scholarly journals A Clinical Review of the Association of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Cognitive Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Annerbo ◽  
Johan Lökk
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Concentration ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Strong Body

Clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism as well as overt hyperthyroidism in middle-aged and elderly adults are both associated with decreased cognitive functioning as memory, reaction time, and visuospatial organization. Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH) or low serum concentrations of TSH concentrations have been associated with dementia in previous epidemiological studies, but the association in the elderly has not been established. There is little or no consensus regarding how thyroid function is associated with cognitive performance in the elderly. In this focused review, we have performed an examination between eleven studies from the last five years examining the association between thyroid function and cognitive performance in elderly people, a group who is overrepresented among individuals with minor abnormalities in serum TSH and thyroid hormone concentration. Six of the studies showed a consistent finding of an association between SH with cognitive impairment or dementia. In general, taking into account the largest and most powerfully designed studies, there is a strong body of evidence supporting the association between SH and cognitive impairment. The scarce number of publications on these topics indicates the need of more research especially regarding longitudinal and interventional studies thus hopefully enabling confirmation or rejection of causality between TSH abnormalities and dementia.

Prestroke Physical Activity and Poststroke Cognitive Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 632-638
Author(s):  
Andreas Gammelgaard Damsbo ◽  
Janne Kaergaard Mortensen ◽  
Kristian Lundsgaard Kraglund ◽  
Søren Paaske Johnsen ◽  
Grethe Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Physical Activity Scale

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Physical activity (PA) is associated with a lower risk of stroke and stroke mortality as well as a favorable stroke outcome. PA may also prevent general cognitive decline. Poststroke cognitive impairment is both common and disabling, and focusing on all possible preventive measures is important. Studies on the effect of PA on poststroke cognitive performance are sparse, however. We therefore aimed to examine the association between prestroke PA and poststroke cognitive performance. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We studied the correlation between prestroke PA and poststroke cognitive performance in a prespecified analysis in The Efficacy of Citalopram Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke (TALOS) trial. We used the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) to collect information on PA during the 7-day period before stroke. PA was quantified, and patients were stratified into quartiles based on their PASE score. Cognitive performance was measured using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) at 1 and 6 months and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at 6 months. The functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 625 of 642 patients (97%) completed the PASE questionnaire. The median age was 69 (interquartile range [IQR]: 60–77), and the median PASE score was 137 (82–205). Higher prestroke PASE quartiles (2nd, 3rd, and 4th, each compared to the 1st) were independently associated with a higher SDMT score at 1 month in the both the univariable and multivariable analyses (2nd: 3.99 points, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–6.97; 3rd: 3.6, CI: 0.6–6.61; 4th: 4.1, CI: 0.95–7.24). This association remained at 6 months. PA was not statistically associated with the MMSE score or mRS. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Higher prestroke PA was associated with a better cognitive performance as measured by the SDMT at 1 and 6 months poststroke. We found no significant association between prestroke PA and functional outcome. Our results are encouraging and support further investigations of PA as a protective measure against poststroke cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Impact of cognitive performance on the functional capacity of an elderly population in Natal, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keithlen Cruz Moreira de Castro ◽  
Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Examination

Functional incapacity and cognitive impairment are conditions related to the process of human aging. Cognitive impairment is considered an important predicitve factor for functional impairment in elderly populations. This cross-sectional study analyzes the association between cognitive performance and functional capacity in an elderly population sample in Natal, Brazil. A total of 213 elderly persons were assessed by the BOAS Multidimensional Questionnaire (Brazil Old Age Schedule) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The results of multivariate analysis and linear regression showed that age and schooling level are factors associated with cognitive performance in the elderly of this study. The final explicative model, elaborated by logistic regression, found that cognitive performance was the only predicitve variable of functional incapacity for the activities of daily living even when adjusted for sociodemographic variables.

scholarly journals Iodine Intake and the Pattern of Thyroid Disorders: A Comparative Epidemiological Study of Thyroid Abnormalities in the Elderly in Iceland and in Jutland, Denmark

