scholarly journals Optimization and Immobilization of Purified Labeo rohita Visceral Protease by Entrapment Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Geethanjali ◽  
Anitha Subash
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Temperature Storage

The purified fish visceral protease enzyme was immobilized by using various concentrations of sodium alginate and calcium chloride to optimize the best concentration for the formation of the beads. Then it was characterized by assaying the optimal pH, temperature, storage stability and reusability. The results on immobilization with sodium alginate and calcium chloride showed that a combination of 2% sodium alginate and 0.3 M calcium chloride weas found to be the optimum concentration for the formation of spherical and stable beads, this gave a maximal entrapped activity of 48.31%, and there was no change in the optimum pH 8.0 and temperature 40°C of protease before and after entrapment. The results on stability and reusability indicated that it was stable at 4°C retaining 100% residual activity after 5 days of storage and 67% loss of activity after ten days of storage and it retained 100% residual activity on the first reuse, 75% residual activity on the second reuse, 25% residual activity on the third use and complete loss in the activity on the fourth reuse.

Immobilization and Characterization of Tannase and its Haze-removing

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erzheng Su ◽  
Tao Xia ◽  
Liping Gao ◽  
Qianying Dai ◽  
Zhengzhu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameter ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Oolong Tea ◽  
Optimum Ph

Tannase was effectively immobilized on alginate by the method of crosslinking-entrapment-crosslinking with a high activity recovery of 76.6%. The properties of immobilized tannase were investigated. Its optimum temperature was determined to be 35 ° C, decreasing 10 °C compared with that of free enzyme, whereas the optimum pH of 5.0 did not change. The thermal and pH stabilities of immobilized tannase increased to some degree. The kinetic parameter, Km, for immobilized tannase was estimated to be 11.6 × 10-4 mol/L. Fe2+ and Mn2+ could activate the activity of immobilized tannase. The immobilized tannase was also applied to treat the tea beverage to investigate its haze-removing effect. The content of non-estern catechins in green tea, black tea and oolong tea increased by 52.17%, 12.94% and 8.83%, respectively. The content of estern catechins in green tea, oolong tea and black tea decreased by 20.0%, 16.68% and 5.04%, respectively. The anti-sediment effect of green tea infusion treated with immobilized tannase was significantly increased. The storage stability and reusability of the immobilized tannase were improved greatly, with 72.5% activity retention after stored for 42 days and 86.9% residual activity after repeatedly used for 30 times.

scholarly journals Kinetic Characterization and Effect of Immobilized Thermostable β-Glucosidase in Alginate Gel Beads on Sugarcane Juice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerti ◽  
Anuradha Gupta ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Ashutosh Dubey ◽  
A. K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Sugarcane Juice ◽  
Ph Stability ◽  
Gel Beads ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Enzyme Change ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
And Storage

A thermostable β-glucosidase was effectively immobilized on alginate by the method of gel entrapment. After optimization of immobilized conditions, recovered enzyme activity was 60%. Optimum pH, temperature, kinetic parameters, thermal and pH stability, reusability, and storage stability were investigated. The Km and Vmax for immobilized β-glucosidase were estimated to be 5.0 mM and 0.64 U/ml, respectively. When comparing, free and immobilized enzyme, change was observed in optimum pH and temperature from 5.0 to 6.0 and 60°C to 80°C, respectively. Immobilized enzyme showed an increase in pH stability over the studied pH range (3.0–10.0) and stability at temperature up to 80°C. The storage stability and reusability of the immobilized β-glucosidase were improved significantly, with 12.09% activity retention at 30°C after being stored for 25 d and 17.85% residual activity after being repeatedly used for 4 times. The effect of both free and immobilized β-glucosidase enzyme on physicochemical properties of sugarcane juice was also analyzed.

Аpplying of high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation in the treatment of chronic pulpitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
F. Yu. Daurova ◽  
D. I. Tomaeva ◽  
S. V. Podkopaeva ◽  
Yu. A. Taptun
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After

Relevance: the reason for the development of complications in endodontic treatment is poor-quality instrumental treatment root canals.Aims: a study of the animicrobial action and clinical efficacy of high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation in the treatment of chronic forms of pulpitis.Materials and methods: 102 patients with various chronic forms of pulpitis were divided into three groups of 34 patients each. In the first two groups, high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation was used in endodontic treatment in different modes. In the third group, endodontic treatment was carried out without the use of diathermocoagulation (comparison group). The root canal microflora in chronic pulpitis in vivo was studied twice-before and after diathermocoagulation.Results: it was established that high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation in the effect mode is 3, power is 4 (4.1 W) and effect is 4, power is 4 (5.4 W) with an exposure time of 3 seconds, it has a pronounced antibacterial effect on all presented pathogenic microflora obtained from the root canals of the teeth.

