scholarly journals Brain SERT Expression of Male Rats Is Reduced by Aging and Increased by Testosterone Restitution

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Jaime Herrera-Pérez ◽  
Alonso Fernández-Guasti ◽  
Lucía Martínez-Mota
Keyword(s):  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Dorsal Raphe ◽  
Lateral Septum ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dorsal Raphé

In preclinical and clinical studies aging has been associated with a deteriorated response to antidepressant treatment. We hypothesize that such impairment is explained by an age-related decrease in brain serotonin transporter (SERT) expression associated with low testosterone (T) levels. The objectives of this study were to establish (1) if brain SERT expression is reduced by aging and (2) if the SERT expression in middle-aged rats is increased by T-restitution. Intact young rats (3–5 months) and gonad-intact middle-aged rats with or without T-restitution were used. The identification of the brain SERT expression was done by immunofluorescence in prefrontal cortex, lateral septum, hippocampus, and raphe nuclei. An age-dependent reduction of SERT expression was observed in all brain regions examined, while T-restitution recovered the SERT expression only in the dorsal raphe of middle-aged rats. This last action seems relevant since dorsal raphe plays an important role in the antidepressant action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. All data suggest that this mechanism accounts for the T-replacement usefulness to improve the response to antidepressants in the aged population.

scholarly journals Age-Related Effects on Right Femoral Bone of Male Wistar Rats: A Morphometric and Biomechanical Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Martins Puelker ◽  
Sonia Regina Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Romeu Rodrigues de Souza ◽  
Laura Beatriz Mesiano Maifrino ◽  
Ricardo Aparecido Baptista Nucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Femoral Bone ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Bone Stiffness ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction Study of the variations of bone characteristics with age in different animal models is important to design musculoskeletal studies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the bone mass, dimensions, and biomechanical parameters of the femur in young, middle-aged, and aged Wistar rats. Materials and Methods Thirty male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided in three groups (n = 10 per group)—3-month-old young rats, 12-month-old middle-aged rats, and 18-months-old aged rats. The right femurs were subjected sequentially to morphometric study (bone weight, cortical thickness) and biomechanical tests (maximum resistance strength and bone stiffness). Results We observed a significant increase in femur histological (cortical thickness) and biomechanical (maximum strength and bone stiffness) parameters with aging when compared with young animals. Conclusions With the advancing age, the right femoral bone of middle-aged and old animals had greater variations when compared with young animals. However, further studies with the aid of a comparison between right and left femur and other long bones in both male and female rats are needed to corroborate with our findings.

Late-onset caloric restriction alters skeletal muscle metabolism by modulating pyruvate metabolism

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (11) ◽  
pp. E942-E949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiao-nan (Joyce) Chen ◽  
Shang-Ying Lin ◽  
Yi-Hung Liao ◽  
Zhen-jie Li ◽  
Alice May-Kuen Wong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Loss ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Pyruvate Metabolism ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent

Caloric restriction (CR) attenuates age-related muscle loss. However, the underlying mechanism responsible for this attenuation is not fully understood. This study evaluated the role of energy metabolism in the CR-induced attenuation of muscle loss. The aims of this study were twofold: 1) to evaluate the effect of CR on energy metabolism and determine its relationship with muscle mass, and 2) to determine whether the effects of CR are age dependent. Young and middle-aged rats were randomized into either 40% CR or ad libitum (AL) diet groups for 14 wk. Major energy-producing pathways in muscles, i.e., glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), were examined. We found that the effects of CR were age dependent. CR improved muscle metabolism and normalized muscle mass in middle-aged animals but not young animals. CR decreased glycolysis and increased the cellular dependency for OXPHOS vs. glycolysis in muscles of middle-aged rats, which was associated with the improvement of normalized muscle mass. The metabolic reprogramming induced by CR was related to modulation of pyruvate metabolism and increased mitochondrial biogenesis. Compared with animals fed AL, middle-aged animals with CR had lower lactate dehydrogenase A content and greater mitochondrial pyruvate carrier content. Markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, including AMPK activation levels and SIRT1 and COX-IV content, also showed increased levels. In conclusion, 14 wk of CR improved muscle metabolism and preserved muscle mass in middle-aged animals but not in young developing animals. CR-attenuated age-related muscle loss is associated with reprogramming of the metabolic pathway from glycolysis to OXPHOS.

