scholarly journals Nutritional Properties of Dietary Omega-3-Enriched Phospholipids

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Murru ◽  
Sebastiano Banni ◽  
Gianfranca Carta
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Epa And Dha ◽  
The Everyday

Dietary fatty acids regulate several physiological functions. However, to exert their properties, they have to be present in the diet in an optimal balance. Particular attention has been focused on tissue highly polyunsaturated fatty acids (HPUFAs) n-6/n-3 ratio, influenced by the type and the esterified form of dietary fatty acids. Dietary EPA and DHA when esterified to phospholipids (PLs) are more efficiently incorporated into tissue PLs and seem to possess peculiar properties through specific mechanism(s) of action, such as the capacity to affect endocannabinoid biosynthesis at much lower doses than EPA and DHA in triglyceride form, probably because of the above mentioned higher incorporation into tissue PLs. Downregulation of the endocannabinoid system seems to mediate the positive effects exerted by omega-3-enriched PLs on several parameters of metabolic syndrome. PLs are one of the major dietary forms of EPA and DHA we are exposed to with the everyday diet; therefore, it is not surprising that it guarantees an effective EPA and DHA nutritional activity. Future studies should address whether EPA and DHA in PL form are also more effective than other formulations in ameliorating other pathological conditions where n-3 HPUFAs seem to exert beneficial activities such as cancer and psychiatric disorders.

Comparative study of tissue deposition of omega-3 fatty acids from polar-lipid rich oil of the microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata with krill oil in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Kagan ◽  
Aharon Levy ◽  
Alicia Leikin-Frenkel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oculata ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Krill Oil ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Epa And Dha

An oil from micro-algae rich in EPA with no DHA and consisting of 15% polar lipids (phospholipids and glycolipids) showed equivalent uptake of EPA into rat plasma and organs as omega-3 krill oil consisting of EPA and DHA and 40% phospholipids.

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Mediated Regulation of Membrane Biochemistry and Tumor Cell Membrane Integrity

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Souvik Mukerjee ◽  
Abdulaziz S. Saeedan ◽  
Mohd. Nazam Ansari ◽  
Manjari Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Biological Membrane ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Body System ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Tumor Cell Membrane

Particular dramatic macromolecule proteins are responsible for various cellular events in our body system. Lipids have recently recognized a lot more attention of scientists for understanding the relationship between lipid and cellular function and human health However, a biological membrane is formed with a lipid bilayer, which is called a P–L–P design. Our body system is balanced through various communicative signaling pathways derived from biological membrane proteins and lipids. In the case of any fatal disease such as cancer, the biological membrane compositions are altered. To repair the biological membrane composition and prevent cancer, dietary fatty acids, such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, are essential in human health but are not directly synthesized in our body system. In this review, we will discuss the alteration of the biological membrane composition in breast cancer. We will highlight the role of dietary fatty acids in altering cellular composition in the P–L–P bilayer. We will also address the importance of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to regulate the membrane fluidity of cancer cells.

scholarly journals Association of Whole Blood Fatty Acids and Growth in Southern Ghanaian Children 2–6 Years of Age

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Adjepong ◽  
William Yakah ◽  
William Harris ◽  
Esi Colecraft ◽  
Grace Marquis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

In Ghana, stunting rates in children below 5 years of age vary regionally. Dietary fatty acids (FAs) are crucial for linear growth. The objective of this study was to determine the association between blood FAs and growth parameters in southern Ghanaian children 2–6 years of age. A drop of blood was collected on an antioxidant treated card and analyzed for FA composition. Weight and height were measured and z-scores calculated. Relationships between FAs and growth were analyzed by linear regressions and factor analysis. Of the 209 subjects, 22% were stunted and 10.6% were essential FA deficient (triene/tetraene ratio > 0.02). Essential FA did not differ between stunted and non-stunted children and was not associated with height-for-age z-score or weight-for-age z-score. Similarly, no relationships between other blood fatty acids and growth parameters were observed in this population. However, when blood fatty acid levels in these children were compared to previously reported values from northern Ghana, the analysis showed that blood omega-3 FA levels were significantly higher and omega-6 FA levels lower in the southern Ghanaian children (p < 0.001). Fish and seafood consumption in this southern cohort was high and could account for the lower stunting rates observed in these children compared to other regions.

scholarly journals Fish consumption, contaminants and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: many more benefits than risks

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
FA. Scorza ◽  
RM. Cysneiros ◽  
RM. Arida ◽  
VC. Terra ◽  
HR. Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Death ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