GESTOGENS IN CORPUS LUTEUM OF CATTLE

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (III) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kristoffersen
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT By means of chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods progesterone and a substance closely similar to 20β-hydroxy-pregn-4-ene-3-one has been detected in luteal tissue from non-pregnant and pregnant cows. In 21 animals quantitative measurements based on a method giving an average net recovery of 56 per cent showed that in pregnancy the average progesterone content in the corpus luteum reached a maximum in the third to fifth month, with low values before and after this period. For 6 nonpregnant cows, the average value was 20.2 μg/g tissue, which is considerably higher than previous values reported in the literature. The relation between these findings and the bovine dependence on a functional corpus luteum in pregnancy is discussed, and it is pointed out that more information about the metabolism of progesterone in cattle is highly desirable.

Carthage after the Punic Wars and the Neo-Punic Legacy

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-196
Author(s):  
Matthew Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Funerary Rituals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Punic Wars

This chapter provides a brief introduction to how the historiographical development of Roman studies, since mid-twentieth century decolonization, has altered our understanding of the developments which took place in North Africa following the destruction of Carthage in 146 bce. The reader is introduced to literary, epigraphic, and archaeological sources of evidence, which have traditionally been used to argue for either cultural change or continuity. After an initial examination of the immediate aftermath of the Third Punic War, Roman land appropriation and taxation, the focus is on sources of evidence usually described as “Punic,” “neo-Punic” or “Late Punic,” covering the spheres of municipal institutions, language use, and religious and funerary rituals. The vibrant multiculturalism and regional diversity of the Mediterranean and especially North Africa, both before and after the Roman conquest, is the dominant theme. This is used to shift emphasis away from grand explanatory paradigms based on essentialist identity categories, and toward a more nuanced picture of the complex and multivariate processes of cultural development and integration.

scholarly journals Conservation, Regeneration and Genetic Stability of Regenerants from Alginate-Encapsulated Shoot Explants of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Stefanos Hatzilazarou ◽  
Stefanos Kostas ◽  
Theodora Nendou ◽  
Athanasios Economou
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Alginate Encapsulation ◽  
Gardenia Jasminoides ◽  
Regeneration Response

The present study demonstrates the potential of the alginate encapsulation of shoot tips and nodal segments of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, the short-term cold storage of artificial seeds and subsequent successful conversion to desirable, uniform and genetically stable plantlets. Shoot tips and first-node segments below them, derived from shoots of in vitro cultures, responded better than second-to-fourth-node segments on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium and thus, they were used as explants for alginate encapsulation. Explant encapsulation in 2.5% sodium alginate in combination with 50 mM of calcium chloride resulted in the production of soft beads, while hardening in 100 mM of calcium chloride formed firm beads of uniform globular shape, suitable for handling. The addition of liquid MS nutrient medium in the sodium alginate solution doubled the subsequent germination response of the beads. The maintenance of alginate beads under light favored their germination response compared to maintenance in darkness. Encapsulated shoot tip explants of gardenia, which were stored at 4 °C for 4, 8 or 12 weeks, showed a gradual decline in their regeneration response (73.3, 68.9, 53.3%, respectively), whereas, non-encapsulated explants (naked), stored under the same time durations of cold conditions, exhibited a sharp decline in regeneration response up to entirely zeroing (48.9, 11.1, 0.0%, respectively). Shoots, derived from 12-week cold-stored encapsulated explants, were easily rooted in solid MS nutrient medium with the addition of 0.5 μM of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and after transplantation of the rooted plantlets individually to pots containing a peat–perlite (3:1, v/v) substrate, they were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse under the gradual reduction of 75 or 50% shading with survival rates of 95–100%. The genetic stability of the acclimatized plantlets was assessed and compared with the mother plant using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. ISSR analysis confirmed that all regenerated plantlets were genetically identical to the mother plant. This procedure of artificial seed production could be useful for the short-term storage of germplasm and the production of genetically identical and stable plants as an alternative method of micropropagation in Gardenia jasminoides.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Solvent on Curing Behavior and Storage Stability for Waterborne Paint Containing Catalyst Encapsulated in Micelles

