scholarly journals MicroRNA: Not Far from Clinical Application in Ischemic Stroke

ISRN Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Li ◽  
Yahong Liu ◽  
Zhaojun Wang ◽  
Huajuan Hou ◽  
Ying Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Neuroprotective Agents ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Pathophysiological Process ◽  
Positive Regulators ◽  
The Brain

Ischemic stroke predominates in all types of stroke and none neuroprotective agents success in the clinical trial. MicroRNAs are small endogenous noncoding RNA molecules that act as negative or positive regulators of gene expressions by binding completely or partially to complementary target sequences in the mRNAs. The genes which could be modulated by microRNAs play a role in the etiology and pathophysiology ischemic stroke. Therefore, microRNAs may have function on ischemic stroke. A lot of previous studies have investigated the roles of microRNAs in the ischemic stroke. This mini review would highlight the recent progress of microRNAs on the ischemic stroke. Accumulating evidence demonstrated that microRNAs contributed to the etiology of ischemic stroke and modulated the pathophysiological process such as brain edema, local inflammation, and apoptosis in the brain tissues after stroke. And we also discussed the potential application of microRNAs in ischemic stroke such as a biomarker of stroke and drug target. In conclusion, microRNAs play an important role in stroke etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy for ischemic stroke. It needs further research to investigate the biological function in ischemic stroke before it enters the clinical practice.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs in endometriosis: biological function and emerging biomarker candidates†

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 1167-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Bjorkman ◽  
Hugh S Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Transcriptional Regulators ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Small Noncoding Rna ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women ◽  
Delayed Time

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNA molecules, have been recognized as key post-transcriptional regulators associated with a multitude of human diseases. Global expression profiling studies have uncovered hundreds of miRNAs that are dysregulated in several diseases, and yielded many candidate biomarkers. This review will focus on miRNAs in endometriosis, a common chronic disease affecting nearly 10% of reproductive-aged women, which can cause pelvic pain, infertility, and a myriad of other symptoms. Endometriosis has delayed time to diagnosis when compared to other chronic diseases, as there is no current accurate, easily accessible, and noninvasive tool for diagnosis. Specific miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for this disease in multiple studies. These and other miRNAs have been linked to target genes and functional pathways in disease-specific pathophysiology. Highlighting investigations into the roles of tissue and circulating miRNAs in endometriosis, published through June 2018, this review summarizes new connections between miRNA expression and the pathophysiology of endometriosis, including impacts on fertility. Future applications of miRNA biomarkers for precision medicine in diagnosing and managing endometriosis treatment are also discussed.

scholarly journals MicroRNA expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Baltic ◽  
Milan Baltic ◽  
Zorica Svircev ◽  
Vera Jerant-Patic
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Microrna Expression ◽  
Normal Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Differentiation ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Target Mrna ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

MicroRNAs are a class of short, single-stranded, noncoding RNA molecules that negatively regulate the expression target mRNA at posttranslational level. microRNAs as key regulatory molecules play important biological function and might act as tumor suppressor oncogenes in cancer and lymphomas. microRNAs cause the expression of important cancer related genes and might prove useful in the diagnostics, prognosis, and treatment of some lymphomas This review focuses on the role of microRNAs in normal lymphocyte differentiation and in development of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

scholarly journals The Versatile Role of microRNA-30a in Human Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1616-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changqian Wang ◽  
Xiang Yang ◽  
Yitian Chen ◽  
Longbang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Prognosis And Prediction

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of noncoding RNA molecules of 20-23 nucleotides length that negatively regulate gene expressions in numerous cellular processes. Through complementary paring with target mRNAs, miRNAs have frequently emerged as dual regulators of cancer development by acting on multiple signaling pathways, thereby act as novel biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of response to treatment. As one of them, miR-30a has been found to act as an onco-suppressor of tumorigenesis pathways through inhibition of cellular proliferation, migration and invasion. Simultaneously, miR-30a plays a progressing role in several types of cancer, determined by relevant target genes as well. In the present review, we summarize recent research regarding miR-30a, including its biological function, expression and regulation, especially focusing on its role in cancer development and progression. Clinically, miR-30a may serve as a potential target in the diagnosis and therapy of human cancer.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs in Cerebral Ischemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Yongting Wang ◽  
Guo-Yuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

The risk of ischemic stroke increases substantially with age, making it the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of long-term disability in the world. Numerous studies demonstrated that genes, RNAs, and proteins are involved in the occurrence and development of stroke. Current studies found that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are also closely related to the pathological process of stroke. miRNAs are a group of short, noncoding RNA molecules playing important role in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression and they have emerged as regulators of ischemic preconditioning and ischemic postconditioning. Here we give an overview of the expression and function of miRNAs in the brain, miRNAs as biomarkers during cerebral ischemia, and clinical applications and limitations of miRNAs. Future prospects of miRNAs are also discussed.

