scholarly journals Effects of Cortisol Administered through Slow-Release Implants on Innate Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cortés ◽  
M. Teles ◽  
R. Trídico ◽  
L. Acerete ◽  
L. Tort
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Cortisol is a key hormone in the fish stress response with a well-known ability to regulate several physiological functions, including energy metabolism and the immune system. However, data concerning cortisol effects on fish innate immune system using a more controlled increase in cortisol levels isolated from any other stress related signaling is scarce. The present study describes the effect of doses of cortisol corresponding to acute and chronic levels on the complement and lysozyme activity in plasma of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). We also evaluated the effects of these cortisol levels (from intraperitoneally implanted hydrocortisone) on the mRNA levels quantified by RT-qPCR of selected key immune-related genes in the liver, head kidney, and spleen. For that purpose, 60 specimens of rainbow trout were divided in to two groups: a control group injected with a coconut oil implant and another group injected with the same implant and cortisol (50 μg cortisol/g body weight). Our results demonstrate the role of cortisol as a modulator of the innate immune response without the direct contribution of other stress axes. Our results also show a relationship between the complement and lysozyme activity in plasma and mRNA levels in liver, supporting the important role of this organ in producing these immune system proteins after a rise of cortisol in the fish plasma.

scholarly journals Stress elevates corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF-binding protein mRNA levels in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2005 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Doyon ◽  
V L Trudeau ◽  
T W Moon
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Stress Axis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cortisol Levels

The objectives of this study were to characterize rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-binding protein (CRF-BP) cDNA and to examine the variations in CRF-BP and CRF mRNA levels in response to different intensities of stress. Trout were physically disturbed by a single or three consecutive periods of chasing until exhaustion followed by 2 h of recovery. The pituitary CRF-BP and preoptic area CRF1 mRNA contents were significantly increased only after repeated chasing events. Physical disturbance increased plasma cortisol levels with the largest change occurring in the group of trout that were exposed to repeated chasing events. Trout were also individually isolated in 120 l tanks or confined to 1.5 l boxes for 4, 24 or 72 h. CRF-BP mRNA levels in confined fish were greater than those of isolated fish at 72 h although there were no differences compared with the control group. CRF1 mRNA levels in the preoptic area were greater and remained elevated for a longer period in confined compared with isolated trout. Isolation led to a transient increase in plasma cortisol levels, but the higher cortisol values developed in the confined fish suggest that this treatment was more stressful than isolation. These results demonstrate that the intensity and duration of stress are important factors regulating CRF and CRF-BP mRNA levels in rainbow trout. We hypothesize that pituitary CRF-BP is involved in regulating the activity of the stress axis, possibly by reducing access to CRF1 receptors in the corticotropes.

scholarly journals Depletion of Complement Enhances the Clearance of Brucella abortus in Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela González-Espinoza ◽  
Elías Barquero-Calvo ◽  
Esteban Lizano-González ◽  
Alejandro Alfaro-Alarcón ◽  
Berny Arias-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT Brucellosis is a bacterial disease of animals and humans. Brucella abortus barely activates the innate immune system at the onset of infection, and this bacterium is resistant to the microbicidal action of complement. Since complement stands as the first line of defense during bacterial invasions, we explored the role of complement in B. abortus infections. Brucella abortus-infected mice depleted of complement with cobra venom factor (CVF) showed the same survival rate as mice in the control group. The complement-depleted mice readily eliminated B. abortus from the spleen and did so more efficiently than the infected controls after 7 days of infection. The levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6) remained within background levels in complement-depleted B. abortus-infected mice. In contrast, the levels of the immune activator cytokine gamma interferon and the regulatory cytokine IL-10 were significantly increased. No significant histopathological changes in the liver and spleen were observed between the complement-depleted B. abortus-infected mice and the corresponding controls. The action exerted by Brucella on the immune system in the absence of complement may correspond to a broader phenomenon that involves several components of innate immunity.

The essential oils of some medicinal plants on the immune system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ghasemi Pirbalouti ◽  
E Pirali ◽  
G Pishkar ◽  
S Mohammadali Jalali ◽  
M Reyesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Role of Innate Immune System in Environmental Lung Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Guttenberg ◽  
Aaron T. Vose ◽  
Robert M. Tighe
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Innate Immune

scholarly journals Role of the Innate Immune System in Acute Viral Myocarditis

2009 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Hua Huang ◽  
Jesus G. Vallejo ◽  
George Kollias ◽  
Douglas L. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Viral Myocarditis ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Acute Viral Myocarditis
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