scholarly journals Primo Vascular System Accompanying a Blood Vessel from Tumor Tissue and a Method to Distinguish It from the Blood or the Lymph System

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaekwan Lim ◽  
Sungwoo Lee ◽  
Zhendong Su ◽  
Hong Bae Kim ◽  
Jung Sun Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Lymph Vessel ◽  
Lymph System ◽  
Efficient Criteria

A primo vessel was observed in the abdominal cavity in the lung cancer mouse model, and its function as an extra metastatic path was observed. In this work, we found a primo vessel accompanying a blood vessel emanating from a tumor in the skin. We also presented simple and efficient criteria to distinguish a primo vessel from a blood or a lymph vessel and from a nerve. The criteria for using DAPI and Phalloidin will be useful in clinical situations to find and identify the primo vessels among the blood vessels, lymph vessels, or nerves in the tissue surrounding a tumor such as a melanoma or breast cancer.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Primo-Vascular System in the Abdominal Cavity of Lung Cancer Mouse Model and Its Differences from the Lymphatic System

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e9940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Sun Yoo ◽  
M. Hossein Ayati ◽  
Hong Bae Kim ◽  
Wei-bo Zhang ◽  
Kwang-Sup Soh
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Abdominal Cavity

scholarly journals Radiation-Enhanced Lung Cancer Progression in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Lung Cancer Is Predictive of Outcomes in Human Lung and Breast Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1610-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Delgado ◽  
Kimberly G. Batten ◽  
James A. Richardson ◽  
Xian-Jin Xie ◽  
Adi F. Gazdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Transgenic Mouse ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Transgenic Mouse Model

scholarly journals Primo Vascular System in the Lymph Vessel from the Inguinal to the Axillary Nodes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hwan Lee ◽  
Kyoung-Hee Bae ◽  
Geum Ock Kim ◽  
Min Ho Nam ◽  
Young Bok Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Lymph Vessel ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Axillary Nodes ◽  
Lymph System ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Removal Of Fat ◽  
Rats And Mice

The primo vascular system (PVS) in a lymph system was observed mostly in large caliber ducts around the caudal vena cava of rabbits, rats, and mice. This required a severe surgery with laparectomy and massive removal of fat tissues in the abdomen to expose the lymph vessel. In the current brief report, we presented a new method to evade these shortcomings by observing the PVS in a less large caliber duct in the skin, that is, the lymph vessel from the inguinal to the axillary nodes. The Alcian blue injection into the inguinal node revealed the desired primo vessel in the target lymph vessel. This opened a new perspective for the investigation of the lymphatic PVS without severe damage to subject animals and for monitoring of the PVS in a long period of time.

scholarly journals Observation of a Long Primo Vessel in a Lymph Vessel from the Inguinal Node of a Rabbit

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Il Noh ◽  
Yeong-Min Yoo ◽  
Ran-Hyang Kim ◽  
Ye-Ji Hong ◽  
Hye-Rie Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Inguinal Lymph Node ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Lymph Vessel ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Lymph Vessels ◽  
Lymph System

Though primo vessels are frequently found in the lymph near the abdominal aorta of rabbit by Alcian blue dye, the reproductions are still difficult to require considerable skills and technical know-how at dissected tissue of animal species. However, in the inguinal lymph node of a rabbit we found a long-type primo vascular system (LTP) dyed with Alcian blue, from an abdominal lymph vessel to an inguinal lymph node. The length of LTP was over an average length of 9.1 cm. The average diameters of the primo and the lymph vessels were about 23.9 μm and 242 μm, respectively. The primo vessels were not floating but adhered to lymph vessels with fascial connective tissue. These primo vessels might be a functional integration in the lymph system.

scholarly journals Differentiating Blood, Lymph, and Primo Vessels by Residual Time Characteristic of Fluorescent Nanoparticles in a Tumor Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sungwoo Lee ◽  
Jaekwan Lim ◽  
Jinmyung Cha ◽  
Jin-Kyu Lee ◽  
Yeon Hee Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Time Characteristic ◽  
Lymph Vessel ◽  
Fluorescent Nanoparticles ◽  
Residual Time ◽  
Lymph Vessels ◽  
Long Time

Fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) which were injected into a tumor tissue flowed out through the blood and lymph vessels. The FNPs in blood vessels remained only in the order for few minutes while those in lymph vessels remained for a long time disappearing completely in 25 hours. We found a primo vessel inside a lymph vessel near a blood vessel, and FNPs remained in the primo vessel for longer than 25 hours. In addition, we examined in detail the residual time characteristics of lymph vessels because it could be useful in a future study of fluid dynamical comparison of the three conduits. These residual time characteristics of FNPs in the three kinds of vessels may have implications for the dynamics of nanoparticle drugs for cancer chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Microfluidic System to Analyze the Effects of Interleukin 6 on Lymphatic Breast Cancer Metastasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Yeol Cho ◽  
Jin-Ha Choi ◽  
Kyeong-Jun Kim ◽  
Minkyu Shin ◽  
Jeong-Woo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Lymphatic Metastasis ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Lymph Vessel

Metastasis is the primary cause of a large number of cancer-associated deaths. By portraying the precise environment of the metastasis process in vitro, the microfluidic system provides useful insights on the mechanisms underlying cancer cell migration, invasion, colonization, and the procurement of supplemental nutrients. However, current in vitro metastasis models are biased in studying blood vessel-based metastasis pathways and thus the understanding of lymphatic metastasis is limited which is also closely related to the inflammatory system. To understand the effects of inflammatory cytokines in lymphatic metastasis, we developed a three-channel microfluidic system by mimicking the lymph vessel-tissue-blood vessel (LTB) structure. Based on the LTB chip, we successfully confirmed the inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 6 (IL-6), -mediated intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment during lymphatic metastasis. The IL-6 exposure to different subtypes of breast cancer cells was induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and improved tissue invasion property (8-fold). And the growth of human vein endothelial cells toward the lymph vessel channel was observed by VEGF secretion from human lymphatic endothelial cells with IL-6 treatment. The proposed LTB chip can be applied to analyze the intercellular communication during the lymphatic metastasis process and be a unique tool to understand the intercellular communication in the cancer microenvironment under various extracellular stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, stromal reactions, hypoxia, and nutrient deficiency.

scholarly journals Elevated phosphorylation of EGFR in NSCLC due to mutations in PTPRH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R Swiatnicki ◽  
Jonathan P Rennhack ◽  
Daniel Hollern ◽  
Ashlee V Perry ◽  
Rachel Kubiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Nsclc Cell ◽  
Egfr Mutations ◽  
Nsclc Cell Line ◽  
Parental Line

The role of EGFR in lung cancer is well described with numerous activating mutations that result in phosphorylation and tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target EGFR. While the role of the EGFR kinase in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is appreciated, control of EGFR signaling pathways through dephosphorylation by phosphatases is not as clear. In recent work we identified mutations in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type H (Ptprh, also known as SAP-1) as being associated with elevated phosphorylation of EGFR in a mouse model of breast cancer. We have examined a series of tumors from this mouse model, revealing conserved V483M Ptprh mutations within the FVB background, but a series of varied mutations in other backgrounds. Despite the varied Ptprh mutations in other background strains, matched primary and metastatic tumors largely shared mutational profiles. Profiling the downstream events of Ptprh mutant tumors revealed AKT activation, suggesting a key target of PTPRH was EGFR tyrosine 1197. Given the role of EGFR in lung cancer, we explored TCGA data which revealed that a subset of PTPRH mutant tumors shared gene expression profiles with EGFR mutant tumors, but that EGFR mutations and PTPRH mutations were mutually exclusive. Generation of a PTPRH knockout NSCLC cell line resulted in Y1197 phosphorylation of EGFR, and a rescue with expression of wild type PTPRH returned EGFR phosphorylation to parental line values while a rescue with a D986A catalytically dead mutant PTPRH did not, demonstrating that PTPRH targets EGFR. As expected with active EGFR, the knockout of PTPRH was associated with increased growth rate. Moreover, a dose response curve illustrated that two human NSCLC lines that had naturally occurring PTPRH mutations responded to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition. Injection of one of the NSCLC human lines into mice resulted in tumors, and Osimertinib treatment resulted in a reduction of tumor volume relative to vehicle controls. Consistent with prior literature from breast cancer, PTPRH mutation resulted in nuclear pEGFR as seen in immunohistochemistry, suggesting that there may also be a role for EGFR as a transcriptional co-factor. Other roles for PTPRH were explored through a receptor tyrosine kinase array, noting elevated phosphorylation of FGFR1. Knockout of PTPRH in NSCLC cell lines resulted in elevated phosphorylated FGFR1 relative to controls, indicating that PTPRH has a number of targets that may be aberrantly activated in NSCLC with mutations in PTPRH. Together these data suggest that mutations in PTPRH in NSCLC may result in clinically actionable alterations using existing therapies.

