scholarly journals Effect Analysis of Intermittent Release Measures in Heavy Fog Weather with an Improved CA Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shi ◽  
Jinhua Tan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Ca Model

Heavy fog may easily cause traffic accidents; thus freeway closures are frequently taken in order to ensure traffic safety in China, which not only seriously affect the travel of people, but also bring great economic losses. This paper studies the fog related risk of rear-end collisions and the intermittent release measures taken to reduce such risk; meanwhile, an improved cellular automaton model considering driving behaviors in heavy fog is proposed. The simulation results indicate that the risk indicatorfain fog is much higher than normal weather when cellular occupancyρ<0.5. After taking intermittent release measures, the magnitude offawill drop from 10−4to 10−5under the same fog condition, which greatly enhances the safety. In addition, this paper concludes the appropriate vehicle number released for each time and the time intervalhtbetween adjacent fleets and the maximum number of vehicles𝒬maxwhich can be released per hour. These results can be used as theoretical basis and reference for the traffic management departments to develop intermittent release measures.

Traffic accident and emission reduction through intermittent release measures for heavy fog weather

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (25) ◽  
pp. 1550148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shi ◽  
Jin-Hua Tan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Heavy fog weather can increase traffic accidents and lead to freeway closures which result in delays. This paper aims at exploring traffic accident and emission characteristics in heavy fog, as well as freeway intermittent release measures for heavy fog weather. A driving simulator experiment is conducted for obtaining driving behaviors in heavy fog. By proposing a multi-cell cellular automaton (CA) model based on the experimental data, the role of intermittent release measures on the reduction of traffic accidents and CO emissions is studied. The results show that, affected by heavy fog, when cellular occupancy [Formula: see text], the probability of traffic accidents is much higher; and CO emissions increase significantly when [Formula: see text]. After an intermittent release measure is applied, the probability of traffic accidents and level of CO emissions become reasonable. Obviously, the measure can enhance traffic safety and reduce emissions.

scholarly journals Portable Telematic System as an Effective Traffic Flow Management in Workzones

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Ščerba ◽  
Tomáš Apeltauer ◽  
Jiří Apeltauer
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Traffic Flow Management ◽  
Negative Impacts

Abstract Traffic infrastructure localities with temporal restrictions for example due to reconstructions, or modernization, are important aspects influencing the traffic safety and traffic flow. On the basis of our research, we can identify main factors, which generate travel time loses, and which often cause traffic accidents in bottlenecks. First of all, it is improper late merge, speeding, tailgating, lower tolerance and consideration to other road users. Nervousness and ignorance of drivers also play an important role in generation of traffic congestions, lower level of service and resulting external economic loses. One of the tools eliminating the traffic restriction negative impacts is usage of portable telematics systems. In 2011 to 2013,project ViaZONE was in progress, which was to design an intelligent system with the aim to eliminate the mentioned risks and reduce economic losses generated by traffic congestions. Using available data and information, we have proved profitability and cost-effectiveness of dynamic systems for traffic control of work zones. Regarding traffic management, the system showed some problems due to indisciplined drivers and the system proved that speeding in these hazardous road segments is a common practice which caused accidents and congestions.

scholarly journals The Effects of Picking Up Primary School Pupils on Surrounding Street’s Traffic: A Case Study in Hanoi

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-250
Author(s):  
Dinh Hiep ◽  
Vu V. Huy ◽  
Teppei Kato ◽  
Aya Kojima ◽  
Hisashi Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Almost All

Introduction: One of the significant characteristics of schools in Vietnam is that almost all parents send their children to school and/or pick up their children from school using private vehicles (motorcycles). The parents usually stop and park their vehicle on streets outside the school gates, which can lead to serious congestion and increases the likelihood of traffic accidents. Methods: The objective of this study is to find out factors affecting the picking up of pupils at primary school by evaluating the typical primary schools in Hanoi city. A binary logistic regression model was used to determine factors that influence the decision of picking up pupils and the waiting duration of parents. The behavior of motorcyclists during the process of picking up pupils at the primary school gate has been identified and analyzed in detail by the Kinovea software. Results and Discussion: The study showed that, on the way back home, almost all parents use motorbikes (89.15%) to pick up their children. During their waiting time (8.48 minutes in average), they made a lot of illegal parking actions on the street there by, causing a lot of “cognitive” errors and “crash” points surrounding in front of the primary school entrance gate. Risky picking-up behaviors were significantly observed, i.e. picking-up on opposite side of the school, making a U-turn, backing-up dangerously, parking on the middle of street, and parking on the street next to sidewalk). Conclusion: Based on the analyzed results, several traffic management measures have been suggested to enhance traffic safety and reduce traffic congestion in front of school gates. In addition, the results of the study will provide a useful reference for policymakers and authorities.

