scholarly journals Interrater Reproducibility of Knee Movement Analyses during the Stance Phase: Use of Anatomical Landmark Calibration with a Rigid Marker Set

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Fukaya ◽  
Hirotaka Mutsuzaki ◽  
Yasuyoshi Wadano
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Knee Movement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement

Objective.Measurements of knee joint movement in gait analysis may result in large errors caused by misplacement of reflective markers by the testers. To properly understand the measurement results, it is important to guarantee the reliability of the measurement method used for the purpose. The aim of this study was to confirm the interrater reproducibility of a measurement method with a rigid marker set (RMS).Methods.The study subjects were four healthy adults, and the testers were three physical therapists. The interrater reproducibility of the measurements was verified by using the coefficient of multiple correlations (CMCs) and the standard error of measurement (SEM).Results.The average CMCs values of 4 subjects in knee joint movement at the stance phase were greater than 0.8, and the average SEM values of 4 subjects in knee joint movement at the stance phase were also relatively good (maximum error: 2.42°).Conclusion.Based on these results, the measurement method with estimation of anatomical landmarks using the RMS can prevent misplacement during attachment of the reflective markers, as long as the testers have sufficient experience in attaching reflective markers.

Modeling the resistance mechanism of passive knee joint flexion and extension for use in rehabilitation equipment

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192199013
Author(s):  
Mansoor Amiri ◽  
Farhad Tabatabai Ghomsheh ◽  
Farshad Ghazalian
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Elastic Coefficient ◽  
Knee Movement ◽  
Joint Flexion ◽  
Flexion And Extension

The purpose of this study was to model the resistance mechanism of Passive Knee Joint Flexion and Extension to create a similar torque mechanism in rehabilitation equipment. In order to better model the behavior of passive knee tissues, it is necessary to exactly calculate the two coefficients of elasticity of time-independent and time-dependent parts. Ten healthy male volunteers (mean height 176.4+/−4.59 cm) participated in this study. Passive knee joint flexion and extension occurred at velocities of 15, 45, and 120 (degree/s), and in five consecutive cycles and within the range of 0 to 100° of knee movement on the sagittal plane on Cybex isokinetic dynamometer. To ensure that the muscles were relaxed, the electrical activity of knee muscles was recorded. The elastic coefficient, (KS) increased with elevating the passive velocity in flexion and extension. The elastic coefficient, (KP) was observed to grow with the passive velocity increase. While, the viscous coefficient (C) diminished with passive velocity rise in extension and flexion. The heightened passive velocity of the motion resulted in increased hysteresis (at a rate of 42%). The desired of passive velocity is lower so that there is less energy lost and the viscoelastic resistance of the tissue in the movement decreases. The Coefficient of Determination, R2 between the model-responses and experimental curves in the extension was 0.96 < R2 < 0.99 and in flexion was 0.95 < R2 < 0.99. This modeling is capable of predicting the true performance of the components of passive knee movement and we can create a resistance mechanism in the rehabilitation equipment to perform knee joint movement. Quantitative measurements of two elastic coefficients of Time-independent and Time-dependent parts passive knee joint coefficients should be used for better accurate simulation the behavior of passive tissues in the knee which is not seen in other studies.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Knee Joint Movement with Biplanar Photography, with Special Reference to the Analysis of ‘dynamic’ Knee Instabilities

1993 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Matsumoto ◽  
B B Seedhom
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Pivot Shift ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
Knee Movement ◽  
Cadaveric Knee

An apparatus was developed by means of which it was possible to move a cadaveric knee joint under a constant external force and to measure its movement in three dimensions using biplanar photography, to investigate mechanisms of ‘dynamic’ knee instabilities, such as the ‘pivot shift’ phenomenon. Two wire frameworks, one attached to the femur, the other to the tibia, defined a system of three mutually orthogonal axes. While the knee joint was moved under a given force, a series of biplanar photographs of the two frameworks were taken. This procedure was repeated after sectioning different ligaments simulating different injuries. The joint was finally fully disarticulated, but leaving the reference wire frameworks still attached to their respective bone. Another series of biplanar photographs of the femur and tibia were taken. From these two series of measurements, movements of the tibia with respect to the femur were calculated. With this two-step method, knee movements could be measured without damaging the knee structures before or during the actual measurement (which could change the knee movement itself). On validating the system, it was concluded that knee movement could be measured with sufficient accuracy for the analysis of knee instability.

