Assunta Sorrentino ◽  
Umberto Mercurio
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Stiffened Panels ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Measurement Analysis ◽  
Composite Wing

This detailed study proposes a structural health monitoring system which enables the identification, localisation, and correct measurement analysis, in relation to the damage and debonding induced by low energy impacts within aircraft composite wing panels. The said system has been envisaged as an offline system which aims to be considered as a valid alternative method in relation to the current first two maintenance approach levels: visual inspection, which is to be followed if necessary by ultrasonic scanning techniques. The architecture includes two different technologies which act at different frequency ranges: high-frequency sensors/actuators piezoceramics and low-frequency distributed fiber optic sensors. Experimental and numerical results on small stiffened panels are illustrated in this study, where technological verification and validation have been assessed within a laboratory-controlled environment. In addition, the potential benefit by utilising such techniques within the design of the aircraft composite structures has also been illustrated; in comparison with the current aircraft composite structures, a higher weight saving and better performing structures is foreseen.

Smart self-sensing fiber-reinforced polymer sheet with woven carbon fiber line sensor for structural health monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Nariman Fouad ◽  
Mohamed A Saifeldeen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Polymer Sheet ◽  
Reinforced Polymer

With the development of technology to upgrade existing concrete structures using externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer composites, the properties that are inherent in fiber-reinforced polymer sheets, such as low bonding ductility between fiber-reinforced polymer and concrete, have been highlighted as presenting a challenge. This article presents a novel, smart, self-sensing fiber-reinforced polymer sheet, by hybridizing the fiber-reinforced polymer sheet with woven long-gauge carbon fiber line sensors, in order to monitor the macrostrain changes of the fiber-reinforced polymer sheet. To examine the behavior of the smart fiber-reinforced polymer sheet, a direct tensile test was carried out. The results clarified that the carbon fiber line sensor has a linear relationship with applied stress, and the woven carbon fiber line sensor can work homogeneously with the fiber-reinforced polymer sheet as one unit. A simply supported prestressed concrete beam, strengthened with the smart fiber-reinforced polymer sheet, was tested by means of a four points bending test. This test showed that the carbon fiber line sensor can distinctly detect the cracking load and the initial debonding between the fiber-reinforced polymer sheet and the concrete surface. This article demonstrated that the fabrication of smart fiber-reinforced polymer sheet-sensing structures for structural health monitoring would be beneficial.

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