scholarly journals Strength Training and Testosterone Treatment Have Opposing Effects on Migration Inhibitor Factor Levels in Ageing Men

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Glintborg ◽  
L. L. Christensen ◽  
T. Kvorning ◽  
R. Larsen ◽  
K. Brixen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Opposing Effects

Background.The beneficial effects of testosterone treatment (TT) are debated.Methods.Double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of six months TT (gel) in 54 men aged 60–78 with bioavailable testosterone (BioT) <7.3 nmol/L and waist >94 cm randomized to TT (50–100 mg/day,n=20), placebo (n=18), or strength training (ST) (n=16) for 24 weeks. Moreover, the ST group was randomized to TT (n=7) or placebo (n=9) after 12 weeks.Outcomes. Chemokines (MIF, MCP-1, and MIP-1α) and lean body mass (LBM), total, central, extremity, visceral, and subcutaneous (SAT) fat mass established by DXA and MRI.Results. From 0 to 24 weeks, MIF and SAT decreased during ST + placebo versus placebo, whereas BioT and LBM were unchanged. TT decreased fat mass (total, central, extremity, and SAT) and increased BioT and LBM versus placebo. MIF levels increased during TT versus ST + placebo. ST + TT decreased fat mass (total, central, and extremity) and increased BioT and LBM versus placebo. From 12 to 24 weeks, MCP-1 levels increased during TT versus placebo and MCP-1 levels decreased during ST + placebo versus placebo.Conclusion. ST + placebo was associated with decreased MIF levels suggesting decreased inflammatory activity. TT may be associated with increased inflammatory activity. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.govNCT00700024.

scholarly journals Testosterone therapy decreases subcutaneous fat and adiponectin in aging men

2012 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Frederiksen ◽  
K Højlund ◽  
D M Hougaard ◽  
T H Mosbech ◽  
R Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Testosterone Therapy ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
Total Fat

ObjectiveTestosterone therapy increases lean body mass and decreases total fat mass in aging men with low normal testosterone levels. The major challenge is, however, to determine whether the metabolic consequences of testosterone therapy are overall positive. We have previously reported that 6-month testosterone therapy did not improve insulin sensitivity. We investigated the effect of testosterone therapy on regional body fat distribution and on the levels of the insulin-sensitizing adipokine, adiponectin, in aging men with low normal bioavailable testosterone levels.DesignA randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study on 6-month testosterone treatment (gel) in 38 men, aged 60–78 years, with bioavailable testosterone <7.3 nmol/l, and a waist circumference >94 cm.MethodsCentral fat mass (CFM) and lower extremity fat mass (LEFM) were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and thigh subcutaneous fat area (TFA) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Adiponectin levels were measured using an in-house immunofluorometric assay. Coefficients (b) represent the placebo-controlled mean effect of intervention.ResultsLEFM was decreased (b=−0.47 kg, P=0.07) while CFM did not change significantly (b=−0.66 kg, P=0.10) during testosterone therapy. SAT (b=−3.0%, P=0.018) and TFA (b=−3.0%, P<0.001) decreased, while VAT (b=1.0%, P=0.54) remained unchanged. Adiponectin levels decreased during testosterone therapy (b=−1.3 mg/l, P=0.001).ConclusionTestosterone therapy decreased subcutaneous fat on the abdomen and lower extremities, but visceral fat was unchanged. Moreover, adiponectin levels were significantly decreased during testosterone therapy.

scholarly journals Effect of strength training and antioxidant supplementation on perceived and performance fatigability in breast cancer survivors: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1165-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Dinato de Lima ◽  
Cláudio L. Battaglini ◽  
Sandro Nobre Chaves ◽  
Lucas Ugliara ◽  
Jonathan Sarandy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Physical Fatigue ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Double Blinded

This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study aimed to investigate the effect of strength training (ST) combined with vitamin C and E supplementation on perceived and performance fatigability in breast cancer survivors (BCS). Twenty-five BCS were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: vitamins (VIT; n = 12; 51.0 ± 9.0 years) or placebo (PLA; n = 13; 48.2 ± 8.3 years). Both groups performed a 10-week ST protocol, twice a week. The VIT group was supplemented with vitamins C (500 mg/day) and E (180 mg/day) and the PLA group with polydextrose (1 g/day), once a day after breakfast. At the beginning and at the end of the training period, perceived fatigability was assessed using Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI)-20 (general fatigue and physical fatigue). Performance fatigability was assessed during 30 maximal isokinetic knee extensions at 120°/s. General fatigue decreased similarly in the VIT (p = 0.004) and PLA (p = 0.011) groups. Physical fatigue decreased similarly in the VIT (p = 0.011) and PLA (p = 0.001) groups. Performance fatigability also decreased similarly in the VIT (p = 0.026) and PLA (p < 0.001) groups. There was no difference between groups at any moment (p > 0.05). In summary, antioxidant supplementation does not add any positive synergistic effect to ST in terms of improving perceived or performance fatigability in BCS. This clinical trial is registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry, number RBR-843pth (UTN no.: U1111-1222-6511). Novelty ST with maximal repetitions reduces perceived and performance fatigability of BCS. Vitamins C and E supplementation does not add any positive synergistic effect to ST in terms of reducing fatigability in BCS.