scholarly journals Human factor and traffic safety

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Ewa Brożyna
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Road User ◽  
Road Design

This article deals with issues in the field of traffic engineering. According to its assumptions, traffic is a system consisting of three inseparable elements which are man, vehicle and road. In this article, the author focuses on the relationship between two of these elements: human as a road user and a path that should be a subordinate of the user’s capabilities and convenience. The first part of the article is an introduction to the topic of the article. There are presented the data on the amount of road traffic accidents caused by human factors and the categories of errors committed by drivers. In the further part there were analyzed the biological factors which have influence on driver’s actions such as sight, attention and reaction time with particular emphasis on the imperfections of those factors which should be taken into account when designing roads and organizing traffic because it lets to provide a higher level of road safety. The purpose of this article is to develop practical conclusions for road design and traffic management that will help to better adjust the road transport infrastructure to the capabilities and natural limitations of the human person. These conclusions are included in the summary.

scholarly journals Driving Behaviors in Iran: Comparison of Impulsivity, Attentional Bias, and Decision-Making Styles in Safe and High-Risk Drivers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Barati ◽  
Abas Pourshahbaz ◽  
Masode Nosratabadi ◽  
Yasaman Shiasy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Risky Driving ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
Risky Driving Behaviors

Objective: Road traffic injuries are leading cause of death and economic losses, particularly in developing countries such as Iran. Thus, increased understanding of the causes of traffic accidents can help solve this problem. The primary goal of this study was to examine attentional bias, decision-making styles, and impulsiveness in drivers with safe or risky driving behaviors. The secondary purpose was to determine the variance of each variable among 2 groups of drivers. Method: This was a cross sectional design study, in which 120 male drivers aged 20-30 years (60 males with risky driving behaviors and 60 with safe driving behaviors) were recruited from Tehran using sampling technique. Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), Decision-Making Style Scale (DMSQ), Manchester Driver Behavior Questionnaire (MDBQ), Self-Assessment Manikin Scale (SAM), and Dot Probe Task were used. The analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 22. Results: The mean age of participants was 26 years. Significant differences were found between impulsiveness (attentional, motor, and non planning impulsiveness) and decision-making styles (spontaneous and avoidant) between the 2 groups. Also, based on the results of discriminant function analysis (DFS), the subscales of impulsiveness and 2 decision-making styles explained 25% of the variance in the 2 groups of risky and safe drivers. Conclusion: Findings of this study indicated that impulsiveness and 2 decision-making styles were predominant factors. Therefore, not only is there a need for research to reduce traffic accidents, but studies can also be helpful in issuing driving licenses to individuals.

scholarly journals An Investigation into Unsafe Behaviors and Traffic Accidents Involving Unlicensed Drivers: A Perspective for Alignment Measurement

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa Boulagouas ◽  
Susana García-Herrero ◽  
Rachid Chaib ◽  
Juan Diego Febres ◽  
Miguel Ángel Mariscal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Unsafe Behaviors ◽  
Regulatory Failure ◽  
Serious Injuries

Road traffic plays a vital role in countries’ economic growth and future development. However, traffic accidents are considered a major public health issue affecting humankind. Despite efforts by governments to improve traffic safety, the misalignment between the policy efforts and on-ground infringements, distractions and breaches reflect the regulatory failure. This paper uses the Bayesian network method to investigate unsafe behaviors and traffic accidents involving unlicensed drivers as a perspective for the regulatory alignment assessment. The findings suggest that: (1) unlicensed drivers are more likely to have unsafe driving behaviors; (2) the probability of being involved in a severe traffic accident increases when the drivers are unlicensed and decreases in the case of licensed drivers; (3) young drivers are noticeably more likely to engage in unsafe behaviors, usually leading to serious injuries and deaths, when their driving licenses are invalid; (4) women are more likely to engage in right-of-way violations and to have collisions with no serious injuries, contrary to unlicensed men drivers, who are involved in other types of traffic accidents resulting in serious injuries.

scholarly journals Basic Methodology of Traffic Management for the Street and Road Network of a Large City with Traffic Lights Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
S. V. Vitolin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Large City ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Network Load