Mechanistic evaluation of the combination effect of paclitaxel (Pac) and bevacizumab (Bev) in breast cancer xenografts

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11007-11007
Author(s):  
R. H. Alvarez ◽  
V. Valero ◽  
R. L. Bassett ◽  
C. Lu ◽  
N. Dallas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Female Nude ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Triple Negative Phenotype

11007 Background: Chemosensitization is the ability to augment the effects of standard chemotherapy. One of the possible mechanisms for chemosensitization is improving intratumoral chemotherapy concentrations by increasing total or regional delivery of chemotherapy to the tumor. This mechanism potentially leads to a decreased tumor interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). This study evaluates the interaction between tumor IFP, intra-tumor drug accumulation and blood vessel perfusion. Methods: GILM2 human breast cancer (triple negative phenotype) cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of female nude mice. Mice were randomized to 4 arms: Control, Pac 24 mg/Kg, Bev 10 mg/Kg, and the same dose for the combination Pac + Bev, twice a week for 3 weeks. Tumor IFP was assessed using an ultraminiature catheter-tip technique (Ozerdem 2005). Concentration of Pac in tumor tissue was measured using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and blood vessel perfusion was assessed by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Ultrastructural morphology changes were assessed by electron microscopy (EM). Results: Treatment started 35 days after implantation; tumor tissue concentration of Pac was significantly increased when combined with Bev (P = 0.03). In mice treated with the combination of Pac + Bev, IFP values decreased more gradually, with sustained and significant reduction at the end of the treatment (P = 0.0068; mean SEM day 0: 28,44 ± 6,1; mean SEM day 21: 7,41 ± 2,0). The IFP changes in the other 3 experimental arms did not reach statistical significance. The combination of Pac and Bev produced substantial changes to the proportions of endothelial cell/pericytes and increased apoptosis in tumor cells by 75% (detected by immunostaining for cleaved-caspase 3). Conclusions: The combination of Pac and Bev produces significant tumor reduction and increases three-fold the concentration of Pac in the tumor. This intra-tumor augmentation of Pac was correlated with the decrease of tumor IFP, which was independent of the action of Bev alone. Results of DCE-MRI and EM analyses of the treated tumors will also be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Perbandingan CART dan Random Forest untuk Deteksi Kanker berbasis Klasifikasi Data Microarray

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-812
Author(s):  
Riska Chairunisa ◽  
Adiwijaya ◽  
Widi Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Classification Method ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Prostate Tumors ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Colon Tumors

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world with a mortality rate of 57,3% in 2018 in Asia. Therefore, early diagnosis is needed to avoid an increase in mortality caused by cancer. As machine learning develops, cancer gene data can be processed using microarrays for early detection of cancer outbreaks. But the problem that microarray has is the number of attributes that are so numerous that it is necessary to do dimensional reduction. To overcome these problems, this study used dimensions reduction Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) with Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and Random Forest (RF) as classification method. The purpose of using these two classification methods is to find out which classification method produces the best performance when combined with the DWT dimension reduction. This research use five microarray data, namely Colon Tumors, Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, Prostate Tumors and Ovarian Cancer from Kent-Ridge Biomedical Dataset. The best accuracy obtained in this study for breast cancer data were 76,92% with CART-DWT, Colon Tumors 90,1% with RF-DWT, lung cancer 100% with RF-DWT, prostate tumors 95,49% with RF-DWT, and ovarian cancer 100% with RF-DWT. From these results it can be concluded that RF-DWT is better than CART-DWT.  

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