scholarly journals Novel Antidepressant-Like Activity of Propolis Extract Mediated by Enhanced Glucocorticoid Receptor Function in the Hippocampus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Sook Lee ◽  
Young Han Kim ◽  
Wan-Soon Park ◽  
Won Gyeong Ahn ◽  
Ok Kyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Element Binding Protein

Propolis is a natural product made by honeybees that has been widely used in folk medicine with a broad spectrum of biological activities. To investigate the antidepressant-like activity of propolis extract, CD-1 mice were administered an ethanol extract of propolis (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) prior to the behavioral test. The propolis extract-treated group showed a dose-dependent decrease in immobility time in the FST and tail suspension test without altering locomotor activity. Propolis extract decreased the limbic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to the FST as indicated by an attenuated corticosterone response and decreased in c-fos immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Western blot analysis revealed a reduction in hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression following the FST, which was reversed by propolis extract. Propolis extract also increased pGR(S220)/(S234) ratio by a differential phosphorylation in S220 and S234. FST-induced downregulation of cAMP-responsive element binding protein phosphorylation at S133 (pCREB) was restored by propolis extract, showing a strong and positive relationship between pCREB and pGR(S220)/(S234) ratio. These findings suggest that the propolis extract potentiates antidepressant-like activity by enhancing GR function which is one of the therapeutic mechanisms of antidepressant; thus, propolis extract may provide a novel therapy for depression.

scholarly journals Potential Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of an Ethanol Extract from Bouea macrophylla

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc Hong Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Trang Nguyen ◽  
Phu Cuong Ma ◽  
Qui Thanh Hoai Ta ◽  
Thuc-Huy Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Hct116 Cells

Bouea macrophylla is a tree widely grown throughout South East Asia. It is used in folk medicine for the treatment of various illnesses. The present study aimed to identify the chemical constituents and to test the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of an ethanol extract from B. macrophylla leaves. The extract exhibited excellent antibacterial properties against 9 out of 10 target microorganisms. including four Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Vibrio cholera, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and four Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus cereus), as well as a fungus (Candida albicans). In addition, the extract was also tested on HeLa and human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) cells to evaluate its cytostatic effects. The ethanol extract was able to inhibit the proliferation of HeLa and HCT116 cells, showing IC50 = 24 ± 0.8 and 28 ± 0.9 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the IC50 values of doxorubicin (standard) were 13.6 ± 1.3 and 15.8 ± 1.1 µg/mL respectively. Also, we identified various bioactive compounds in the extract such as polyphenols, flavonoids, caryophyllene, phytol, and trans-geranylgeraniol by GC-MS, which could contribute to the extract’s biological activities. Therefore, our findings strongly indicate that the constituents of the B. macrophylla ethanol extract could be active against the tested bacteria and fungi as well as cancer cells. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms mediating the antimicrobial and anticancer effects and identify signaling pathways that could be targeted for therapeutic application.

scholarly journals Flaxseed oil (Linum Usitatissimum) attenuates restraint stress-induced depressive-like behavior: Upregulation of neurotrophic factors in CA1 region of hippocampus

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahand Talei ◽  
Tahmineh Mokhtari ◽  
Ilia Asadi ◽  
Leila Arab ◽  
Negar Hassanzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Ca1 Region ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Alternative Choice

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-depressant effects of FS oil on the depressive-like behavior following immobility stress in mice. Methods: In this study, 32 male mice were divided into four groups: Control group; FS oil group; Model group: The immobility stress (using falcon for 20 day, 6 hours a day) + feeding with normal saline by oral gavage for another 20 days); Model+FS group: The immobility stress + feeding with 0.2 ml/kg of FS oil by oral gavage for another 20 days. At the end, all mice were evaluated with tail suspension test (TST) and sacrificed through cardiac puncture method. The brain was isolated and prepared for molecular and histopathological studies. Results: The gene expression and protein level of BGNF and GDNF were significantly increased in FS oil treated groups (P<0.05). In microscopic evaluations, the number of dead neurons significantly deceased in FS group (P<0.05). TST results showed a significant decrease in immobility time and depressive-like behaviors in FS oil treated group (P<0.05). Conclusion: FS oil feeding may be effective in treatment of depressive like disorders through its anti-oxidative and neurotrophic promoting features. Therefore, it can be used as an appropriate alternative choice in daily diet to prevent depression in clinical investigations.

scholarly journals Homeostasis Imbalance of Microglia and Astrocytes Leads to Alteration in the Metabolites of the Kynurenine Pathway in LPS-Induced Depressive-Like Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Tao ◽  
Mingzhu Yan ◽  
Lisha Wang ◽  
Yunfeng Zhou ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Linear Dose ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Suspension Test

