scholarly journals Recovery of Value-Added Products from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pannarai Saetea ◽  
Nakorn Tippayawong
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Adsorption Property ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Closed Reactor ◽  
Value Added Products

This paper is about the conversion of wet waste stream into valuable products via thermal processing. Hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge was carried out at 200°C and 2.1 MPa in a closed reactor for 1–6 h. Main products were in solid and liquid phases. The resulting hydrochar was shown to have H/C and O/C ratios moving towards natural lignite, improved energetic content, and adsorption property in terms of iodine number. The aqueous solution was found to contain high concentration of plant food nutrients, especially nitrogen and potassium. They may be desirable for subsequent fuel and chemical production as well as applications in agriculture. The study shows that valuable products can be generated successfully from sewage sludge using hydrothermal carbonization.

scholarly journals Production ofN-Acetyl-d-Neuraminic Acid by Use of an Efficient Spore Surface Display System

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 3197-3201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoman Xu ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
Xifeng Zhang ◽  
Bin Che ◽  
Cuiqing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Display ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Neuraminic Acid ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Whole Cells

ABSTRACTProduction ofN-acetyl-d-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) via biocatalysis is traditionally conducted using isolated enzymes or whole cells. The use of isolated enzymes is restricted by the time-consuming purification process, whereas the application of whole cells is limited by the permeability barrier presented by the microbial cell membrane. In this study, a novel type of biocatalyst, Neu5Ac aldolase presented on the surface ofBacillus subtilisspores, was used for the production of Neu5Ac. Under optimal conditions, Neu5Ac at a high concentration (54.7 g liter−1) and a high yield (90.2%) was obtained under a 5-fold excess of pyruvate overN-acetyl-d-mannosamine. The novel biocatalyst system, which is able to express and immobilize the target enzyme simultaneously on the surface ofB. subtilisspores, represents a suitable alternative for value-added chemical production.

Gas Diffusion Electrodes (GDEs) for Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, and Dinitrogen to Value-added Products: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesamoddin Rabiee ◽  
Lei Ge ◽  
Xueqin Zhang ◽  
Shihu Hu ◽  
Mengran Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Mass Transport ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Gas Diffusion Electrodes ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Value Added Products

Electrochemical reduction of gaseous feeds such as CO2, CO, and N2 holds promise for sustainable energy and chemical production. Practical application of this technology is impeded by slow mass transport...

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Carbonization of Residual Algal Biomass for Production of Hydrochar as a Biobased Metal Adsorbent

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Magdalini Tsarpali ◽  
John N. Kuhn ◽  
George P. Philippidis
Keyword(s):  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Algae Cultivation ◽  
Lipid Extracted Algae ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Remediation Process ◽  
Value Added Products

Conversion of residual algal biomass to value-added products is essential for enhancing the economics of algae cultivation. Algal hydrochar produced via hydrothermal carbonization of lipid-extracted Picochlorum oculatum is a material rich in oxygen functional groups and carbon (up to 67.3%) and hence a promising candidate for remediation of wastewaters. The hydrothermal carbonization conditions were optimized and the adsorption capacity of the hydrochar was tested for metal removal. By the end of the remediation process, cumulative removal of Al3+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, and Pb2+ reached 89, 98, 75, 88, 75, and 100%, respectively. The adsorption of all metals was found to follow pseudo second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm. Overall, when hydrothermal carbonization is applied to lipid-extracted algae, it generates a promising biobased adsorbent with value-added potential in metal remediation.

scholarly journals Sewage Sludge Hydrochar: An Option for Removal of Methylene Blue from Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Ferrentino ◽  
Riccardo Ceccato ◽  
Valentina Marchetti ◽  
Gianni Andreottola ◽  
Luca Fiori
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
High Concentration

Municipal sewage sludge was subjected to a hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process for developing a hydrochar with high adsorption capacity for water remediation in terms of dye removal. Three hydrochars were produced from municipal sewage sludge by performing HTC at 190, 220 and 250 °C, with a 3 h reaction time. Moreover, a portion of each hydrochar was subjected to a post-treatment with KOH in order to increase the adsorption capacity. Physicochemical properties of sludge samples, raw hydrochars and KOH-modified hydrochars were measured and batch adsorption studies were performed using methylene blue (MB) as a reference dye. Data revealed that both raw and modified hydrochars reached good MB removal efficiency for solutions with low MB concentrations; on the contrary, MB in high concentration solutions was efficiently removed only by modified hydrochars. Interestingly, the KOH treatment greatly improved the MB adsorption rate; the modified hydrochars were capable of capturing above 95% of the initial MB amount in less than 15 min. The physicochemical characterization indicates that alkali modification caused a change in the hydrochar surface making it more chemically homogeneous, which is particularly evident for the 250 °C hydrochar. Thus, the adsorption process can be regarded as a complex result of various phenomena, including physi- and chemi-sorption, acid–base and redox equilibria.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISATION OF SOLID AND LIQUID PINEAPPLE WASTE