The objective of the article is to develop a system of principles and methods aimed at improving management of transport flows on the street and road network of a large city with traffic lights regulation. The suggested methodology is based on the methods used in Russia and abroad to improve road traffic safety and quality, results of a survey of experts in the field of road design and traffic management, monitoring at regulated crossings, and analysis of road accidents in the city of Volgograd. The primary customer property of a regulated crossing is road safety. Elimination of causes of road traffic accidents associated with road traffic, structural geometric, signalling, and technical conditions is the most important task regarding a regulated crossing. Enhancing road traffic quality at low levels of network load supposed considering demand for transportation, increase in travel comfort, coordination, and flexibility of traffic lights operation. High degree of network load supposes that more attention is paid to traffic capacity of the street and road network elements, restrained access of vehicles to areas of greater congestion, increased duration of a green light cycle (for more than 120 seconds, if this does not affect traffic safety and network congestion degree).

scholarly journals Show Me a Safer Way: Detecting Anomalous Driving Behavior Using Online Traffic Footage

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Xiao Zheng ◽  
Fumi Wu ◽  
Weizhang Chen ◽  
Elham Naghizade ◽  
Kourosh Khoshelham
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Real Time Traffic ◽  
Online Traffic ◽  
Novel Applications

Real-time traffic monitoring is essential in many novel applications, from traffic management to smart navigation systems. The large number of traffic cameras being integrated into urban infrastructures has enabled efficient traffic monitoring as an intervention in reducing traffic accidents and related casualties. In this paper, we focus on the problem of the automatic detection of anomalous driving behaviors, e.g., speeding or stopping on a bike lane, by using the traffic-camera feed that is available online. This can play an important role in personalized route-planning applications where, for instance, a user wants find the safest paths to get to a destination. We present an integrated system that accurately detects, tracks, and classifies vehicles using online traffic-camera feed.

Simulation study of traffic accidents on a three-lane highway

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jau-Yang Chang ◽  
Wun-Cing Lai
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic Flow Model ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Driving Behaviors

Unsuitable driving behaviors often lead to the occurrence of traffic accidents. To reduce accidents and to prolong human life, simulated investigations are highly desirable to evaluate the effect of traffic safety in terms of number of traffic accidents. In this paper, a three-lane traffic flow model is proposed to analyze the probability of the occurrence of traffic accidents on highway. We define appropriate driving rules for the forward moving and lane changing of the vehicles. Three types of vehicle accidents are designed to investigate the relationships between different driving behaviors and traffic accidents. We simulate four road driving strategies, and compute the traffic flow, velocity, lane-changing frequency and the probability of the occurrence of traffic accidents for different road driving strategies. According to the simulation and analysis, it is shown that the probability of the occurrence of traffic accidents can be reduced by using the specified road driving strategies. Additionally, we found that the occurrence of traffic accidents can be avoided when the slow vehicles are suitably constrained to move on a three-lane highway.

scholarly journals Driver and vehicle type parameters' contribution to traffic safety in UAE

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharaf A. Alkheder ◽  
Reem Sabouni ◽  
Hany El Naggar ◽  
Abdul Rahim Sabouni
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Type ◽  
Traffic Awareness ◽  
Safety Studies ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Involvement Rate

Former traffic safety studies showed clearly that driver or human factor is a major contributor to road accidents. Hence, to better understand the traffic accident nature it's so vital to analyze all characteristics related to drivers involved in these accidents. This article focuses on this aspect through using a dataset representing UAE traffic accidents in the time interval between 2007 and 2010. A major focus was given in this article to analyzing the relation between traffic accidents and driver citizenship for all types of involved vehicles. This was due to the fact that drivers in UAE came from different backgrounds (over than 100 citizenships) and hence it's so important to identify citizenships with major involvement in road accidents for each vehicle type. This will allow traffic authorities to give special attentions to these citizenships and vehicle types through special traffic awareness programs, fining system or other preventive measures aiming to reduce the accidents frequency and severity levels. Results indicated that for all types of vehicles emirates nationals drivers represent the citizenship with the highest involvement rate in traffic accidents (30.02%) followed by Pakistanis (21.26%) then comes the Indians drivers with a percentage of 11.95%. Light vehicle type traffic accidents statistics shows that a general trend can be seen for all citizenships where there is an increase in the number of traffic accidents over the course of the three years. The main contribution of the paper is its uniqueness in analyzing such accidents database after the implementation of the new unified traffic law in UAE.

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