In the pathology-oriented study of depression, inflammation hypothesis has received increasing attention for recent years. To mimic the depressive state caused by inflammation, rodents injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are usually used to stimulate an immune response. However, the dose of LPS that causes depressive-like behavior varies widely across many literatures. Previous study has uncovered the non-linearity in the dose-effect relationship for the depressive-like behavior induced by LPS administration, while the reason for this is still unclear. The present study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this non-linear dose-dependent relationship. Four groups of mice were injected intraperitoneally with different doses of LPS (0, 0.32, 0.8, and 2 mg/kg). The tail suspension test was conducted to evaluate the depressive-like behavior within 23–25 h after the LPS administration. The neuroplasticity was assessed by the levels of related proteins, TrkB and PSD-95, and by the quantification of neurons using Nissl staining. The levels of the two metabolites of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway, 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) and kynurenic acid (KYNA), in the brain were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Activation of microglia and astrocytes in the brain were also determined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting, respectively. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the mice in the 0.8 mg/kg LPS-treated group exhibited a remarkable increase of immobility time in the tail suspension test. The neuroplasticity of mice in the 0.8 mg/kg LPS-treated group was also significantly reduced. The neurotoxic metabolite, 3-HK, was accumulated significantly in the hippocampus of the 0.8 mg/kg LPS-treated mice. Surprisingly, the 2 mg/kg LPS-treated mice did not exhibit a remarkable change of 3-HK but expressed increased KYNA significantly, which is neuroprotective. Furthermore, the activation of microglia and astrocytes, which were recognized as the primary source of 3-HK and KYNA, respectively, corresponded to the content of these two metabolites of the KYN pathway in each group. Consequently, it was speculated that the homeostasis of different glial cells could lead to a non-linear dose-dependent behavior by regulating the KYN pathway in the LPS-induced depressive-like mice.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIDEPRESSANT-LIKE EFFECT OF THE LEAVES OF SAPINDUS EMARGINATUS AND ACORUS CALAMUS IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
PRIYADARSHINI SHOUGRAKPAM ◽  
ABHISHEK BHATTACHARJEE ◽  
MAYANGLAMBAM MEDHABATI ◽  
NGANGOM GUNINDRO
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Group I ◽  
Immobility Time

Objective: Depression is an affective disorder characterized by a change in mood, lack of confidence, lack of interest in surroundings and many natural products that have been tried to treat the disease. The study was aimed to evaluate and compare the antidepressant activity of methanol leave extract of SapindusemarginatusVahl. (MESE) and Acoruscalamus Linn. (MEAC) in experimental models in albino mice. Methods: Methanol Extracts of the plants were prepared by soxhlet extraction method. Forced swimming test (FST) and Tail suspension test (TST) models were chosen to evaluate antidepressant activity.Albino mice were selected and divided into six groups of six animals for each experimental model. Group I received 1% gum acacia in distilled water (DW) at a dose of 1 ml/100 g orally. Group II received sertraline-10 mg/kg orally. Group III and IV were administered 200 and 400 mg/kg of MESE respectively. Group V and VI were treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg of MEAC, respectively. Results: Methanol extracts of Sapindusemarginatus and Acoruscalamus at the two different doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg demonstrated a significant decrease in immobility time when compared with the control in both animal models. The extracts at the higher dose of 400 mg/kg revealed a significant reduction in immobility time compared to 200 mg/kg of the same extract. Conclusion: The results suggest that the methanol extracts of SapindusemarginatusVahl. andAcoruscalamus Linn. possessthe anticonvulsant activityand justify their use in folk medicine.

scholarly journals Antidepressant-Like and Antioxidant Effects ofPlinia trunciflorain Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassia Sacchet ◽  
Ricieri Mocelin ◽  
Adrieli Sachett ◽  
Fernanda Bevilaqua ◽  
Rafael Chitolina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The jaboticaba tree,Plinia trunciflora(O. Berg) Kausel, is popularly named “jabuticabeira” in Brazil and is used in folk medicine to treat diabetes and chronic inflammation of the tonsils, but studies evaluating the central effects of this species are limited. This study evaluated the antidepressant-like and antioxidant effects ofP. trunciflora(PT) aqueous extract, in which five different anthocyanins were identified. PT showed significant ferric-reduction power and DPPH radical scavenging activityin vitroand reduced lipid peroxidation bothin vitroandex vivo. At the behavioural level, PT (400 and 800 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently reduced immobility time in the tail suspension test in Swiss male mice. The identification of bioactive compounds accompanied by thein vitroandex vivoantioxidant activity of PT suggests that these activities might be related to the antidepressant-like activity ofP. trunciflora.

