scholarly journals Performance of a Novel Decentralised Sewage Treatment Reactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dong Sheng Shen ◽  
Bao Cheng Huang ◽  
Hua Jun Feng ◽  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Jiang Ming Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

A novel decentralised sewage treatment reactor (DSTR) for treating domestic sewage in rural areas was designed and investigated. The reactor was started aerobically after inoculation with biomass; the amount of initial mixed liquid suspended solids was 1.5 g/L. Oxygen was supplied to the reactor and the dissolved oxygen concentration was maintained at 1.3 ± 0.2 mg/L. The pollutant removal performance was investigated, and the average removal efficiencies of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD),NH4+-N, suspended solids, and turbidity were 76%, 77.15%, 84.17%, and 83.93%, respectively. The DSTR exhibited good performance compared with the traditional activated sludge (AS) reactor. The resistance to impact load of the DSTR was superior to that of the AS reactor during surface load experiments. During the 120 days of operation, no sludge bulking was observed. The DSTR effluentNH4+-Nand TCOD levels were a little higher than those for the AS reactor, but the disparity was not major.

Malt house wastewater treatment with settleable algal-bacterial flocs

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1796-1802
Author(s):  
Luboš Stříteský ◽  
Radka Pešoutová ◽  
Petr Hlavínek
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

This paper deals with biological treatment of malt house wastewater using algal-bacterial flocs. During three months of testing, optimisation of growth conditions and biomass separation leads to maximisation of biomass production, improved flocs settleability and increased pollutant removal efficiency while maintaining low energy demand. At a high food to microorganism ratio (0.16 to 0.29 kg BOD5 kg−1 TSS d−1), the biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), total phosphorus (Ptot) and total suspended solids (TSS) removal efficiencies were all higher than 90%. At a food to microorganism ratio of 0.06 kg BOD5 kg−1 TSS d−1, BOD5, CODCr, total nitrogen (Ntot), Ptot and TSS removal efficiencies of 99.5%, 97.6%, 91.5%, 97.8% and 98.4%, respectively, were achieved. The study also proved a strong dependence of removal efficiencies on solar radiation. The results suggest the algae-bacteria system is suitable for treatment of similar wastewater in locations with available land and sufficient solar radiation and temperature during the whole year.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Nutrient Removal in a Hybrid Constructed Wetland Utilizing an Electric Fan Air Blower with Renewable Energy of Solar and Wind Power

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dong Jin Lee ◽  
Se Won Kang ◽  
Jong Hwan Park ◽  
Seong Heon Kim ◽  
Ik Won Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Air Blower ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The sewage treatment efficiency of hybrid constructed wetlands (CWs) was evaluated under different ventilation methods. The removal efficiencies of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in the vertical flow- (VF-) horizontal flow (HF) CWs using an electric fan air blower by the renewable energy of solar and wind power were higher than those by natural ventilation, excluding only suspended solids (SS). The TN treatment efficiency in the CW using the air blower especially increased rapidly by 16.6% in comparison with the CW employing natural ventilation, since the VF bed provided suitable conditions (aerobic) for nitrification to occur. The average removal efficiencies of BOD, SS, TN, and TP in the effluent were 98.8, 97.4, 58.0, and 48.3% in the CW using an electric fan air blower, respectively. The treatment performance of the CWs under different ventilation methods was assessed, showing TN in the CW using an electric fan air blower to be reduced by 57.5~58.6% for inlet TN loading, whereas reduction by 19.0~53.3% was observed in the CW with natural ventilation. Therefore, to increase the removal of nutrients in CWs, an improved ventilation system, providing ventilation via an electric fan air blower with the renewable energy, is recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of Volume Loading Rate and C/N on Ship Domestic Sewage Treatment by Two Membrane Bioreactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-339
Author(s):  
Yuhang Cai ◽  
Asad A. Zaidi ◽  
Peiqi Sun ◽  
Yue Shi ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Volume Loading ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon

Design of ship sewage treatment systems that not only satisfy the use of small space on board but also meets International Maritime Organisation (IMO) latest emission standards is still a challenging problem for ship industry. This study provides a comparative disquisition between two different MBR reactors i.e, air-lift multilevel circulation membrane reactor (AMCMBR) and anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic membrane reactor (AOA-MBR) for domestic sewage treatment. The influence of pollutants volume loading rate (VLR) and C/N on effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and TN for marine domestic sewage was analyzed. The results revealed that AMCMBR showed better removal efficiencies for COD and TN than AOA-MBR. The volume of AMCMBR was only half of the AOA-MBR. In addition, high average value of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS)/mixed liquid suspended solids (MLSS) (i.e. 0.75) of AMCMBR indicated high biomass and good pollutants removal achieved by this reactor. An interesting phenomenon was found in the study regarding Urease activity for the two reactors. Urease activity for AMCMBR in different working conditions all exceeded AOA-MBR and there exist no clear difference of NR activities between AMCMBR and AOA-MBR except for low C/N ratio (i.e. 6 and 4). This phenomenon proved that AMCMBR has a greater performance for treating ship domestic wastewater.