People with epilepsy have an increased risk of dying prematurely and the most common epilepsy-related category of death is sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). SUDEP is mainly a problem for patients with chronic uncontrolled epilepsy. The ultimate goal of research in SUDEP is to develop new methods to prevent it and actions other than medical and surgical therapies that could be very useful. Nutritional aspects, i.e., omega-3 fatty acids deficiency, could have an interesting role in this scenario. Some animal and clinical studies have suggested that omega-3 fatty acids could be useful in the prevention and treatment of epilepsy and hence SUDEP. It has been ascertained that the only foods that provide large amounts of omega-3 are seafood (fish and shellfish); however, some fish are contaminated with methylmercury, which may counteract the positive effects of omega-3 fatty acids. Our update review summarises the knowledge of the role of fish consumption on epilepsy research.

scholarly journals α- Linolenic Acid Modulates Phagocytosis of Extracellular Tau and Induces Microglial Migration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Eknath Desale ◽  
Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Microtubule Organizing Center ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Organizing Center ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background The seeding effect of extracellular Tau species is an emerging aspect to study the Tauopathies in Alzheimer’s disease. Tau seeds enhance the propagation of disease along with its contribution to microglia-mediated inflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids are known to exert the anti-inflammatory property to microglia by modulating cell membrane compositions. The immunomodulatory function of omega-3 fatty acids exerts anti-inflammatory properties to microglia. Owing to the imparted anti-inflammatory nature enhance phagocytosis and increased migration property has been observed in microglia. The dietary omega-3 fatty acids are found to change the lipid composition of the cell membrane that predominated many signaling cascades and by modulating specific receptor response. Thus the omega-3 fatty acids influence microglial response in Tauopathy. Methods N9 microglia cells were exposed to extracellular full-length Tau monomer and aggregates along with ALA (α- Linolenic acid) to study the internalization of exposed Tau. The degradation of internalized Tau studied with the endosomal markers Rab5 and Rab7. The final degradation step in phagocytosis has been studied with LAMP-2A as lysosomal markers. The changes in the rate of migration of microglia were assessed by wound-scratch assay along with Microtubule organizing center (MTOC) reorientation were studied after exposure of Tau and ALA as the property of highly migratory microglia. Results The increased phagocytosis of extracellular Tau monomer and aggregates has been observed upon ALA exposure to microglia cells. The intracellular degradation of internalized Tau species was targeted by early and late endosomal markers Rab5 and Rab7. The increased levels of LAMP-2A and colocalization with internalized Tau indicated the degradation via lysosome. These results indicate the degradation of internalized Tau species in the presence of ALA instead of getting accumulated in the cell. The enhanced migratory ability of microglia in the presence of ALA induces the MTOC repolarization and reduces the nuclear-centrosomal axis polarity and favorable anterior positioning of MTOC. Conclusions Tau seeds greatly contribute to the spread of disease, one way to reduce the spreading is to reduce the presence of extracellular Tau seed. Microglia could be influenced to reduce extracellular Tau seed with dietary fatty acids. Our results suggest that dietary fatty acids ALA significantly enhances phagocytosis and intracellular degradation of internalized Tau. Enhanced migration supports the phagocytosis process. Our approach provides insights into the beneficial role of ALA as an anti-inflammatory dietary supplement to treat AD.

Effect of Dietary Enrichment with Omega 3 and 6 Fatty Acids on Blood Metabolites, Hormone Concentration and Ovarian Function in Sahiwal Heifers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
Sajjan Sihag ◽  
Zile Singh Sihag ◽  
Chandershekhar Santosh Patil ◽  
Surender Singh Dhaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

Background: Supplementation of fat, especially those having unsaturated fatty acids has been proposed to carry positive effects on the reproductive organ, beside providing dietary energy to the animals. This experiment was designed to examine the effects of dietary ω-3 or ω-6 fatty acid (FA) rich oil supplementation on blood FA, metabolite and hormone concentrations; ovarian follicular growth and corpus luteum (CL) size in Sahiwal breed heifers.Methods: Eighteen heifers of 18.33±1.14 months of age and 194±4.16 kg of mean body weight were randomly assigned to 3 diets and individually fed as per ICAR (2013) diets. The diets include chopped wheat straw, green fodder and concentrate mixture containing either (i) no added PUFA rich oil but palm oil @ 3.5% (PO; n=6); (ii) 3.5% added soybean oil as ω-6 FA source (SO; n=6); or (iii) 3.5% added linseed oil as ω-3 FA source (LO; n=6).Result: SO increased (P less than 0.05) the plasma concentration of ω-6 FA while LO increased (P less than 0.05) the plasma ω-3 FA. Plasma glucose, triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations was not affected due to different diets. Plasma total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in SO and LO in comparison to PO. However, LDL-cholesterol was at par among all the treatments. Growth Hormone (GH) was not influenced due to different types of oil in heifers’ concentrate mixture. Insulin concentration increased (P less than 0.05) in LO compared to others. IGF-1 was statistically higher (P less than 0.05) in SO and LO as compared to CON, which among themselves also varied significantly. Plasma progesterone concentration at day 12 post estrous was higher (P less than 0.05) in LO. PUFA rich oil supplementation in the concentrate mixture of heifers (SO and LO) increased (P less than 0.05) the size of the ovulatory follicles as well as size of CL. It was inferred that feeding PUFA rich oil to pre-pubertal Sahiwal heifer’s results in advantageous changes in the blood metabolites, plasma hormones and ovarian functions.