scholarly journals Saccharina japonica Ethanol Extract Ameliorates Depression/Anxiety-Like Behavior by Inhibiting Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Dextran Sodium Sulfate Induced Ulcerative Colitis Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiufang Dong ◽  
Kuan Lu ◽  
Pengcheng Lin ◽  
Hongxia Che ◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Saccharina japonica is a common marine vegetable in East Asian markets and has a variety of health benefits. This study was focused on the anti-depressant/anxiety effects of Saccharina japonica ethanol extract (SJE) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice and its potential mechanism in their brain. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with mesalazine and various doses of SJE (1, 2, and 4 g/kg body weight) for 2 weeks, followed by DSS treatment at the second week. The DSS-induced mice showed depression/anxiety-like behavior, which included shorter path length in the open field test and longer immobility time in the tail suspension test. L-SJE alleviated the depression-like behaviors. In the DSS-induced mice, reduced synaptic plasticity activated microglia, increased proinflammatory cytokines, decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine, and increased expression levels of Toll-like receptors-4, nuclear factor kappa-B, NOD-like receptors 3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, and Caspase-1 were observed, most of which were alleviated by SJE treatment. Furthermore, all the SJE groups could significantly enhance superoxide dismutase activity, while the L-SJE treatment decreased the contents of malondialdehyde, and the H-SJE treatment inhibited apoptosis. All these results showed that the SJE might serve as a nutritional agent for protecting the brain in ulcerative colitis mice.

scholarly journals Effects of the Ethanol Extract of Dipterocarpus alatus Leaf on the Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression in ICR Mice and Its Possible Mechanism of Action

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daodee ◽  
Monthakantirat ◽  
Ruengwinitwong ◽  
Gatenakorn ◽  
Maneenet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Dipterocarpus Alatus

Treatment of the unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mice with the ethanol extract of Dipterocarpus alatus leaf attenuated anhedonia (increased sucrose preference) and behavioral despair (decreased immobility time in tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST)). The extract not only decreased the elevation of serum corticosterone level and the index of over-activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, caused by UCMS, but also ameliorated UCMS-induced up-regulation of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) mRNA expression and down-regulation of cyclic AMP-responsive element binding (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNAs in frontal cortex and hippocampus. In vitro monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition assays showed that the extract exhibited the partial selective inhibition on MAO-A. HPLC analysis of the extract showed the presence of flavonoids (luteolin-7-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside, rutin) and phenolic acids (gallic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid) as major constituents.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of Antidepressant Activities of 5-Aryl-4,5-dihydrotetrazolo [1,5-a]thieno[2,3-e]pyridine Derivatives

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiben Wang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Xuekun Wang ◽  
Kang Lei ◽  
Guangyong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Homology Model ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pyridine Derivatives ◽  
Immobility Time

In this study, we synthetized a series of 5-aryl-4,5-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]thieno[2,3-e]pyridine derivatives containing tetrazole and other heterocycle substituents, i.e., triazole, methyltriazole, and triazolone. The forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were used to evaluate the antidepressant activity of the target compounds. The compound 5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]thieno[2,3-e]pyridine (4i) showed the highest antidepressant activity, with a reduced immobility time of 55.33% when compared with the control group. Using an open-field test, compound 4i was shown to not affect spontaneous activity of mice. The determination of in vivo 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) concentration showed that compound 4i may have an effect in the mouse brain. The biological activities of all synthetized compounds were verified by molecular docking studies. Compound 4i showed significant interactions with residues of the 5-HT1A receptor homology model.

scholarly journals Antidepressant-Like Effects of Gyejibokryeong-hwan in a Mouse Model of Reserpine-Induced Depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Kyung Park ◽  
Yu Ri Kim ◽  
Young Hwa Kim ◽  
Changsop Yang ◽  
Chang-Seob Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Camp Response Element Binding ◽  
Camp Response Element ◽  
Reserpine Treatment ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Element Binding Protein

Treatment with the antihypertensive agent reserpine depletes monoamine levels, resulting in depression. In the present study, we evaluated the antidepressant effects of Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GBH), a traditional Korean medicine, in a mouse model of reserpine-induced depression. Mice were treated with reserpine (0.5 mg·kg−1, i.p.) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, i.p., normal) once daily for 10 days. GBH (50, 100, 300, and 500 mg·kg−1), PBS (normal, control), fluoxetine (FXT, 20 mg·kg−1), or amitriptyline (AMT, 30 mg·kg−1) was administered orally 1 h prior to reserpine treatment. Mouse behavior was examined in the forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), and open-field test (OFT) following completion of the treatment protocol. Administration of GBH reduced immobility time in the FST and TST and significantly increased the total distance traveled in the OFT. Plasma serotonin levels were significantly lower in control mice than in normal mice, although these decreases were significantly attenuated to a similar extent by treatment with GBH, FXT, or AMT. Reserpine-induced increases in plasma corticosterone were also attenuated by GBH treatment. Moreover, GBH attenuated reserpine-induced increases in interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α mRNA expression in the hippocampus. In addition, GBH mice exhibited increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and a higher ratio of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) to CREB (p-CREB/CREB) in the hippocampus. Our results indicated that GBH can ameliorate depressive-like behaviors, affect the concentration of mood-related hormones, and help to regulate immune/endocrine dysfunction in mice with reserpine-induced depression, likely via activation of the BDNF-CREB pathway. Taken together, these findings indicate that GBH may be effective in treating patients with depression.

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