REAKTOR ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Hanafi Mat
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Pineapple Waste ◽  
Value Added Products

The pineapple waste is contain high concentration of biodegradable organic material and suspended solid. As a result it has a high BOD and extremes of pH conditions. The pineapple wastes juice contains mainly sucrose, glucose, fructose and other nutrients. The characterisation this waste is needed to reduce it by  recycling to get raw material or  for  conversion into useful product of higher value added products such as organic acid, methane , ethanol, SCP and enzyme. Analysis of sugar indicates that liquid waste contains mainly sucrose, glucose and fructose.  The dominant sugar was fructose, glucose and sucrose.  The fructose and glucose levels were similar to each other, with fructose usually slightly higher than glucose. The total sugar and citric acid content were 73.76 and 2.18 g/l. The sugar content in solid waste is glucose and fructose was 8.24 and 12.17 %, no sucrose on this waste

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Carbonization of Fruit Wastes: A Promising Technique for Generating Hydrochar

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bide Zhang ◽  
Mohammad Heidari ◽  
Bharat Regmi ◽  
Shakirudeen Salaudeen ◽  
Precious Arku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Wet Biomass ◽  
Fruit Wastes ◽  
Value Added Products

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a useful method to convert wet biomass to value-added products. Fruit waste generated in juice industries is a huge source of moist feedstock for such conversion to produce hydrochar. This paper deals with four types of fruit wastes as feedstocks for HTC; namely, rotten apple (RA), apple chip pomace (ACP), apple juice pomace (AJP), and grape pomace (GP). The operating conditions for HTC processing were 190 °C, 225 °C, and 260 °C for 15 min. For all samples, higher heating value and fixed carbon increased, while volatile matter and oxygen content decreased after HTC. Except for ACP, the ash content of all samples increased after 225 °C. For RA, AJP, and GP, the possible explanation for increased ash content above 225 °C is that the hydrochar increases in porosity after 230 °C. It was observed that an increase in HTC temperature resulted in an increase in the mass yield for RA and GP, which is in contrast with increasing HTC temperature for lignocellulose biomass. Other characterization tests like thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also showed that the HTC process can be successfully used to convert fruit wastes into valuable products.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF BIO-ECONOMY IN THE FOOD AND TOURISM INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1681-1684
Author(s):  
Georgi Toskov ◽  
Ana Yaneva ◽  
Stanko Stankov ◽  
Hafize Fidan
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Foreign Brands ◽  
Value Added Products

The European Commission defines the bioeconomy as "the production of renewable biological resources and the conversion of these resources and waste streams into value added products, such as food, feed, bio-based products and bioenergy. Its sectors and industries have strong innovation potential due to their use of a wide range of sciences, enabling and industrial technologies, along with local and implied knowledge." The Bulgarian food industry faces a lot of challenges on the local and national level, which have direct influence on the structure of the production companies. Most of the enterprises from the food sector produce under foreign brands in order to be flexible partners to the large Bulgarian retail chains. The small companies from the food sector are not able to develop as an independent competitive producer on the territory of their local markets. This kind of companies rarely has a working strategy for positioning on new markets. In order to consolidate their already built positions for long period of time, the producers are trying to optimize their operations in a short term. However, the unclear vision of the companies for the business segment does not allow them to fully develop. Tourism in Bulgaria is a significant contributor to the country's economy.

Advanced sludge thermal processes in Japan

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hiraoka
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Process Systems ◽  
Incineration Process ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Melting Slag

As a result of the spread of sewerage systems, the management of growing quantities of sewage sludge is becoming an urgent need. As the method of sludge management, thermal processes have mostly been applied to the treatment and disposal of sewage sludge in Japan, because of the difficulty of finding final disposal sites. This paper describes the progress of thermal processing technologies, especially focusing on drying-incineration process systems and melting-slag recycling process systems.

Oxidized indium with transformable dimensions for CO2 electroreduction toward formate aided by oxygen vacancies

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 3726-3731
Author(s):  
Fenghui Ye ◽  
Jinghui Gao ◽  
Yilin Chen ◽  
Yunming Fang
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Co2 Electroreduction ◽  
Value Added Products

Electroreduction of CO2 into value-added products is a promising technique in which the structure of the catalyst plays a crucial role.

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