Characterization of Ischemic Stroke in CT Images using Image Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Amal Alzain ◽  
Suhaib Alameen ◽  
Rani Elmaki ◽  
Mohamed E. M. Gar-Elnabi
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Gray Level ◽  
Level Variation ◽  
Interactive Data ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Tissues

This study concern to characterize the brain tissues to ischemic stroke, gray matter, white matter and CSF using texture analysisto extract classification features from CT images. The First Order Statistic techniques included sevenfeatures. To find the gray level variation in CT images it complements the FOS features extracted from CT images withgray level in pixels and estimate the variation of thesubpatterns. analyzing the image with Interactive Data Language IDL software to measure the grey level of images. The results show that the Gray Level variation and   features give classification accuracy of ischemic stroke 97.6%, gray matter95.2%, white matter 97.3% and the CSF classification accuracy 98.0%. The overall classification accuracy of brain tissues 97.0%.These relationships are stored in a Texture Dictionary that can be later used to automatically annotate new CT images with the appropriate brain tissues names.

scholarly journals The m6A RNA methylation regulates oncogenic signaling pathways driving cell malignant transformation and carcinogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Burhan Uddin ◽  
Zhishan Wang ◽  
Chengfeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Rna Methylation ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
M6a Rna Methylation ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling Pathways

AbstractThe m6A RNA methylation is the most prevalent internal modification in mammalian mRNAs which plays critical biological roles by regulating vital cellular processes. Dysregulations of the m6A modification due to aberrant expression of its regulatory proteins are frequently observed in many pathological conditions, particularly in cancer. Normal cells undergo malignant transformation via activation or modulation of different oncogenic signaling pathways through complex mechanisms. Accumulating evidence showing regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways at the epitranscriptomic level has added an extra layer of the complexity. In particular, recent studies demonstrated that, in many types of cancers various oncogenic signaling pathways are modulated by the m6A modification in the target mRNAs as well as noncoding RNA transcripts. m6A modifications in these RNA molecules control their fate and metabolism by regulating their stability, translation or subcellular localizations. In this review we discussed recent exciting studies on oncogenic signaling pathways that are modulated by the m6A RNA modification and/or their regulators in cancer and provided perspectives for further studies. The regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways by the m6A modification and its regulators also render them as potential druggable targets for the treatment of cancer.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Repairing the Neurovascular Unit after Ischemic Stroke

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Courtney Davis ◽  
Sean I. Savitz ◽  
Nikunj Satani
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Neurovascular Unit ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules ◽  
The Brain

Ischemic stroke is a debilitating disease and one of the leading causes of long-term disability. During the early phase after ischemic stroke, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) exhibits increased permeability and disruption, leading to an influx of immune cells and inflammatory molecules that exacerbate the damage to the brain tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells have been investigated as a promising therapy to improve the recovery after ischemic stroke. The therapeutic effects imparted by MSCs are mostly paracrine. Recently, the role of extracellular vesicles released by these MSCs have been studied as possible carriers of information to the brain. This review focuses on the potential of MSC derived EVs to repair the components of the neurovascular unit (NVU) controlling the BBB, in order to promote overall recovery from stroke. Here, we review the techniques for increasing the effectiveness of MSC-based therapeutics, such as improved homing capabilities, bioengineering protein expression, modified culture conditions, and customizing the contents of EVs. Combining multiple techniques targeting NVU repair may provide the basis for improved future stroke treatment paradigms.

scholarly journals Pure Motor Stroke Secondary to Cerebral Infarction of Recurrent Artery of Heubner after Mild Head Trauma: A Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Ali Yilmaz ◽  
Zahir Kizilay ◽  
Ayca Ozkul ◽  
Bayram Çirak
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Acute Ischemia ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Perforating Arteries ◽  
Pure Motor

BACKGROUND: The recurrent Heubner's artery is the distal part of the medial striate artery. Occlusion of the recurrent artery of Heubner, classically contralateral hemiparesis with fasciobrachiocrural predominance, is attributed to the occlusion of the recurrent artery of Heubner and is widely known as a stroke syndrome in adults. However, isolated occlusion of the deep perforating arteries following mild head trauma also occurs extremely rarely in childhood.CASE REPORT: Here we report the case of an 11-year-old boy with pure motor stroke. The brain MRI showed an acute ischemia in the recurrent artery of Heubner supply area following mild head trauma. His fasciobrachial hemiparesis and dysarthria were thought to be secondary to the stretching of deep perforating arteries leading to occlusion of the recurrent artery of Heubner.CONCLUSION: Post-traumatic pure motor ischemic stroke can be secondary to stretching of the deep perforating arteries especially in childhood.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document