scholarly journals Cellulase and Xylanase Production by Penicillium echinulatum in Submerged Media Containing Cellulose Amended with Sorbitol

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Eliana Todero Ritter ◽  
Marli Camassola ◽  
Denise Zampieri ◽  
Mauricio Moura Silveira ◽  
Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Submerged Cultures ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Penicillium Echinulatum ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Transfer Problems ◽  
Cellulose Concentration ◽  
Filter Paper Activity

The present work investigated the use of sorbitol as a soluble carbon source, in association with cellulose, to produce cellulases and xylanases in submerged cultures of Penicillium echinulatum 9A02S1. Because cellulose is an insoluble carbon source, in cellulase production, there are some problems with rheology and oxygen transfer. The submerged fermentations containing media composed of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1% (w/v) sorbitol and cellulose that were added at different times during the cultivation; 0.2% (w/v) soy bran; 0.1% (w/v) wheat bran; and a solution of salts. The highest filter paper activity (FPA) ( IU·mL−1) was obtained on the seventh day in the medium containing 0.5% (w/v) sorbitol and 0.5% (w/v) cellulose added 24 h after the start of cultivation. However, the CMCases showed an activity peak on the sixth day ( IU·mL−1) in the medium containing 0.75% (w/v) sorbitol and 0.75% (w/v) cellulose added after 12 h of cultivation. The xylanases showed the highest activity in the medium with 0.75% (w/v) sorbitol and 0.25% (w/v) cellulose added 36 h after the start of cultivation. This strategy enables the reduction of the cellulose concentration, which in high concentrations can cause rheological and oxygen transfer problems.

scholarly journals Morphogenesis and Production of Enzymes byPenicillium echinulatumin Response to Different Carbon Sources

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Daniel Hahn Schneider ◽  
Laísa dos Reis ◽  
Marli Camassola ◽  
Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Penicillium Echinulatum ◽  
The Media ◽  
Filter Paper Activity ◽  
Second Generation Ethanol

The effect of different carbon sources on morphology and cellulase and xylanase production ofPenicillium echinulatumwas evaluated in this work. Among the six carbon sources studied, cellulose and sugar cane bagasse were the most suitable for the production of filter paper activity, endoglucanases, xylanases, andβ-glucosidases. However, sucrose and glucose showedβ-glucosidase activities similar to those obtained with the insoluble sources. The polyacrylamide gels proved the enzymatic activity, since different standards bands were detected in the media mentioned above. Regarding morphology, it was observed that the mycelium in a dispersed form provided the greatest enzymatic activity, possibly due to greater interaction between the substrate and hyphae. These data are important in understanding the physiology of fungi and could contribute to obtaining enzyme with potential application in the technology of second generation ethanol.

scholarly journals The Carbon Source Controls the Secretion and Yield of Polysaccharide-Hydrolyzing Enzymes of Basidiomycetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Metreveli ◽  
Tamar Khardziani ◽  
Vladimir Elisashvili
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Irpex Lacteus ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes ◽  
Pycnoporus Coccineus ◽  
Polymeric Substrates

In the present study, the polysaccharide-hydrolyzing secretomes of Irpex lacteus BCC104, Pycnoporus coccineus BCC310, and Schizophyllum commune BCC632 were analyzed in submerged fermentation conditions to elucidate the effect of chemically and structurally different carbon sources on the expression of cellulases and xylanase. Among polymeric substrates, crystalline cellulose appeared to be the best carbon source providing the highest endoglucanase, total cellulase, and xylanase activities. Mandarin pomace as a growth substrate for S. commune allowed to achieve comparatively high volumetric activities of all target enzymes while wheat straw induced a significant secretion of cellulase and xylanase activities of I. lacteus and P. coccineus. A synergistic effect on the secretion of cellulases and xylanases by the tested fungi was observed when crystalline cellulose was combined with mandarin pomace. In I. lacteus the cellulase and xylanase production is inducible in the presence of cellulose-rich substrates but is suppressed in the presence of an excess of easily metabolizable carbon source. These enzymes are expressed in a coordinated manner under all conditions studied. It was shown that the substitution of glucose in the inoculum medium with Avicel provides accelerated enzyme production by I. lacteus and higher cellulase and xylanase activities of the fungus. These results add new knowledge to the physiology of basidiomycetes to improve cellulase production.

scholarly journals The Carbon Source Controls the Secretion and Yield of Polysaccharide-Hydrolyzing Enzymes of Basidiomycetes

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
Eka Metreveli ◽  
Tamar Khardziani ◽  
Vladimir Elisashvili
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Irpex Lacteus ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes ◽  
Pycnoporus Coccineus ◽  
Polymeric Substrates