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Laurberg ◽  
Klaus M. Pedersen ◽  
Astradur Hreidarsson ◽  
Nikulas Sigfusson ◽  
Eigil Iversen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Thyroid Abnormalities ◽  
Serum Tsh

Thyroid abnormalities are common in all populations, but it is difficult to compare results of epidemiological studies, because different methods have been used for evaluation. We studied the importance of the population iodine intake level for the prevalence rate of various thyroid abnormalities in elderly subjects. Random samples of elderly subjects (68 yr) were selected from the central person registers in Jutland, Denmark, with low (n = 423) and, in Iceland, with longstanding relatively high (n = 100) iodine intake. Females from Jutland had a high prevalence of goiter or previous goiter surgery (12.2%), compared with males from Jutland (3.2%) and females (1.9%) and males (2.2%) from Iceland. Abnormal thyroid function was very common in both areas, with serum TSH outside the reference range in 13.5% of subjects from Jutland and 19% of those from Iceland. In Jutland, it was mainly thyroid hyperfunction (9.7% had low, 3.8% had high serum TSH), whereas in Iceland, it was impaired thyroid function (1% had low, 18% had high serum TSH). All subjects with serum TSH more than 10 mU/L had autoantibodies in serum, but antibodies were, in general, more common in Jutland than in Iceland. Thus, thyroid abnormalities in populations with low iodine intake and those with high iodine intake develop in opposite directions: goiter and thyroid hyperfunction when iodine intake is relatively low, and impaired thyroid function when iodine intake is relatively high. Probably, mild iodine deficiency partly protects against autoimmune thyroid disease. Thyroid autoantibodies may be markers of an autoimmune process in the thyroid or secondary to the development of goiter.

scholarly journals Thyroid Function and Cognition during Aging

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Bégin ◽  
M. F. Langlois ◽  
D. Lorrain ◽  
S. C. Cunnane
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Normal Limits

We summarize here the studies examining the association between thyroid function and cognitive performance from an aging perspective. The available data suggest that there may be a continuum in which cognitive dysfunction can result from increased or decreased concentrations of thyroid hormones. Clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism as well as hyperthyroidism in middle-aged and elderly adults are both associated with decreased cognitive functioning, especially memory, visuospatial organization, attention, and reaction time. Mild variations of thyroid function, even within normal limits, can have significant consequences for cognitive function in the elderly. Different cognitive deficits possibly related to thyroid failure do not necessarily follow a consistent pattern, and L-thyroxine treatment may not always completely restore normal functioning in patients with hypothyroidism. There is little or no consensus in the literature regarding how thyroid function is associated with cognitive performance in the elderly.

Thyroid Function Changes in the Elderly and Their Relationship to Cardiovascular Health: A Mini-Review

Gerontology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Barbesino
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sixth Decade

Background: Thyroid hormones have significant effects on the cardiovascular systems. In general, hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased risk of dysrhythmias, while hypothyroidism may cause atherosclerosis. Recent large studies have sought to identify aging-associated changes in thyroid function and their relevance to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Conflicting results have often been published, likely due to the heterogeneity of the studied populations. Objective: This review seeks to briefly summarize the most recent large population studies analyzing thyroid changes with aging and interpreting their effects on cardiovascular health in the elderly. Methods: Selective review of recent literature. Results: The emerging pattern suggests a slight decrease in thyroid function in the elderly leading to slightly higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. However, the incidence of mild hyperthyroidism also increases, especially in populations with historical or current iodine deficiency. Large observational studies suggest that the potential harm from mild hypothyroidism seen in younger population tends to diminish in older subjects, while the harm from mild hyperthyroidism becomes more significant. A markedly increased risk of atrial fibrillation is a well-established consequence of subclinical hyperthyroidism in patients in the sixth decade of life and beyond. Conclusions: The absence of large prospective interventional data does not allow the formulation of strict clinical recommendations, but a higher TSH threshold for treating both subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism in the elderly seems reasonable.