scholarly journals Relevance of Fatty Acids to Sperm Maturation and Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Collodel ◽  
Cesare Castellini ◽  
Jetty Chung-Yung Lee ◽  
Cinzia Signorini
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Sperm Membrane ◽  
And Function

Almost 50% of infertility cases are associated with human male infertility. The sperm membrane is a key structure influencing sperm morphology and function in normal and pathological conditions. The fatty acid profile determines the performance not only of sperm motility but also of acrosomal reaction and sperm-oocyte fusion. This review presents available knowledge on the role of fatty acid composition in human sperm and spermatogenesis and discusses the influence of dietary fatty acids on the sperm fatty acid profile. Recent studies in biological sciences and clinical researches in this field are also reported. The topic object of this review has potential application in medicine by identifying potential causes of infertility.

Effects of fat source in flushing diets on various reproduction parameters in Zandi fat-tailed ewes

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 150-150
Author(s):  
H. Sadeghipanah ◽  
A. Zare Shahneh ◽  
A. Nik-Khah
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
New Information ◽  
Supplemental Fat

Fats in the diet can influence reproduction positively by altering both ovarian follicle and corpus luteum (CL) function and by increasing precursors for the synthesis of reproductive hormones such as steroids and prostaglandins (Mattos et al., 2000). Fat supplementation positive effects include: increased size of the ovulatory follicle, increased numbers of ovarian follicles, increased plasma concentration of progesterone, reduced secretion of PGF2α, increased lifespan of the CL, and improved fertility (Staples et al., 1998). Lucy et al. (1992) suggested that it was fatty acids, and not the additional energy provided by the fatty acids, that stimulated ovarian function. Recently, new information has been published that demonstrates that the type of dietary fatty acids is important as individual fatty acids do not have the same effects on reproduction of the dairy cow (Petit et al., 2001).The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplemental fat source on reproduction parameters in Iranian fat-tailed ewes.

scholarly journals Effects of Nutritional Interventions in the Control of Musculoskeletal Pain: An Integrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3075
Author(s):  
Carolina Rodrigues Mendonça ◽  
Matias Noll ◽  
Maria Clara Rezende Castro ◽  
Erika Aparecida Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Positive Effects

Food consumption has significant positive effects on an individual’s health status, including the reduction of symptoms associated with musculoskeletal pain. However, specific food groups indicated for the treatment of pain are not yet determined. Hence, this review aimed to analyze the effects of nutritional interventions with specific diets, oils and/or fatty acids, and foodstuffs in natura in the reduction of musculoskeletal pain. An integrative review was conducted in the following databases: Embase, PubMed, LILACS, and Google Scholar. Clinical trials written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese and published between 2000 and March 2020 were included in this review. Seventeen studies were included. Among these, a reduction of musculoskeletal pain with different types of nutritional interventions, such as vegan and Mediterranean diets and the consumption of blueberry, strawberry, passion fruit peel extract, argan oil, fish oil (omega-3), olive oil, and undenatured type II collagen and vitamin D gel capsules, was observed in 14 studies. Eight studies evaluated the profiles of several inflammatory markers, and of these, decreased interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were observed in two studies. This review suggests that different nutritional interventions with specific diets, oils and/or fatty acids, and foodstuffs in natura reduce musculoskeletal pain, specifically in adults with osteoarthritis. Besides pain improvement, nutritional interventions, including the consumption of strawberry and vitamin D gel capsules, decrease the levels of several inflammatory markers.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids and PPARγin Cancer

PPAR Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris J. Edwards ◽  
Joseph T. O'Flaherty
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
New Paradigm

Omega-3 (or n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites are natural ligands for peroxisome proliferator receptor activator (PPAR)γand, due to the effects of PPARγon cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, are potential anticancer agents. Dietary intake of omega-3 PUFAs has been associated with a reduced risk of certain cancers in human populations and in animal models. In vitro studies have shown that omega-3 PUFAs inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells through various pathways but one of which involves PPARγactivation. The differential activation of PPARγand PPARγ-regulated genes by specific dietary fatty acids may be central to their distinct roles in cancer. This review summarizes studies relating PUFAs to PPARγand cancer and offers a new paradigm relating an n-3 PUFA through PPARγto the expression of the cell surface proteoglycan, syndecan-1, and to the death of cancer cells.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document