scholarly journals Influence of Pain on Knee Joint Movement and Moment during the Stance Phase in Patients with Severe Bilateral Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 756
Author(s):  
Takashi Fukaya ◽  
Hirotaka Mutsuzaki ◽  
Koichi Mori
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Bilateral Knee ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the side-to-side differences in knee joint movement and moment for the degree of pain in the walking stance phase in patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis (KOA) of comparable severity. We hypothesized that knee joint movement and moment on the side with strong pain were lower compared with the side with weak pain. Materials and Methods: We included 11 patients diagnosed with bilateral severe KOA. In all patients’ left and right knees, the Kellgren–Lawrence radiographic scoring system grade was level 4, and the femorotibial angle and knee range of motion were equivalent. Following patients’ interviews with an orthopedic surgeon, we performed a comparative study with KOA with strong pain (KOAs) as the strong painful side and KOA with weak pain (KOAw) as the weak painful side. Data for changes in bilateral knee joint angles in three dimensions during the stance phase and bilateral knee sagittal and frontal moments exerted in the early and late stance phases were extracted from kinematics and kinetics analyses. Results: Three-dimensional joint movements in the knee joint were not significantly different in all phases between KOAs and KOAw. Knee extensor moment in the early stance phase in KOAs was significantly smaller than that in KOAw. Knee abductor moment in the early and late stance phase was not significantly different between KOAs and KOAw. Conclusions: Although we found no difference in joint motion in bilateral knee joints, knee extensor moment on the side with strong pain was decreased. In patients with bilateral severe KOA, it was suggested that the magnitude of knee pain contributed to the decrease in knee joint function.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN KINETIC VARIABLES AND SMOOTHNESS OF KNEE JOINT MOVEMENT IN THE STANCE PHASE

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 1450079 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKASHI FUKAYA ◽  
HIROTAKA MUTSUZAKI ◽  
HAJIME ITO ◽  
YASUYOSHI WADANO
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Other ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Important Index ◽  
Three Phases

The purposes of this study were to clarify which period of the stance phase shows the greatest decrease in the smoothness of the knee joint movement and to analyze the relationships between kinetic variables and the smoothness of the knee joint movement during the stance phase using the angular jerk cost (AJC). The study subjects were 11 healthy adults. To clarify the relationships between the kinetic variables and the AJC, Pearson's product correlation coefficients were calculated for the AJC and three kinetic variables. The AJC in the early stance phase was significantly larger than those in the other three phases, and it was confirmed that the early stance phase showed the greatest decrease in smoothness of the knee joint movement. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the AJC and the vertical component of the ground reaction force in the early stance phase. Correlations between the AJC and the kinetic variables were also found in the other three phases. Regarding evaluation of the smoothness of the knee joint movement using the AJC based on the present results, the AJC may be an important index for understanding the dynamics of the knee joint in the early stance phase.

IN VITRO PATELLAR TRACKING PATTERN MEASUREMENT BASED ON MOVING LEAST SQUARES CURVE FITTING

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 1350031
Author(s):  
LI W. QIAN ◽  
JIAN P. WANG ◽  
MING YE ◽  
CHENG T. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Optical Tracking ◽  
Patellar Tracking ◽  
Moving Least Squares ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Joint Movement

Patellar tracking is important to the diagnosis of patellofemoral (PF) joint disorders, the rehabilitation assessment, and prosthesis design. The aim of this study was to find out the general pattern in the movement of the PF joint. An optical tracking system was utilized to measure the knee joint movement in vitro. Five healthy right legs amputated from cadavers were used to simulate a normal squat with a material testing machine. In order to describe the PF motion, an effective customized coordinate system (COS) was established based on anatomical landmarks. To reduce the noise in the data and to retain the inherent continuity in the knee joint motion measurement, a basic moving least squares (MLS) method was used to fit the collected data. In fitted curves corresponding to characteristics of the PF joint movement, general patterns were found in patellar flexion, anterior, and distal translations. These results are highly valuable to support surgeons in making clinical decisions. The smooth fitted curves are potentially useful for kinetics analysis and joint load estimation.