In the present study, the polysaccharide-hydrolyzing secretomes of Irpex lacteus (Fr.) Fr. (1828) BCC104, Pycnoporus coccineus (Fr.) Bondartsev and Singer (1941) BCC310, and Schizophyllum commune Fr. (1815) BCC632 were analyzed in submerged fermentation conditions to elucidate the effect of chemically and structurally different carbon sources on the expression of cellulases and xylanase. Among polymeric substrates, crystalline cellulose appeared to be the best carbon source providing the highest endoglucanase, total cellulase, and xylanase activities. Mandarin pomace as a growth substrate for S. commune allowed to achieve comparatively high volumetric activities of all target enzymes while wheat straw induced a significant secretion of cellulase and xylanase activities of I. lacteus and P. coccineus. An additive effect on the secretion of cellulases and xylanases by the tested fungi was observed when crystalline cellulose was combined with mandarin pomace. In I. lacteus the cellulase and xylanase production is inducible in the presence of cellulose-rich substrates but is suppressed in the presence of an excess of easily metabolizable carbon source. These enzymes are expressed in a coordinated manner under all conditions studied. It was shown that the substitution of glucose in the inoculum medium with Avicel provides accelerated enzyme production by I. lacteus and higher cellulase and xylanase activities of the fungus. These results add new knowledge to the physiology of basidiomycetes to improve cellulase production.

Cellulase production by Acetivibrio cellulolyticus

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 760-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Saddler ◽  
A. W. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Cellulose Powder ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Culture Supernate ◽  
Cellulose Concentration

Acetivibrio cellulolyticus, an isolate from an established sewage sludge culture, degraded cellulose powder, Avicel cellulose, and cellobiose. The organism showed maximum cellulose degradation in a medium containing 10 g/L of cellulose and it could also degrade cellulose in media containing up to 75 g/L of cellulose. During the exponential growth phase, large quantities of cellulolytic enzymes were found extracellularly whereas cellobiase activity was cell associated. The crude culture supernate contained endo- and exo-glucanase activities with a pH optimum at 5.0 and a temperature optimum at 50 °C. Maximum cellulase activities were detected in 2- to 3-day-old cultures grown on 1 g/L of cellulose. Cellulose concentration above 10 g/L caused the adsorption of these enzymes to the substrate and consequently lowered their detection in the supernate. The activities at 50 °C for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and filter paper degrading ability, expressed as micrograms of glucose equivalents released per minute per milligram of protein culture supernate, were 510, 135, and 40 respectively.

scholarly journals Xylanase production using fruit waste as cost effective carbon source from thermo-tolerant Bacillus megaterium

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (38) ◽  
pp. 3463-3470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wahid Abdul Kareem Rafid ◽  
Khushk Imrana ◽  
Aqeel Bhutto Muhammad ◽  
Abdul Sattar Qureshi ◽  
Ahmed Ayyaz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Fruit Waste

scholarly journals Wild type Bacillus subtilis treated with ethyl methyl sulphonate produced catabolite insensitive mutants with improved cellulase production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipo Olaniyi
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Minimal Salt Medium ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ethyl Methyl

Abstract The goal of this present investigation was to mutagenize Bacillus subtilis with Ethyl Methyl Sulphonate (EMS), screen the mutants for cellulase production and evaluate the influence of different glucose concentrations on their cellulase production potentials. The wild type B. subtilis was treated with 20, 40, 60 and 80 µl of EMS and the mutants generated were screened for cellulase production in minimal salt medium containing carboxylmethylcellulose (CMC) as the carbon source. Quantitatively, cellulase activity and protein contents were determined by dinitrosalicylic acid and Lowry methods respectively. Seven mutants were developed from each of the EMS concentration bringing the total to twenty-eight from all the concentrations. Approximately 14 and 57% of the mutants developed from 40 and 60µl of EMS had higher cellulase activities than the wild type, while none of the mutants developed from 20 and 80 µl of EMS had better activities than the wild type. The supplementation of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% glucose in enzyme production medium caused approximately 100, 14, 29 and 14% cellulase repression respectively in the mutants developed from 60µl EMS. Mutants MSSS02 and MSSS05 were considered as catabolite insensitive mutants because their cellulase production were enhanced in comparison to wild type.

The Influence of PH and Dissolved Oxygen Tension (DOT) on Mycelium Growth and Cellulase Production by Trichoderma Reesei

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1005-1013
Author(s):  
Zhi Xi Hang ◽  
Qing Long Rao ◽  
Shi Yuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Trichoderma Reesei ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Tension ◽  
Influence Of Ph ◽  
Filter Paper Activity

The influence of pH and dissolved oxygen tension (DOT) on mycelium growth and cellulase production by Trichoderma reesei was studied in this paper. The experiments were carried out with a cellulose of 10 g/l in a 10 L steam sterilizable bioreactor. The results have shown that H+ concentration was highly fluctuated in the growing and metabolizing periods of mycelium, which went against mycelium growth and cellulase production. Controlling pH to 4.8 was favorable to mycelium growth and cellulase production; the maximum mycelium mass concentration was increased from 2.60 g/l to 2.77 g/l; the maximum filter paper activity was raised from 1.87 IU/ml to 2.79 IU/ml. Meanwhile, the growth and metabolism of mycelium demand an appropriate dissolved oxygen tension (DOT). When the velocity of aeration was increased from 0.4 to 0.5vvm to improve the condition of dissolving oxygen, the mycelium mass concentration was increased from 2.77 g/l to 2.98g/l, and the filter paper activity was raised from 2.79 IU/ml to 2.98 IU/ml.

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