scholarly journals Genetic Dissection of New Genotypes of Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleiferaLam.) Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Marker

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsuddeen Rufai ◽  
M. M. Hanafi ◽  
M. Y. Rafii ◽  
S. Ahmad ◽  
I. W. Arolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diversity Study

The knowledge of genetic diversity of tree crop is very important for breeding and improvement program for the purpose of improving the yield and quality of its produce. Genetic diversity study and analysis of genetic relationship among 20Moringa oleiferawere carried out with the aid of twelve primers from, random amplified polymorphic DNA marker. The seeds of twentyM. oleiferagenotypes from various origins were collected and germinated and raised in nursery before transplanting to the field at University Agricultural Park (TPU). Genetic diversity parameter, such as Shannon's information index and expected heterozygosity, revealed the presence of high genetic divergence with value of 1.80 and 0.13 for Malaysian population and 0.30 and 0.19 for the international population, respectively. Mean of Nei's gene diversity index for the two populations was estimated to be 0.20. In addition, a dendrogram constructed, using UPGMA cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance, grouped the twentyM. oleiferainto five distinct clusters. The study revealed a great extent of variation which is essential for successful breeding and improvement program. From this study,M. oleiferagenotypes of wide genetic origin, such as T-01, T-06, M-01, and M-02, are recommended to be used as parent in future breeding program.

ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity in Morinda Spp. For Its Enhanced Collection, Conservation and Utilization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Arya ◽  
Ramya Kossery Narayanan ◽  
Anjali Kak ◽  
Chitra Devi Pandey ◽  
Manjusha Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Morinda (Rubiaceae) is considerably recognized for its multiple uses viz. food, medicine, dyes, firewood, tools, oil, bio-sorbent etc. The molecular characterization of such an important plant would be very useful for its multifarious enhanced utilization. In the present study, 31 Morinda genotypes belonging to two different species Morinda citrifolia and Morinda tomentosa collected from different regions of India were investigated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Fifteen ISSR primers generated 176 bands with an average of 11.7 bands per primer, of which (90.34%) were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands, mean Nei’s gene diversity, mean Shannon’s information index in Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia was [(69.89%, 30.68%); (0.21 ± 0.19, 0.12 ± 0.20); (0.32 ± 0.27 0.17 ± 0.28)] respectively, revealing higher polymorphism and genetic diversity in Morinda tomentosa compared to Morinda citrifolia. Structure, and UPGMA cluster analysis placed the genotypes into well-defined separate clusters belonging to two species Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia revealing the utility of ISSR markers in species differentiation. Distinct ecotypes within a particular species could also be inferred emphasizing the collection and conservation of Morinda genotypes from different regions, in order to capture the overall diversity of respective species. Further higher diversity of M. tomentosa must be advanced for its utilization in nutraceutical, nutritional and other nonfood purposes.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Cultivated Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Genotypes Using Rapd Primers

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saida Sharifova ◽  
Sabina Mehdiyeva ◽  
Konstantinos Theodorikas ◽  
Konstantinos Roubos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis

Abstract Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was carried out on 19 Azerbaijan tomato genotypes, both cultivars and local populations. A total of 26 amplified products were revealed by 6 primers. The genetic similarity among evaluated genotypes ranged from 0.188 to 1.000. The lowest similarity was observed between cultivars ‘Azerbaijan’ and ‘Shakar’ (0.188), while the highest between ‘Elnur’ and ‘Garatag’ (1.000). The Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient divided genotypes into four main groups. The first group was the largest and consisted of 12 genotypes, while the fourth group was the smallest consisted of 1 genotype only. The most polymorphic primer was OPB-18 that presented a genetic diversity index of 0.823, while the least informative was primer OPG-17 with an index of 0.349. The average genetic diversity calculated from RAPD data was 0.665.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Aromatic Rice Germplasm Revealed By SSR Markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Jasim Aljumaili ◽  
M. Y. Rafii ◽  
M. A. Latif ◽  
Siti Zaharah Sakimin ◽  
Ibrahim Wasiu Arolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Rice Germplasm

Aromatic rice cultivars constitute a small but special group of rice and are considered the best in terms of quality and aroma. Aroma is one of the most significant quality traits of rice, and variety with aroma has a higher price in the market. This research was carried out to study the genetic diversity among the 50 aromatic rice accessions from three regions (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak) with 3 released varieties as a control using the 32 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The objectives of this research were to quantify the genetic divergence of aromatic rice accessions using SSR markers and to identify the potential accessions for introgression into the existing rice breeding program. Genetic diversity index among the three populations such as Shannon information index (I) ranged from 0.25 in control to 0.98 in Sabah population. The mean numbers of effective alleles and Shannon’s information index were 0.36 and 64.90%, respectively. Similarly, the allelic diversity was very high with mean expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.60 and mean Nei’s gene diversity index of 0.36. The dendrogram based on UPGMA and Nei’s genetic distance classified the 53 rice accessions into 10 clusters. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 89% of the total variation observed in this germplasm came from within the populations, while 11% of the variation emanated among the populations. These results reflect the high genetic differentiation existing in this aromatic rice germplasm. Using all these criteria and indices, seven accessions (Acc9993, Acc6288, Acc6893, Acc7580, Acc6009, Acc9956, and Acc11816) from three populations have been identified and selected for further evaluation before introgression into the existing breeding program and for future aromatic rice varietal development.