scholarly journals Removal of pollutants by mycelium colonized sawdust

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osayomwanbo Osarenotor ◽  
Helen M. K. Essandoh ◽  
Isoken Tito Aighewic
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Abstract Slaughterhouses generate wastewater daily and often discharge it to the environment. Many lack wastewater treatment systems, due to such systems' typically high cost and technological demands. In this study slaughterhouse wastewater was filtered through columns of mycelium – Pleurotus ostreatus – grown on sawdust substrates of different particle sizes. The columns' pollutant removal efficiencies were evaluated for color, turbidity, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The best color (75%), BOD (88%) and total nitrogen (86%) removal efficiencies were recorded with 2.36 mm particle size and 9 cm depth. Electrical conductivity removal efficiency was best with 2.36 mm particle size but 3 cm bed depth. The study showed that particle size has a significant effect on physiochemical pollutant removal by mycelium-colonized sawdust systems.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of a large sewage treatment plant in Brazil, consisting of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor followed by activated sludge

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 2003-2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pollyane Diniz Saliba ◽  
Marcos von Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The objective of this study was to evaluate the behaviour of a system comprising an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor followed by activated sludge to treat domestic sewage. The Betim Central sewage treatment plant, Brazil, was designed to treat a mean influent flow of 514 L/s. The study consisted of statistical treatment of monitoring data from the treatment plant covering a period of 4 years. This work presents the concentrations and removal efficiencies of the main constituents in each stage of the treatment process, and a mass balance of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen. The results highlight the good overall performance of the system, with high mean removal efficiencies: BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) (94%), COD (91%), ammonia (72%) and total suspended solids (92%). As expected, this system was not effective for the removal of nutrients, since it was not designed for this purpose. The removal of Escherichia coli (99.83%) was higher than expected. There was no apparent influence of operational and design parameters on the effluent quality in terms of organic matter removal, with the exceptions of the BOD load upstream of the aeration tank and the sludge age in the unit. Results suggest that this system is well suited for the treatment of domestic sewage.

Enhanced physicochemical-biological sewage treatment process in cold regions

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1456-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoren Xu ◽  
Chao Jia ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Yunlong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Northeast Of China

Biological treatment processes give relatively poor pollutant removal efficiencies in cold regions because microbial activity is inhibited at low temperatures. We developed an enhanced physicochemical-biological wastewater treatment process that involves micro-membrane filtration, anaerobic biofilter, and aerobic biofilter to improve the pollutant removal efficiencies that can be achieved under cold conditions. Full-scale experiments using the process were carried out in the northeast of China, at outdoor temperatures of around −30 °C. The average removal efficiencies achieved for chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, and suspended solids were 89.8, 92.9, 94.3, and 95.8%, respectively, using a polyaluminium chloride dosage of 50 mg L−1. We concluded that the process is effective to treat sewage in cold regions.

Comparison of Luffa Cylindrical Sponge and Plastic Sponge as Carriers in Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor for Sewage Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2431-2438
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang Wang ◽  
Shang Hua Zhang ◽  
Chang Qing Pang ◽  
Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Luffa cylindrical sponge and plastic sponge were used as carriers in sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) for sewage treatment in this paper. The removals of suspended solid (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N in sewage were studied. The average removal efficiencies of SS, COD and NH3-N with luffa cylindrical sponge were 96%, 89% and 90%, respectively, while these with plastic sponge were 94%, 83% and 80%, respectively. As a natural, cheap and environment friendly biocarrier, luffa cylindrical sponge was easy to get a biofilm with enriched microbes during the first few days of sewage treatment. It was much more suitable as a carrier than the plastic sponge for SBBR.

COD removal efficiency and mechanism of HMBR in high volumetric loading for ship domestic sewage treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1509-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linan Zhu ◽  
Hailing He ◽  
Chunli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Volumetric Loading

The hybrid membrane bioreactor (HMBR) has been applied in ship domestic sewage treatment under high volumetric loading for ship space saving. The mechanism and influence factors on the efficiency, including hydraulic retention time (HRT), dissolved oxygen (DO) of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were investigated. The HMBR's average COD removal rate was up to 95.13% on volumetric loading of 2.4 kgCOD/(m3•d) and the COD concentration in the effluent was 48.5 mg/L, far below the International Maritime Organization (IMO) discharge standard of 125 mg/L. DO had a more remarkable effect on the COD removal efficiency than HRT. In addition, HMBR revealed an excellent capability of resisting organics loading impact. Within the range of volumetric loading of 0.72 to 4.8 kg COD/(m3•d), the effluent COD concentration satisfied the discharge requirement of IMO. It was found that the organics degradation in the aeration tank followed the first-order reaction, with obtained kinetic parameters of vmax (2.79 d−1) and Ks (395 mg/L). The original finding of this study had shown the effectiveness of HMBR in organic contaminant degradation at high substrate concentration, which can be used as guidance in the full scale of the design, operation and maintenance of ship domestic sewage treatment devices.

scholarly journals Shewhart's control charts and process capability ratio applied to a sewage treatment station

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 770-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Orssatto ◽  
Marcio A. Vilas Boas ◽  
Ricardo Nagamine ◽  
Miguel A. Uribe-Opazo
Keyword(s):  
Control Charts ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Process Capability ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Shewhart Control Charts ◽  
Shewhart Control

The current study used statistical methods of quality control to evaluate the performance of a sewage treatment station. The concerned station is located in Cascavel city, Paraná State. The evaluated parameters were hydrogenionic potential, settleable solids, total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand in five days. Statistical analysis was performed through Shewhart control charts and process capability ratio. According to Shewhart charts, only the BOD(5.20) variable was under statistical control. Through capability ratios, we observed that except for pH the sewage treatment station is not capable to produce effluents under characteristics that fulfill specifications or standard launching required by environmental legislation.

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