scholarly journals Serum free testosterone, leptin and soluble leptin receptor changes in a 6-week strength-training programme

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ara ◽  
J. Perez-Gomez ◽  
G. Vicente-Rodriguez ◽  
J. Chavarren ◽  
C. Dorado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽  
Strength Training Programme

Strength training is usually associated with a reduction in fat mass and with muscle hypertrophy. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the serum free leptin index (FLI), measured by the molar excess of soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) over leptin, is increased by 6 weeks of strength training. Eighteen male, physical education students were randomly assigned to two groups: a strength-training (n12) and a control group (n6). Body composition (lean body mass and body fat) determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), muscle performance and leptin, sOB-R, total testosterone and free testosterone concentrations were determined before and after training. Fat mass was reduced by 1 kg with strength training (P < 0·05). Lean body mass of trained extremities was increased by 3 % (P < 0·05), while the concentration of free testosterone in serum was reduced by 17 % (P < 0·05) after training. However, despite the reduction in fat mass and free testosterone, serum leptin concentration was not significantly affected by strength training, even after accounting for the differences in body fat. By contrast, for a given fat mass, the sOB-R was increased by 13 % (P < 0·05) at the end of the strength-training programme, although the molar excess of sOB-R over leptin remained unchanged. Therefore, the quantity of free leptin available to bind to the target tissues was not significantly affected by the short strength-training programme, which elicited a 7 % reduction in fat mass.

scholarly journals Comparação entre dois modelos de treinamento sobre o gasto energético de repouso e a composição corporal de adolescentes com obesidade

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Bruno Affonso Parenti de Oliveira ◽  
Fabrício Eduardo Rossi ◽  
Camila Buonani ◽  
Tiego Aparecido Diniz ◽  
Paula Alves Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Functional Training ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Male Adolescents

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n3p268 Different types of physical activity programs have been used with the purpose of improving body composition and increasing resting energy expenditure (REE) in obese adolescents. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of two training models on REE and body composition in this population. The study included 20 obese male adolescents, who were randomly assigned to follow two training models: strength training (n=8, age=13,4±1.0) and functional training (n=12, age= 13.0±1.1). Body composition variables were estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. REE was assessed by indirect calorimetry using the QUARK-PFT equipment (COSMED, Rome, Italy). The training protocol consisted of 30 minutes of aerobic training followed by 30 minutes of strength training (ST) or functional training (FT), both with a duration of 20 weeks. There were no significant differences between the two training models with regard to body composition (fat mass, FT= -7.6±5.5% vs. ST= -8.9±6.2%; p=0.620), (lean body mass, FT= 9.0±5.3% vs. ST= 6.8±6.7%; p=0.431) and to REE (FT= 19.6±15.3% vs. ST= 10.7±24.5%; p=0.331). Moreover, lean body mass (p=0.01) and fat mass (0.01) had an influence on REE. No differences were observed between the two training models, but both were effective in improving body composition and increasing REE in obese adolescents. Furthermore, the present study showed the importance of systematic physical training, since lean body mass and fat mass contributed to the increase in REE after the training period. 

scholarly journals Native Whey Induces Similar Adaptation to Strength Training as Milk, despite Higher Levels of Leucine, in Elderly Individuals

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2094
Author(s):  
Håvard Hamarsland ◽  
Mathias K. Johansen ◽  
Fridtjof Seeberg ◽  
Marie Brochmann ◽  
Ina Garthe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Anabolic Resistance ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Native Whey ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: Large amounts of protein (40 g) or supplementing suboptimal servings of protein with leucine are able to overcome the anabolic resistance in elderly muscle. Our aim was to compare the effects of supplementation of native whey, high in leucine, with milk on gains in muscle mass and strength during a period of strength training, in elderly individuals. Methods: In this double-blinded, randomized, controlled study, a total of 30 healthy men and women received two daily servings of 20 g of either milk protein or native whey, during an 11-week strength training intervention. Muscle strength, lean mass, m. vastus lateralis thickness, muscle fiber area, and resting and post-exercise phosphorylation of p70S6K, 4E-BP1, and eEF-2 were assessed prior to and after the intervention period. Results: Muscle mass and strength increased, by all measures applied in both groups (p < 0.001), with no differences between groups (p > 0.25). p70S6K phosphorylation increased (~1000%, p < 0.045) 2 h after exercise in the untrained and trained state, with no differences between supplements. Total and phosphorylated mTORC-1 decreased after training. Conclusion: Supplementation with milk or native whey during an 11-week strength training period increased muscle mass and strength similarly in healthy elderly individuals.

scholarly journals Strength training and testosterone treatment have opposing effects on migration inhibitor factor levels in ageing men

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorte Glintborg ◽  
Christensen Louise L ◽  
Thue Kvorning ◽  
Rasmus Larsen ◽  
Kim Brixen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Opposing Effects

scholarly journals Mitochondria, glycogen, and lipid droplets in skeletal muscle during testosterone treatment and strength training: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial

Andrology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Jensen ◽  
L. L. Christensen ◽  
J. Nielsen ◽  
H. D. Schrøder ◽  
T. Kvorning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Double Blinded

scholarly journals Safety and influence of a novel extract of fenugreek on healthy young women: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Khanna ◽  
Jestin Thomas ◽  
Febi John ◽  
Balu Maliakel ◽  
I. M. Krishnakumar
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Safety Parameters ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Hormone Analysis

Abstract Background Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seed is a popular kitchen spice and medicinal herb with wide applications in Indian folklore. Earlier studies have shown that the hydro-ethanolic extracts of fenugreek are efficient in the management of a number of hormone related disorders in women, including post and peri-menopausal discomforts, sexual dysfunctions, lactation and even in amenorrhea. However, systematic informations on their safety and influence on hormonal balance are limited. Results Forty-eight healthy menstruating women aged 20 to 48 were randomized either to FHE (n = 24) or placebo (n = 24) and supplemented with 250 mg × 2/day for 42 days. FHE did not produce any side effects or adverse events. It offered significant (P < 0.05) beneficial effects to sexual problems (41.6%) and irritability (40%) among the participants who had higher sexual dysfunctions scores (> 1) when monitored by the validated Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS) scale. Further, hormone analysis indicated an enhancement in estradiol (P = 0.040), free testosterone (P = 0.025), and total testosterone (P = 0.012) in FHE group in comparison to placebo. There were no significant changes in progesterone (P = 0.174) and FSH (P = 0.879) upon FHE supplementation. The hematological and biochemical safety parameters were also at par with the safety of the extract. Conclusion Thus, the supplementation of FHE may be considered as a natural alternative for sexual issues in women. Trial registration CTRI/2018/09/015614 dated 05/09/2018.

Atorvastatin Increases ecNOS Levels in Human Platelets of Hyperlipidemic Subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1390-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Tannous ◽  
Raphael Cheung ◽  
Arianna Vignini ◽  
Bulent Mutus
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
T Test ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
No Production ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Nitric Oxide Metabolism ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Paired T Test

Summary Background. The purpose of this study was to probe the pleiotrophic effects of Atorvastatin on intraplatelet-nitric oxide metabolism. Methods and Results. Hyperlipidemic subjects (n = 19) were treated for 1 month (following a 3-week washout) with either Atorvastatin or placebo in a double-blinded randomized (n = 2, crossover), placebo-controlled study. Changes in the levels of intraplatelet nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine were correlated with cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglyceride levels. These studies indicate that with atrovastatin ecNOS levels increased on average by ~1.7-fold (paired t-test p = 0.009). Interestingly, levels of nitrotyrosylated platelet proteins, an indication of peroxynitrite damage, decreased as ecNOS levels increased in presence of the drug (paired t-test p = 0.33). Atorvastatin, at 10 mg per day, lowered cholesterol and LDL-C levels in all patients with the average lowering of ~21% and ~17% respectively. The effect on HDL was not significant whilst triglyceride levels were lowered by an average of ~18%. Conclusions. This study adds to the volume of evidence that statins have beneficial effects other than lipid lowering. Here, Atorvastatin is shown to significanly elevate intraplatelet ecNOS levels in hyperlipidemic subjects without affecting iNOS expression. The net result of this would be the elevation of NO production which would promote platelet deaggregation and vasodilation.

scholarly journals A placebo-controlled randomized study with testosterone in Klinefelter syndrome: beneficial effects on body composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1250-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Høst ◽  
Anders Bojesen ◽  
Mogens Erlandsen ◽  
Kristian A Groth ◽  
Kurt Kristensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Testosterone Treatment

Context and objective Males with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are typically hypogonadal with a high incidence of metabolic disease, increased body fat and mortality. Testosterone treatment of hypogonadal patients decrease fat mass, increase lean body mass and improve insulin sensitivity, but whether this extends to patients with KS is presently unknown. Research design and methods In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, BMI-matched cross-over study, 13 males with KS (age: 34.8 years; BMI: 26.7 kg/m2) received testosterone (Andriol®) 160 mg per day (testosterone) or placebo treatment for 6 months. Thirteen age- and BMI-matched healthy controls were recruited. DEXA scan, abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and a hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp, muscle strength and maximal oxygen uptake measurement were performed. Results Total lean body mass and body fat mass were comparable between testosterone-naïve KS and controls using DEXA, whereas visceral fat mass, total abdominal and intra-abdominal fat by CT was increased (P < 0.05). Testosterone decreased total body fat (P = 0.01) and abdominal fat by CT (P = 0.04). Glucose disposal was similar between testosterone-naïve KS and controls (P = 0.3) and unchanged during testosterone (P = 0.8). Free fatty acid suppression during the clamp was impaired in KS and maximal oxygen uptake was markedly lower in KS, but both were unaffected by treatment. Testosterone increased hemoglobin and IGF-I. Conclusion Testosterone treatment in adult males with KS for 6 months leads to favorable changes in body composition with reductions in fat mass, including abdominal fat mass, but does not change measures of glucose homeostasis.

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