SMOOTHNESS USING ANGULAR JERK COST OF THE KNEE JOINT MOVEMENT AFTER A REDUCTION IN WALKING SPEED

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 1350037 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKASHI FUKAYA ◽  
HIROTAKA MUTSUZAKI ◽  
YASUYOSHI WADANO
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Important Index

The angular jerk cost (AJC) was proposed to objectively represent the smoothness of joint movement by calculating the time-dependent changes in acceleration during motion. There are currently no reports focusing on smoothness using AJC measurements of the knee joint movement during the stance phase of gait. The purpose of this study was to verify whether a reduced walking speed affects the smoothness of the knee joint movement during the stance phase of gait. The gaits of 12 healthy adults were assessed. A slower walker showed a significant reduction in the AJC value in the period between the initial contact and the loading response, as compared with someone walking at a comfortable speed. The maximum ground reaction force of the stance phase at a comfortable walking speed was significantly larger than that at a slower walking speed. Thus, although the smoothness of the knee joint was impaired by a rapid load in the early stance phase, a slower walking speed reduced the ground reaction force and angular acceleration of the knee joint and created a smoother movement. The AJC can be an important index for understanding the smoothness of the knee joint in the early stance phase.

Compliant orthoses for repositioning of knee joint based on super-elasticity of shape memory alloys

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (15) ◽  
pp. 3136-3150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Sadeghian ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zakerzadeh ◽  
Morad Karimpour ◽  
Mostafa Baghani
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Distinct Level

People suffering from neuromuscular diseases may also face certain abnormalities in their walking pattern. Patients with quadriceps muscle weakness suffer from flexion contracture as well as flexion instability during the gait cycle. In this article, a knee-ankle-foot orthosis design is proposed with two different mechanisms for the stance and swing phases, addressing the needs of patients with quadriceps muscle weakness. The stance phase mechanism locks the knee joint movement from the initial contact until the end of mid-swing and after mid-stance phase, the knee joint can flex freely. OpenSim was utilized to simulate patients with muscle weakness as well as calculating the required moment to mimic the stiffness of a normal knee joint. The super-elasticity of shape memory alloys was then used to reproduce the calculated moment for different levels of muscle weakness. It is shown that by designing patient-specific orthosis, the stiffness profile of normal joint for each patient with distinct level of muscle weakness can be reproduced.

scholarly journals Reproducibility of Knee Movement Analyses during the Stance Phase Using the Anatomical Landmarks Calibration

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Fukaya ◽  
Hirotaka Mutsuzaki ◽  
Rie Saito ◽  
Yasuyoshi Wadano
Keyword(s):  
Stance Phase ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Knee Movement

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Pediatric Fracture Shaft Femur Fixating by Plate and Screws Using Lateral Approach Between Subvastus Lateralis and Transvastus Lateralis Outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1791-1794
Author(s):  
Haider O. Hayat Ali Al-Faily ◽  
Saif Nabeel Abd Alwahab ◽  
Mohammed Sh. Al-Edanni ◽  
Sadeq A. Al-Mukhtar ◽  
Ghadeer H. Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Femoral Shaft ◽  
Shaft Fracture ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Knee Movement ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

BACKGROUND: Femoral shaft fracture is a common fracture in pediatric age group reaching 62% of all fracture shaft femur in children in spite of rapid union rate and successful conservative treatment but some cases need surgical intervention and one of the methods using plate and screw by the lateral approach. AIM: This study aims to compare functional outcome fixation of mid-shaft femur fracture in children by plate and screws between (subvastus lateralis and transvastus lateralis) regarding infection, union, and limitation of knee movement. PATIENT AND METHOD: The study was done on 30 children who had diaphyseal fracture femur in Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital in period (April 2018–April 2020) with 6 months follow-up, and the patient was divided into two groups: Group A first treated by subvastus lateral approach 15 patients and the second group, Group B by transvastus lateral approach 15 patients and follow-up done for them after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS: At week 16 of follow-up all patients in Group A had union, while in Group B, 14 of 50 patients had union and one patient had no union and one patient in Group B had an infection when compared to Group A. From 15 patients of Group A, two patients had limitation of knee movement in the 1st month of follow-up then in the 3rd month of follow-up, no patient had limitation of knee joint movement, while five patients had limitation of knee joint movement in Group B in the 1st month of follow-up and one patient had limitation knee joint movement in the 3rd month of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The subvastus lateralis approach results better than transvastus lateralis in union.

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