The Relationship Between Cognition and Mortality in Patients with Stroke, Coronary Heart Disease, or Cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaarin J. Anstey ◽  
Holly A. Mack ◽  
Chwee von Sanden
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Numerous studies have reported an association between cognitive impairment and an increased risk for mortality. Most results are from large epidemiological studies and control for medical conditions that may relate to cognitive decline, as well as an increased mortality risk. The aim of this review was to evaluate the association between cognitive performance and mortality within patient samples of stroke, cancer, or coronary heart disease. After reviewing the PubMed literature for articles on stroke, cancer, and cardiovascular related illnesses, 47 longitudinal studies were identified that met the cognition/mortality search criteria. In general, the results demonstrated that within the clinical groups studied, cognitive performance and cognitive impairment both predict mortality, although results were less consistent for coronary heart disease. This study adds further support for the ubiquity of the association of cognitive performance with health outcomes and mortality. Optimizing health has implications for both cognitive performance and longevity.

scholarly journals Physical activity and cognition in the elderly: A review

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Leopold Busse ◽  
Gislaine Gil ◽  
José Maria Santarém ◽  
Wilson Jacob Filho
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Control

Abstract Physical activity has been indicated as a strategy to promote health in the elderly, as well as to encourage the maintenance of functional capacity, and acts in the prevention and control of various diseases. In recent years, there has been great interest in studying the benefits of physical activity in the preservation or even improvement of cognitive performance in both the elderly without cognitive impairment and in elderly patients with some degree of cognitive impairment or dementia. The majority of epidemiological studies and clinical trials have evaluated aerobic exercises while few have assessed resistance exercise programs. The objective of this review was to examine the effects of different types of physical activity on cognitive function of elderly individuals with or without prior impairment.

scholarly journals Subjective cognitive impairment, cognitive disorders and self-perceived health: The importance of the informant

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Mariana Luciano de Almeida ◽  
Daniela Dalpubel ◽  
Estela Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Eduardo Schneider Bueno de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Hotta Ansai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACT There is great divergence of results in the literature regarding the clinical relevance and etiology of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI). Currently, SCI is studied as a pre-clinical symptom of Alzheimer's disease, before establishing a possible diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The hypothesis was that SCI is associated with low cognitive performance and poor self-perceived health. Objective: to investigate the relationship of SCI with objective cognitive impairment and self-perceived health in older individuals and to compare SCI reported by the elderly subjects and by their respective informants. Methods: 83 subjects participated in the study, divided between the forms of the Memory Complaint Scale (MCS). Cognition was evaluated by the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - Revised and self-perceived health by the Short Form Health Survey-8. Results: there was no association between SCI and self-perceived health. SCI reported by the older adults was associated with executive functions. SCI reported by the informant was associated with overall cognitive performance, memory, verbal fluency and visuospatial functions. Conclusion: we found more robust results between SCI reported by the informant and cognitive impairment in the elderly assessed. There is a need to include and value the perception of someone who knows the older individual well enough to evaluate SCI globally.

scholarly journals Cognitive performance of long-term institutionalized elderly patients with schizophrenia: A case control study

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Paim Diaz ◽  
Monica Zavaloni Scalco ◽  
Marcelo Libório Schwarzbold ◽  
Douglas Affonso Formolo ◽  
Alberto Stoppe Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychiatric Diseases ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
History Of ◽  
Language Abstraction ◽  
Institutionalized Patients

Abstract Cognitive impairment is inherent to the ageing process. Several studies suggest that patients with late-life schizophrenia have more marked cognitive impairment. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the cognitive performance of elderly institutionalized patients with schizophrenia and institutionalized elderly control patients without neurological or psychiatric diseases, matched for age, educational level and institutionalization time. Methods: The Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMCOG) was used to test 10 institutionalized elderly patients with schizophrenia. Results were compared with those of 10 institutionalized control patients with history of Hansen's disease. Results: Patients with schizophrenia showed a worse performance in terms of total CAMCOG score and on its subtests of orientation, language, abstraction, and memory (p≤0.05). Patients with schizophrenia also disclosed a non-significant trend toward lower scores on the MMSE and on calculus. Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that schizophrenia was associated to worse cognitive impairment in long-term institutionalized elderly patients compared with institutionalized patients without neurological or psychiatric diseases.

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