scholarly journals Fat and Moisture Content in Chinese Fried Bread Sticks: Assessment and Rapid Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Method Development

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuqing Xiao ◽  
Keqiang Lai ◽  
Rui Du ◽  
Yungang Shen ◽  
Xiaohua Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Bread Sticks ◽  
Infrared Methods

Fried bread sticks (FBS) are one of the most widely consumed deep fried food products in China. Understanding the fat and moisture content in FBS will help consumers make healthy food choices as well as assist food processors to provide FBS with desirable quality. Rapid Fourier transform near-infrared methods (FT-NIR) were developed for determining fat and moisture content in FBS collected from 123 different vendors in Shanghai, China. FBS samples with minimum sample preparation (either finely or coarsely ground) were used for NIR analyses. Spectra of FBS were treated with different mathematic pretreatments before being used to build models between the spectral information and fat (7.71%–30.89%) or moisture (17.39%–32.65%) content in FBS. Finely ground samples may lead to slightly more robust PLS models, but the particle sizes of ground FBS samples did not seriously affect the predictability of the models with appropriate mathematical treatments. The fat and moisture content in FBS predicted by FT-NIR methods had very good correlation with their values determined via traditional methods (fat,R2=0.965; moisture,R2=0.983), which clearly indicated that FT-NIR methods could be used as an effective tool for rapid determination of fat and moisture content in FBS.

scholarly journals Steel-shot method for measuring the density of soils

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1299-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed B. Freeman ◽  
Chad A. Gartrell ◽  
Lillian D. Wakeley ◽  
Ernest S. Berney ◽  
Julie R. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Content Volume ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Steel Shot ◽  
Time Requirements

The density of soil is crucial in engineering, construction, and research. Standard methods to determine density use procedures, equipment or expendable materials that limit their effectiveness in challenging field conditions. Some methods require burdensome logistics or have time requirements that limit their use or the number of tests that can be executed. A test method, similar to the sand-cone method, was developed that uses steel shot as the material to which a volume of soil is compared to calculate soil density. Steel shot is easily recovered and reused, eliminating the need for specialty sand and calibrated cones or containers, and allows rapid determination of the volume of displaced soil. Excavated soil also provides measurements of total mass and moisture content. Volume, mass, and moisture content are applied in simple calculations to determine wet and dry densities and unit weight of the soil. Proficiency in performing the test can be achieved with minimal training, and the required kit can be assembled for a reasonable cost. Field uses of the method in dry environments in a variety of soil types demonstrated that the method can produce repeatable results within 2% of the values of soil density determined by traditional methods, with advantages in logistics.

RAPID DETERMINATION OF SEED GERMINATION POTENTIAL TO MEASURE QUALITY LOSS IN STORED WHEAT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. G. WHITE ◽  
R. N. SINHA ◽  
W. E. MUIR
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Quality Loss ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Stored Wheat ◽  
Germination Potential

A rapid method of determining wheat seed germination after 1 day (G1) of incubation was found. Germination of wheat seed stored at [Formula: see text] moisture content is estimated by adding 12% to G1; at <17% moisture content germination is not consistently predicted by G1.

Rapid determination of Panax ginseng by near-infrared spectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. 6715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bu Haibo ◽  
Nie Lixing ◽  
Wang Dan ◽  
Yuan Shaoxiong ◽  
Li Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Rapid Determination
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