scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Cordymin, a Peptide Purified from the Medicinal MushroomCordyceps sinensis, on Diabetic Osteopenia in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Qi ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Ya-bo Yan ◽  
Wei Lei ◽  
Zi-xiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Diabetic Osteopenia

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of cordymin on diabetic osteopenia in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and the possible mechanisms involved. The diabetic rats received daily intraperitoneal injection with cordymin (20, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks. Cordymin could restore the circulating blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and insulin levels in a dose-dependent manner. Also, the treatment of diabetic rats with cordymin could partially reverse theβcells death and decrease the total antioxidant status (TAOS) in the diabetic rats. The results may directly and indirectly account for the possible mechanism of the beneficial effect of cordymin on diabetic osteopenia, which was confirmed with the increased bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in diabetic rats (P<0.05). All those findings indicate that cordymin may play a protective role in diabetic osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Protective effect ofGlycyrrhiza glabraroots extract on bone mineral density of ovariectomized rats

BioMedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Galanis ◽  
Konstantinos Soultanis ◽  
Pavlos Lelovas ◽  
Alexandros Zervas ◽  
Panagiotis Papadopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of the methanolic extract of plantGlycyrrhiza glabraroots on bone mineral density and femoral bone strength of ovariectomized rats.Methods: Thirty 10-month-old Wistar rats were randomly separated into three groups of ten, Control, Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza in their drinking water. Total and proximal tibial bone mineral density was measured in all groups before ovariectomy (baseline) and after 3 and 6 months post ovariectomy. Three-point-bending of the femurs and uterine weight and histology were examined at the end of the study.Results: No significant difference was noted in bone density percentage change of total tibia from baseline to 3 months between Control and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza groups (+5.31% ± 4.75 and +3.30% ± 6.31 respectively,P = non significant), and of proximal tibia accordingly (+5.58% ± 6.92 and +2.61% ± 13.62,P = non significant) demonstrating a strong osteoprotective effect. There was notable difference in percentage change of total tibia from baseline to 6 months between groups Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza (−13.03% ± 5.11 and −0.84% ± 7.63 respectively,P < 0.005), and of proximal tibia accordingly (−27.9% ± 3.69 and −0.81% ± 14.85 respectively,P < 0.001), confirming the protective effect ofGlycyrrhiza glabraextract in preserving bone density of the Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza group. Three-point-bending did not reveal any statistically significant difference between Ovariectomy and Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza groups. Uterine weights of the Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza group ranged between the other two groups with no statistically significant difference to each.Conclusions:Glycyrrhiza glabraroot extract notably protected tibial bone mineral density loss in Ovariectomy-plus-Glycyrrhiza rats in comparison with ovariectomized rats, but did not improve biomechanical strength.

scholarly journals ANTIOSTEOPOROTIC ACTIVITY OF ANTHRAQUINONE ISOLATED FROM MORINDA CITRIFOLIA FRUITS IN RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abin Joy ◽  
Chaitra N ◽  
Ashok M ◽  
Handral M
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACTObjectives: This study was designed to investigate the antiosteoporotic activity of isolated anthraquinones from Morinda citrifolia fruit extract inovariectomy (OVX) induced osteoporotic rats.Methods: All the rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6 each). Group I (sham control) received vehicle, p.o., Group II OVX control (vehicle, p.o.),Group III was OVX+standard raloxifene (5.4 mg/kg, p.o.), and Group IV was OVX+Physcion (100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 90 days.Results: The daily oral administration of isolated compound physcion (100 mg/kg) for 12 weeks to the rats prevented OVX-induced osteoporosis.This was examined by serum biomarkers such as alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase and showed significanteffects (p<0.0001). The femur bone strength assessed by three-point bending test showed improved bone strength in physcion treated rats, andthis was supported by enhanced bone mineral density (p<0.05). The ash parameters of femur bone studied from physcion treated rats exhibited asignificant (p<0.0001) value of ash weight followed by ash calcium content. Further, femur bone histological examination revealed the protectiveeffect of the compound physcion (100 mg/kg) against OVX-induced bone loss in rats, where it showed mineralization of trabecular spaces, improvedbone compactness thereby intact bone architecture.Conclusion: This study concludes that the isolated anthraquinone physcion had a preventive effect against OVX-induced bone loss in rats.Keywords: Morinda citrifolia, Physcion, Osteoporosis, Bone mineral density, Ash mineral content.

