scholarly journals Adhesion and Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells on Poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Kitakami ◽  
Makiko Aoki ◽  
Chikako Sato ◽  
Hiroshi Ishihata ◽  
Masaru Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Human Blood Cells ◽  
Initial Adhesion ◽  
Cell Source

Human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells obtained from extracted teeth are a potential cell source for tissue engineering. We previously reported that poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) is highly biocompatible with human blood cells. In this study, we investigated the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of PDL cells on PMEA and other types of polymers to design an appropriate scaffold for tissue engineering. PDL cells adhered and proliferated on all investigated polymer surfaces except for poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and poly[(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)-co-(n-butyl methacrylate)]. The initial adhesion of the PDL cells on PMEA was comparable with that on polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In addition, the PDL cells on PMEA spread well and exhibited proliferation behavior similar to that observed on PET. In contrast, platelets hardly adhered to PMEA. PMEA is therefore expected to be an excellent scaffold for tissue engineering and for culturing tissue-derived cells in a blood-rich environment.

Impact of nicotine on the interplay between human periodontal ligament cells and CD4+ T cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Ge ◽  
Ying-Feng Liu ◽  
Yong Wong ◽  
Li-Zheng Wu ◽  
Ling Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Nicotine Treatment ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
The Impact

Periodontitis is a common infectious disease associated with destruction of periodontal ligaments and alveolar bones. CD4+ T cell-mediated immune response is involved in the progression of periodontitis. Tobacco consumption increases the risk of periodontal disease. However, the impact of nicotine on the interaction between human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and CD4+ T cells remains unrevealed. Our study aims to investigate the effect of nicotine on PDL cells and the cocultured CD4+ T cells. The PDL cell cultures were established by explants from healthy individuals, exposed to nicotine or α-bungarotoxin (α-BTX), and incubated solely or in combination with CD4+ T cells. Afterwards, cell viability, secreted cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were evaluated. In monoculture of PDL cells, nicotine dramatically repressed cell viability and increased apoptosis. Meanwhile, α-BTX largely reversed the nicotine-induced apoptosis and increased viability of PDL cells. Compared with the monoculture, MMP-1, MMP-3, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-21 in supernatant of cocultures were markedly elevated after treatment with nicotine. Moreover, α-BTX significantly attenuated nicotine-triggered production of these components either in mono- or co-cultures. In addition, PDL cell-derived CXCL12 following nicotine treatment recruited CD4+ T cells. Above all, nicotine deteriorated periodontitis partially by promoting PDL cell–CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory response and matrix degradation.

Clodronate Inhibits PGE2 Production in Compressed Periodontal Ligament Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 757-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Liu ◽  
K. Igarashi ◽  
H. Kanzaki ◽  
M. Chiba ◽  
H. Shinoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Rankl Expression ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Striking Increase ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Cox 2

Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells play an essential role in orthodontic tooth movement. We recently reported that clodronate, a non-N-containing bisphosphonate, strongly inhibited tooth movement in rats, and thus could be a useful adjunct for orthodontic treatment. However, it is not clear how clodronate affects the responses of PDL cells to orthodontic force. In this study, we hypothesized that clodronate prevents the mechanical stress-induced production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and nitric oxide (NO) in human PDL cells. A compressive stimulus caused a striking increase in PGE2 production, while the responses of IL-1β and NO were less marked. Clodronate concentration-dependently inhibited the stress-induced production of PGE2. Clodronate also strongly inhibited stress-induced gene expression for COX-2 and RANKL. These results suggest that the inhibitory effects of clodronate on tooth movement and osteoclasts may be due, at least in part, to the inhibition of COX-2-dependent PGE2 production and RANKL expression in PDL cells.

Osteogenic Gene Expression by Human Periodontal Ligament Cells under Cyclic Tension

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (12) ◽  
pp. 1212-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Wescott ◽  
M.N. Pinkerton ◽  
B.J. Gaffey ◽  
K.T. Beggs ◽  
T.J. Milne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Array Technology ◽  
Osteogenic Gene Expression

The forces that orthodontic appliances apply to the teeth are transmitted through the periodontal ligament (PDL) to the supporting alveolar bone, leading to the deposition or resorption of bone, depending upon whether the tissues are exposed to a tensile or compressive mechanical strain. To evaluate the osteogenic potential of PDL cells, we applied a 12% uni-axial cyclic tensile strain to cultured human PDL cells and analyzed the differential expression of 78 genes implicated in osteoblast differentiation and bone metabolism by real-time RT-PCR array technology. Sixteen genes showed statistically significant changes in expression in response to alterations in their mechanical environment, including cell adhesion molecules and collagen fiber types. Genes linked to the osteoblast phenotype that were up-regulated included BMP2, BMP6, ALP, SOX9, MSX1, and VEGFA; those down-regulated included BMP4 and EGF. This study has expanded our knowledge of the transcriptional profile of PDL cells and identified several new mechanoresponsive genes.

Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase 3 Enhances Cytodifferentiation of Periodontal Ligament Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miyauchi ◽  
J. Kitagaki ◽  
R. Masumoto ◽  
A. Imai ◽  
K. Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Type I ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 3 ◽  
Pdl Cells

Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 ( Smpd3), which encodes neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2), is a key molecule for skeletal development as well as for the cytodifferentiation of odontoblasts and alveolar bone. However, the effects of nSMase2 on the cytodifferentiation of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are still unclear. In this study, the authors analyzed the effects of Smpd3 on the cytodifferentiation of human PDL (HPDL) cells. The authors found that Smpd3 increases the mRNA expression of calcification-related genes, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALPase), type I collagen, osteopontin, Osterix (Osx), and runt-related transcription factor (Runx)-2 in HPDL cells. In contrast, GW4869, an inhibitor of nSMase2, clearly decreased the mRNA expression of ALPase, type I collagen, and osteocalcin in HPDL cells, suggesting that Smpd3 enhances HPDL cytodifferentiation. Next, the authors used exome sequencing to evaluate the genetic variants of Smpd3 in a Japanese population with aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Among 44 unrelated subjects, the authors identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs145616324, in Smpd3 as a putative genetic variant for AgP among Japanese people. Moreover, Smpd3 harboring this SNP did not increase the sphingomyelinase activity or mRNA expression of ALPase, type I collagen, osteopontin, Osx, or Runx2, suggesting that this SNP inhibits Smpd3 such that it has no effect on the cytodifferentiation of HPDL cells. These data suggest that Smpd3 plays a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of PDL tissue.

Physiological features of periodontal regeneration and approaches for periodontal tissue engineering utilizing periodontal ligament cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Braga Benatti ◽  
Karina Gonzales Silvério ◽  
Márcio Zaffalon Casati ◽  
Enílson Antônio Sallum ◽  
Francisco Humberto Nociti
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Periodontal Tissue

Periodontal Tissue Engineering with a Multiphasic Construct and Cell Sheets

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 673-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vaquette ◽  
S. Saifzadeh ◽  
A. Farag ◽  
D.W. Hutmacher ◽  
S. Ivanovski
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Tissue Integration

This study reports on scaffold-based periodontal tissue engineering in a large preclinical animal model. A biphasic scaffold consisting of bone and periodontal ligament compartments manufactured by melt and solution electrospinning, respectively, was used for the delivery of in vitro matured cell sheets from 3 sources: gingival cells (GCs), bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (Bm-MSCs), and periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). The construct featured a 3-dimensional fibrous bone compartment with macroscopic pore size, while the periodontal compartment consisted of a flexible porous membrane for cell sheet delivery. The regenerative performance of the constructs was radiographically and histologically assessed in surgically created periodontal defects in sheep following 5 and 10 wk of healing. Histologic observation demonstrated that the constructs maintained their shape and volume throughout the entirety of the in vivo study and were well integrated with the surrounding tissue. There was also excellent tissue integration between the bone and periodontal ligament compartments as well as the tooth root interface, enabling the attachment of periodontal ligament fibers into newly formed cementum and bone. Bone coverage along the root surface increased between weeks 5 and 10 in the Bm-MSC and PDLC groups. At week 10, the micro–computed tomography results showed that the PDLC group had greater bone fill as compared with the empty scaffold, while the GC group had less bone than the 3 other groups (control, Bm-MSC, and PDLC). Periodontal regeneration, as measured by histologically verified new bone and cementum formation with obliquely inserted periodontal ligament fibers, increased between 5 and 10 wk for the empty, Bm-MSC, and PDLC groups, while the GC group was inferior to the Bm-MSC and PDLC groups at 10 wk. This study demonstrates that periodontal regeneration can be achieved via the utilization of a multiphasic construct, with Bm-MSCs and PDLCs obtaining superior results as compared with GC-derived cell sheets.