scholarly journals Breeding potential and genetic diversity of "Híbrido do Timor" coffee evaluated by molecular markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfahun Alemu Setotaw ◽  
Eveline Teixeira Caixeta ◽  
Guilherme Ferreira Pena ◽  
Eunize Maciel Zambolim ◽  
Antonio Alves Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Potential Use

AFLP, RAPD and SSR molecular markers were used to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the Híbrido de Timor germplasm. The principal coordinate analysis, UPGMA cluster analysis based on genetic dissimilarity of Jaccard, Bayesian model-based cluster analysis, percentage of polymorphic loci, Shannon's information index and Nei gene diversity were employed to assess the genetic diversity. The analyses demonstrated a high genetic diversity among Híbrido de Timor accessions. UPGMA and Bayesian cluster analyses grouped the accessions into three clusters. The genetic structure of Híbrido de Timor is reported. The management of Híbrido de Timor germplasm variability and its potential use in breeding programs are discussed.

GENETIC VARIATION IN WILD CHILEAN AND CULTIVATED BRITISH POPULATIONS OF PODOCARPUS SALIGNUS D. DON (PODOCARPACEAE)

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. ALLNUTT ◽  
J. R. COURTIS ◽  
M. GARDNER ◽  
A. C. NEWTON
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Shannon’S Diversity Index

The threatened Chilean conifer Podocarpus salignus D. Don is currently the focus of ex situ conservation eorts being undertaken by the Conifer Conservation Programme of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. To assess variation within in and ex situ populations of the species, leaf material collected from four wild populations was analysed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Amova of RAPD profiles indicated that 93% of the variation occurred within, rather than between, populations. Intraspecific genetic diversity, estimated using percentage polymorphic loci, Shannon's diversity index, and Nei's gene diversity, was relatively high (47%, 0.692 and 0.314, respectively). To assess genetic diversity in ex situ populations within the UK, RAPD analysis of parents and progeny at two Cornish arboreta was undertaken. The results provided evidence of novel hybridization with suspected paternal trees (P. hallii Kirk and P. totara G. Benn. ex D. Don) endemic to New Zealand. RAPD was found to be an effective tool for assessing the genetic structure of P. salignus, for providing a guide to future germplasm-sampling strategies, and for hybrid identification. Implications for genetic conservation of the species and the role of ex situ approaches are discussed.

Genetic diversity of wild and cultured swamp eel (Monopterus albus) populations from central China revealed by ISSR markers

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Wen-Xiu Sun ◽  
Jun Fan ◽  
Chao-Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Central China ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Monopterus Albus ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Asian Swamp Eel ◽  
Swamp Eel

AbstractAsian swamp eel is a highly commercial fish, primarily for China and other Asian countries. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the genetic diversity of wild and cultured samples of Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus using ISSR markers. A total of 129 individuals belonging to three wild samples, Xiantao (XT), Huanggang (HG), Xinyang (XY) and three cultured samples, Wuhan (WH), Jingzhou (JZ) and Nanjing (NJ) were randomly selected for genetic analysis. Twelve ISSR primers were used for screening the six populations and 110 loci were obtained. The polymorphic loci were estimated to be 54%, 56.3%, 58.2%, 60.6%, 69.5% and 71% in NJ,WH, JZ, XT, HG and XY samples, respectively. Average heterozygosity value varied from 0.1956 to 0.2449. The three wild samples showed higher genetic diversity than the cultured samples (P < 0.05), including polymorphic bands (PPB), observed number of alleles per locus (to), effective number of alleles per locus (Ne), Nei’s gene diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I).

Genetic Diversity of Stephanie kwangsiensis H. S. Lo and Salvia prionitis Hance after Transplanted and Micropropagated

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5460-5467
Author(s):  
Chuan Ming Fu ◽  
Yan Qin ◽  
Feng Luan Tang ◽  
Yun Ping Shi ◽  
Zhi Guo Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Rapd Pcr

Stephanie Kwangsiensis H. S. Lo and Salvia prionitis Hance were two rare and valuable Chinese herbs. Genetic diversity of the two plants were studied by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers after they were transplantation and tissue culture. Results indicated that Nei’s gene diversity (H), Shannon’s information index (I), the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) of source / transplantation / tissue culture materials of S. Kwangsiensis H. S. Lo were H=0.282 / 0.195/ 0.056, I=0.415 / 0.290 / 0.087, PPL=75.6% / 56.1% /19.5% based on RAPDs and H=0.295 / 0.292 / 0.111, I=0.445 / 0.435 / 0.166, PPL=85.3% / 85.3% / 32.8% based ISSRs. And the same parameters of source / transplantation / tissue culture materials of S. prionitis Hance were H=0.193 / 0.192 / 0.231, I=0.291 / 0.289 /0.347, PPL=57.8% / 57.2% / 68.6% based on RAPDs and H=0.217 / 0.217 / 0.155, I=0.327 / 0.326 /0.235, and PPL=64.2% / 64.2% / 49.1% based on ISSRs instead. For the transplanted materials, genetic diversity was slightly declining with the disappearance of adversity. And for the tissue culture materials, more genets sampled for tissue culture, less reduction of genetic diversity; and fewer genets sampled, more reduction of genetic diversity. In addition, high genetic diversity appearing in tissue culture materials of S. prionitis Hance partially generate from somatic mutations. And these mutations maybe related to RAPD-PCR regions and just had been checked out by RAPDs.

Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Markers Revealed Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Among 9 Wild Species of Clematis L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-588
Author(s):  
Yonghui Li ◽  
Shipeng Li ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Xiangli Yu ◽  
Fawei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Ctab Method ◽  
Different Populations

To analyze the genetic diversity of 9 species of Clematis from 31 different populations, we extracted DNA by the improved CTAB method, used ISSR-PCR for amplification, and then selected 9 primers with clear amplified bands from amongst 220 primers. A total of 127 clear bands were amplified, of which 126 were polymorphic bands, yielding a ratio of 99.2%. The polymorphism information index (PIC) of the primers ranged from 0.9326 to 0.9649. The Nei’s genetic diversity index (H) was 0.2750, the total gene diversity (Ht) was 0.2845, and the genetic differentiation coefficient (Gst) was 0.6696, indicating high genetic differentiation among populations of Clematis. After cluster analysis, the 31 Clematis populations were divided into 3 categories. Principal coordination analysis (PCoA) of 9 Clematis species then showed that the genetic relationship between samples of the same Clematis germplasms was closer than that of samples from the same region. The mantel test revealed a significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance among the populations. The population clustering results are broadly consistent with the clustering graphs of UPGMA and PCoA. We can conclude the polymorphism of the 9 primers is good, and that the genetic diversity of 31 Clematis populations is rich. Individual Clematis germplasms are closely related and will gather together preferentially.

Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Germplasm using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-649
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abate Dawud ◽  
Firew Mekbib Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Dissimilarity Matrix ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Sesame Genotypes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Maximum Similarity

Genetic diversity among 128 sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes representing 10 geographically distinct populations in Ethiopia was assessed at DNA level using RAPD analysis. Eleven RAPD primers used amplified a total of 149 bands, of which 142 (95. 45%) were polymorphic. Each primer generated 7 to 23 amplified fragments with an average of 13.5 bands per primer. Percent of polymorphic loci (P%), number of different (Na) and effective (Ne) alleles along with Shannon information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (He) values suggested that the population of Oromia was the most diverse of all populations, while populations from Afar (cultivars) and AM-NSh were found to be the least diverse. Based on average dissimilarity values obtained with RAPD primers, AM-NG-25, SNNP-7 and SNNP-8 were the most distinct of all genotypes, while genotypes ORO-20 and TIGR-5 showed maximum similarity with others. The UPGMA clustering based on the dissimilarity matrix clustered the genotypes into 3 major groups and 11 subgroups, while three genotypes viz., BENSH-6, ORO-14 and SNNP-5 were found out-grouped from the rest and did not join any of the cluster; they are then most divergent genotypes. Generally, both clustering and PCoA patterns revealed that most genotypes located geographically far apart were found to cluster in the same group, while those genotypes from the same origin dispersed. Overall results indicated that RAPD technique revealed a high level of genetic variation among sesame genotypes collected from diverse ecologies of Ethiopia. 

scholarly journals Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Astragalus rhizanthus Benth. ssp. rhizanthus var. rhizanthus (Fabaceae) Using Molecular Markers from India

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Kamal Anand ◽  
Ravi Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Lal Babu Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Indian Himalaya ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
The Himalaya

Astragalus rhizanthus with three infraspecific taxa (i.e., A. rhizanthus ssp. rhizanthus var. rhizanthus, A. rhizanthus ssp. rhizanthus var. pindreensis, and A. rhizanthus ssp. candolleanus) is widely scattered in the Himalaya from Jammu and Kashmir to Uttarakhand provinces in India. Among them, A. rhizanthus ssp. rhizanthus var. rhizanthus exhibits enormous morphological diversity throughout its range of distribution. An assessment of genetic diversity studies was undertaken to understand the level and pattern of diversity, using Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR), Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Directed amplification of minisatellite DNA (DAMD) profiles. Fifteen ISSR, 18 RAPD and 6 DAMD primers were used to unravel the diversity among 20 genotypes collected from the known localities in the Indian Himalaya. A total of 242 bands from ISSR, 352 from RAPD and 142 from DAMD were obtained with an average of 92.23% polymorphism in the species. Pair-wise genetic similarity for the cumulative data was determined using Jaccard's similarity coefficient which varied from 0.19 to 0.84. A combined UPGMA dendrogram was generated which revealed that different genotypes exhibited their affinity according to their geographical distribution. Tree topology suggests the existence of two distinct groups of the genotypes. Gene diversity (H) and Shannon's information index (I) were estimated and these values were found higher in the genotypes collected from Jammu and Kashmir than Himachal Pradesh.

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