scholarly journals Mechanism bySambucus nigraExtract Improves Bone Mineral Density in Experimental Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurentiu Badescu ◽  
Oana Badulescu ◽  
Magda Badescu ◽  
Manuela Ciocoiu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Polyphenolic Extract ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Diabetic Osteoporosis

The effects of polyphenols extracted fromSambucus nigrafruit were studied in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced hyperglycemic rats to evaluate its possible antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiglycosylation activity, and antiosteoporosis effects in diabetes. DEXA bone mineral density tests were performed in order to determine bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and fat (%Fat) in control and diabetic animals, before and after polyphenol delivery. As compared to the normoglycemic group, the rats treated with STZ (60 mg/kg body weight) revealed a significant malondialdehyde (MDA) increase, as an index of the lipid peroxidation level, by 69%, while the total antioxidant activity (TAS) dropped by 36%, with a consistently significant decrease () in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Also, the treatment of rats with STZ revealed a significant increase of IL-6, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and osteopenia detected by DEXA bone mineral density tests. The recorded results highlight a significant improvement () in the antioxidative capacity of the serum in diabetic rats treated with natural polyphenols, bringing back to normal the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as an important decrease in the serum concentration of MDA, with improved osteoporosis status. Knowing the effects of polyphenols could lead to the use of the polyphenolic extract ofSambucus nigraas a dietary supplement in diabetic osteoporosis.

Bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone metabolism in predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuri Fidan ◽  
Ayca Inci ◽  
Melahat Coban ◽  
Cevval Ulman ◽  
Seyhun Kursat
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Z Scores

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of serum bone turnover markers (BTM) and bone mineral density (BMD) determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We enrolled 83 patients with CKD, 41 (49.4%) males, 42 (50.6%) females, with mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 23.90±12 (range=6.0–56.0). BMD of the lumbar spine (LS) (anteroposterior, L2 through L4), femoral neck (FN) and femoral trochanter (FT) were measured by DEXA. Biochemical BTM, including calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum specific alkaline phosphatase (serum AP), bone-specific AP (BSAP), plasma bicarbonate and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25hD) were used for the prediction of BMD loss. T score results of LS and FN were worse than FT. BMD levels were lower in females than in males (all p<0.05). According to different BMD T score levels, patients with age ≥65 years and patients in menopause were significantly more osteopenic (p=0.026) and there was no relation between different BMD T scores and presence of diabetes (p=0.654). A positive correlation was identified between the BMD of FN T-Z scores (r=0.270, p=0.029, r=0.306, p=0.012), FT T-Z scores (r=0.220, p=0.076, r:0.250, p=0.043) and serum HCO3, while the correlation with serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) and BSAP was considered to be negative. No statistically significant association was found between BMD of all the measured skeletal sites and eGFR. Loss of BMD was identified mostly in females over ≥65 years of age and after menopause. Higher serum levels of BSAP and AP can be determined in the advanced stages of renal failure and they reflect fracture risk of the femur, but not spine. Measurements of BMD by DEXA are useful to demonstrate bone loss, but not technical enough to distinguish the quantity of bone loss between different stages of CKD.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Marigold Hydroalcoholic Extract in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats: Evaluation of Cardiac and Pancreatic Biomarkers in the Serum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Ebrahimi ◽  
Saeed Shirali ◽  
Rahman Talaei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder worldwide and it is usually along with complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing and its treatment has created concerns in society. The use of herbal medicine can be helpful in the management of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of marigold hydroalcoholic extract under diabetes condition. A total of 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group, diabetic control group, and groups treated with 250 or 500 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of marigold flower during four weeks. At the end of the study, the rats were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine, and sampling was performed through cardiac puncture. The results showed that treatment with marigold improved body weight. In addition, we determined that marigold normalized the level of CK-MB, total CK, amylase, and lipase in a dose-dependent manner. Probably these effects resulted from antioxidant property of marigold; thus we suggest that marigold flower can be useful for reduction of diabetes complication.

scholarly journals Improvement of bone properties and enhancement of mineralization by ethanol extract of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Ping-Chung Leung ◽  
Chun-Tao Che ◽  
Hung-Kay Chow ◽  
Chun-Fu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Fructus Ligustri Lucidi ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Umr 106

Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL), a kidney-tonifying Chinese herb, was shown to regulate Ca balance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats in our previous study. This study investigated whether it could improve bone properties in aged normal and OVX rats and increase osteoblastic differentiation in rat osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells. Ten-month-old aged rats underwent sham-operation or ovariectomy, were orally administered with FLL extracts or its vehicle and fed with diets containing different levels of Ca (LCD, 0·1 % Ca; MCD, 0·6 % Ca; HCD, 1·2 % Ca) for 12 weeks. Ovariectomy induced bone loss at multiple-sites of both tibia and femur in all rats being studied. FLL extract increased bone mineral density and bone mineral content at both tibial and femoral diaphysis as well as the lumbar vertebra (LV-2) in rats fed either LCD or MCD. In addition, FLL increased biomechanical strength of the tibial diaphysis in these rats. Combination of FLL and high-Ca diet significantly improved bone mass of cortical and trabecular bone at appendicular bones and LV-2 and decreased bone loss associated with ovarietomy and low-Ca feeding. Treatment of UMR-106 cells with FLL extracts accelerated the formation of calcified matrix and increased extracellular Ca and P depositions in time- and dose-dependent manner. The level of mineralization reached a maximum by 6 d incubation at the dosage of 10 μg FLL extract/ml. Our study indicated that FLL extract could improve bone properties in aged rats possibly via its direct action on osteoblastic cells by enhancement of the mineralization process.

scholarly journals Anti-osteoporosis effect of Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H. T. Chang extract in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 2051-2055
Author(s):  
Hai Ding ◽  
Wenju Chang ◽  
Jian Yao ◽  
Fendou Liu ◽  
Qingliang Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Type I ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Bone Trabeculae

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H.T. Chang extract (NICE) on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a normal group (control) and five ovariectomy (OVX) subgroups: OVX with vehicle (OVX), OVX with positive control drug alendronate sodium tablets (1.8 mg/kg/week), and OVX with varying NICE doses (45, 90, or 180 mg/kg/day). After rats were subjected to ovariectomy for 4 weeks, alendronate or NICE were administered orally daily for 16 weeks. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the L4 vertebrae and right femurs of all rats was estimated. The serum hormones estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC) and telopeptides of collagen type I (CTx) levels of rats were detrmined. Results: The results show that NICE dose-dependently inhibited bone mineral density (BMD) reduction of L4 vertebrae and femurs (p < 0.05). Compared with OVX group, serum E2, FSH and LH levels was significantly increased in osteoporosis rats (p < 0.01), but serum ALP, CTx, and OC concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.05). On the other hand, bone trabeculae in the three NICE groups and nilestriol group were all wider, while the space and connections increased. Conclusion: These findings indicate that NICE mitigates OVX-induced osteoporosis in rats, and hence can potentially be developed for the management of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Glucose Homeostasis and Bone Remodeling in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
Majed G. Alrowaili ◽  
Abdelaziz M. Hussein ◽  
Elsayed A. Eid ◽  
Mohamed S. Serria ◽  
Hussein Abdellatif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Trap 5B

Background: The present study examined the effect of intermittent fasting (IF) on bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) and the markers of bone remodeling in a glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) rat model.Methods: Forty male rats were allocated to 4 groups (N=10 per group): control group of normal rats; control+IF group (normal rats subjected to IF for 16-18 hr daily for 90 days); dexamethasone (DEX) group: (DEX [0.5 mg i.p.] for 90 days); and DEX+IF group (DEX and IF for 90 days). By the end of the experiment, BMD and BMC in the right tibia were measured. Serum levels of the following were measured: glucose; insulin; triglycerides (TGs); total cholesterol; parathyroid hormone (PTH); osteoprotegerin (OPG); receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK); bone-resorbing cytokines, including bone deoxypyridinoline (DPD), N-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I (NTX-1), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP-5b); and bone-forming cytokines, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC).Results: DEX administration for 90 days resulted in significantly increased serum levels of glucose, insulin, TGs, cholesterol, PTH, OPG, DPD, NTX-1, and TRAP-5b and significantly decreased BMD, BMC, and serum levels of RANK, OC, and ALP (all P<0.05). IF for 90 days significantly improved all these parameters (all P<0.05).Conclusions: IF corrected GIO in rats by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and PTH secretion and stimulating osteoblast activity.

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