scholarly journals Effects of rhBMP-2 gene transfection to periodontal ligament cells on osteogenesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong-Xiang Jian ◽  
Quan-Shui Fan ◽  
Yong-He Hu ◽  
Yong He ◽  
Ming-Zhe Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
Gene Transfection ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Alp Activity ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
And Control

The present study aims to investigate the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on the osteogenesis of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. The expression vector of rhBMP-2 (pcDNA3.1-rhBMP-2) was established. PDL cells were obtained through the enzymatic digestion and tissue explant methods and verified by immunohistochemistry. Cells were classified into experimental (cells transfected with pcDNA3.1/rhBMP-2-EGFP), blank (cells with no transfection) and control group (cells transfected with empty plasmid). rhBMP-2 expression was assessed via Western blotting analysis. The mineralization ability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and level of related osteogenic biomarkers were detected to evaluate the osteogenic characteristics of PDL cells. The rhBMP-2 expression vector (pcDNA3.1-rhBMP-2) was successfully established. Primary PDL cells displayed a star or long, spindle shape. The cultured cells were long, spindle-shaped, had a plump cell body and homogeneous cytoplasm and the ellipse nucleus contained two or three nucleoli. Cells displayed a radial, sheaf-like or eddy-like arrangement after adherence growth. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that cells originated from mesenchymal opposed to epithelium. The experimental group exhibited an enhanced mineralization ability, higher ALP activity and increased expression of rhBMP-2 and osteogenic biomarkers (Runx2, collagen type I and osteocalcin) than the blank and control group. The present study demonstrated that rhBMP-2 transfection enhances the osteogenesis of PDL cells and provides a possibility for the application of rhBMP-2 expression products in dental disease treatment.

Influence of Storage Media Containing Salvia officinalis on Survival of Periodontal Ligament Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Ozan ◽  
Zübeyde Akin Polat ◽  
Bektaş Tepe ◽  
Kürşat Er
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Storage Medium ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Pdl Cells

Aim The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Salvia officinalis (S. officinalis) extracts to serve as a storage medium for the maintenance of periodontal ligament (PDL) cell viability of avulsed teeth. Methods and Materials PDL cells were obtained from healthy third molars and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM). Cultures were subjected to 4, 2.5, 1.5, and 0.5% S. officinalis solutions, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and tap water. Tissue culture plates were incubated with experimental media at 37°C for 1, 3, 6, 12 or 24 hours. PDL cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by the Tukey's test. The level of significance was 5% (p< 0.05). Results The results showed 2.5% S. officinalis was a more effective storage medium than the other experimental solutions (p<0.05). Only at 1 hour and 3 hours was there found similar effect between 2.5% S. officinalis and HBSS. At 24 hours, 2.5% S. officinalis was found to be significantly better than the other solutions tested. Conclusion S. officinalis can be recommended as a suitable transport medium for avulsed teeth. Clinical Significance The findings of this study support the use of S. officinalis as another option for clinicians to use to store and transport avulsed teeth until reimplantation procedures can be done. Citation Özan F, Polat ZA, Tepe B, Er K. Influence of Storage Media Containing Salvia officinalis on Survival of Periodontal Ligament Cells. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:017-024.

scholarly journals Effect of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Human Periodontal Ligament Cells for Dental and Periodontal Tissue Engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek El-Bialy ◽  
Adel Alhadlaq ◽  
Brian Lam
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Incident Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Pdl Cells ◽  
Ultrasound Application

The objective of this study was to investigate whether low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has anabolic effects on human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. The PDL cells were plated in 48-well plates and cultured at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air, in a humidified incubator until confluent. The cells were divided into three groups including control, 5 min and 10 min ultrasound application. The LIPUS was applied using a 2.5 transducer that produces an incident intensity of 30 mW/cm2 of the transducer's surface area. The results from the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) indicates that expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP),cyclin D1 (CYC), nucleostemin (NCT) were increased after four weeks of 10 minutes of daily ultrasound treatment. The increased ALP/DNA by LIPUS shows a time dependent pattern with the highest activity occurring after four weeks of treatment. These results demonstrate that LIPUS has an anabolic effect on PDL cells and suggest that LIPUS may enhance the pluripotent characteristics of PDL cells as indicated by the up-regulation of NCT, a stem marker. These results also may explain the potential role of LIPUS in periodontal tissue regeneration.

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