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Shuji Yomo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Dibutyltin Dilaurate ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Surfactant Micelles ◽  
Catalytic Function ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Storage

In this study, a 2-pack isocyanate curing waterborne paint (without organic solvents) encapsulating dibutyltin dilaurate (hereinafter, DBTL) in nonionic surfactant micelles with an hydrophilic–lipophilic balance of 13–14 in advance releases DBTL when the micelles are collapsed at 80 °C or higher, whereby the curing progresses rapidly. On the other hand, the viscosity levels of the paint before and after being left at 40 °C for 1 h are almost the same. Organic solvents are mandatory for waterborne paints to provide paint and film properties, but they might collapse the micelles when they are formulated in the paint. In this study, we investigate whether the abovementioned paint containing organic solvents can develop switching functionality in terms of maintaining the storage stability at 40 °C and expressing a catalytic function at 80 °C to progress the curing. As a result, we find that if the solubility of the organic solvent in water at 20 °C is at least 10 g/100 mL and the boiling point is ≤200 °C, both curing and storage stability can be achieved.

On the issue of post-tuberculosis lesions of the larynx in pulmonary tuberculosis

1901 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
A. T. Ostrovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After

Abstracts. Internal diseases.A. T. Ostrovsky. To the question of post-tuberculosis lesions of the larynx in pulmonary tuberculosis. Diss. S.-PB.1900 g.The author cites the literature that exists on the issue of interest to him, before and after the discovery of tuberous sticks by prof. Kos'om. At the present time, regarding the secondary tubercle of the larynx, there are already not at all many, each having its own supporters, from which some admit the penetration of tuberous sticks from the epithelial cover of the mucous membrane of the larynx, others hold the view that the vessels for the lymph from the inside through the third In view of the fact that up to the present time the issue of post-tuberculosis lesions of the larynx remains not fully clarified, the author decided to take on his work as much as possible.

Preparation and properties of wet-spun microcomposite filaments from cellulose nanocrystals and alginate using a microfluidic device

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 5780-5793
Author(s):  
Ji-Soo Park ◽  
Chan-Woo Park ◽  
Song-Yi Han ◽  
Eun-Ah Lee ◽  
Azelia Wulan Cindradewi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Orientation Index ◽  
Cacl2 Solution

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were wet-spun in a coagulation bath for the fabrication of microfilaments, and the effect of sodium alginate (AL) addition on the wet-spinnability and properties of the microcomposite filament was investigated. The CNC suspension exhibited excellent wet-spinnability in calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution, and the addition of AL in CNC suspension resulted in the enhancement of the wet-spinnability of CNCs. As the AL content increased from 3% to 10%, the average diameter of the microcomposite filament decreased, and its tensile properties deteriorated. The increased spinning rate caused an increase in the orientation index of CNCs, resulting in an improvement in the tensile properties of the microcomposite filament.

““Prisoners for Freedom””: The Prisoners Issue Before and After Oslo

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Um Jabr Wishah
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Mental Health Program ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Community Mental Health Program ◽  
Village Life ◽  
The University

This is the third and final installment of Um Jabr's ““life story,”” earlier segments of which——on village life in pre-1948 Palestine and on the 1948 war and its aftermath——were published in JPS 138 (winter 2006) and JPS 140 (summer 2006). The current excerpts focus on Um Jabr's intense involvement in the prisoner issue that began when two of her sons were in Israeli jails. In particular, her activism took the form of organizing other women to visit prisoners from Arab countries who had no one to visit them on the twice monthly visits allowed. Um Jabr's 36,000-word ““life story”” was one of seven collected as part of an oral history project, as yet unpublished, carried out by Barbara Bill, an Australian who since 1996 has worked with the Women's Empowerment Project of the Gaza Community Mental Health Program, and Ghada Ageel, a refugee from al-Bureij camp now earning her Ph.D. at the University of Exeter in England. The women who participated in the project were interviewed a number of times during the first half of 2001; after the tapes were transcribed, the memories were set down exactly as they were told, the only ““editing”” being the integration of material from the various interviews into one ““life story.”” Um Jabr, who was in her early 70s at the time of the interviews, still lives in al-Bureij camp, where she has since 1950.

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