Chlorpyrifos with age-dependent effects in cardiac tissue of male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Mesbahzadeh ◽  
Hossein Salarjavan ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Oxidative Modifications ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

: Age-dependent toxic effects of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) have not fully understood. Current study aimed to investigate the cardiotoxic damage of chlorpyrifos (CPF) by evaluating oxidative modifications in young (2-month old), middle-aged (10-month old), and aged (20-month old) rats. Five mg/kg of CPF was administered orally for 45 days to young, middle-aged, and aged male Wistar rats. At the end, animals were anesthetized and the heart of each rat was dissected for biochemical assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed in the cardiac tissue of rats. The results indicated an increase in the levels of MDA and NO, and also a decline in the levels of GSH and TAC as well as a decrease in the SOD activity in the heart of aged rats compared with young rats. CPF administration deteriorated these changes in the heart of exposed rats compared with the age-matched controls. Additionally, these oxidative modifications were more severe in aged rats versus other age. In conclusion, advancing age may increase oxidative changes in the heart of animals exposed to CPF. It is suggested that aging can affect cardiac toxicity induced by OPs.

Sex-specific effects of chronic antidepressant treatment in middle-aged rats: impact of citalopram on cognition and depressive-like behaviors

Maturitas ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoko Hiroi ◽  
Alicia M. Quihuis ◽  
Courtney N. Lavery ◽  
Steven J. Granger ◽  
Giulia Weyrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Specific Effects

Effects of Chinese Herbal Prescriptions on Copulatory Activity in Aged Male Rats: A Preliminary Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Chiu Chang ◽  
Sheng-l Lue ◽  
Chin Hsu ◽  
Hseng-Kuang Hsu ◽  
Ching-Feng Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Copulatory Behavior ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Promotional Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Copulatory Activity ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Herbal Prescription

Four herbal prescription medicines, Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan, Gui-Fu-Ba-Wei-Wan, Huan-Shao-Tan; and San Tsai-Feng-Sui-Tan, were tested for their effects on sexual behavior in aged rats. Crude liquid extracts of these herbs were administered to the rats daily through oral tubing for 14 days. All four herbal prescriptions showed some effects in restoration of mount and intromission behaviors, but there was no effect on restoration of ejaculation in 26 month old rats that had exhibited no copulatory activity (no mount, intromission and ejaculation) previously. The effects of Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan were further tested in 26 month old rats with low mount and intromission activities but without ejaculation behavior, and in 15 month old rats (middle-age group) that showed normal mount and intrornission behavior but no ejaculation activity. Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan was effective in improving the frequency of both mount and intromission, but failed to restore the ejaculation activity of the old rats with low mount and intromission behaviors. It was, however, very effective in restoration of ejaculation activity in middle-aged rats that exhibited normal mount and intromission behaviors. Serum testosterone (T) levels of Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan- Tan in tested old and middle-aged rats were determined by radioimmunoassay, and showed no difference before and after treatment. Our findings demonstrated that the four herbal prescriptions had some effects in restoration of mount and intromission behaviors, but not ejaculation activity in old rats, and that Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan was very effective in restoration of ejaculation activity in middle-aged rats. The promotional effect of Chi-Pao-Mei-Jan-Tan on copulatory behavior was not correlated with serum T levels.

Effects of Acute or Chronic Administration of Anti-Migraine Drugs Sumatriptan and Zolmitriptan on Serotonin Synthesis in the Rat Brain

Cephalalgia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
CF Dobson ◽  
Y Tohyama ◽  
M Diksic ◽  
E Hamel
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Dorsal Raphe Nucleus ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Dorsal Raphe ◽  
Serotonin Release ◽  
Raphe Nucleus ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
Dorsal Raphé

Triptans are 5-HT1 receptor agonists used as anti-migraine drugs. They act primarily on meningeal blood vessels and on trigeminovascular afferents, but they may also exert central effects. We studied the regional effects of acute and chronic treatment with sumatriptan or zolmitriptan on the rate of serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in the rat brain, using the α-14C-methyl-L-tryptophan quantitative autoradiographic method. Sumatriptan at low (300 μg/kg, s.c.) and high (1 mg/kg) doses, as well as zolmitriptan (100 μg/kg), acutely decreased (15-40%, P < 0.05-0.001) 5-HT synthetic rate in many brain regions, including the dorsal raphe nucleus. Chronically, sumatriptan (21 days, approximately 300 μg/kg per day via osmotic minipumps) induced significant increases in the 5-HT synthesis rate in many projection areas but had no effect in the dorsal raphe nucleus. The acute effects on 5-HT synthesis rate would be compatible with activation of 5-HT1 autoreceptors that inhibit serotonin release. In contrast, the increased 5-HT synthesis rate observed after chronic sumatriptan might possibly result from a down-regulation/desensitization of 5-HT1 receptors and/or unmasking of excitatory triptan-sensitive 5-HT receptors. Overall, the present findings indicate that not only zolmitriptan but also sumatriptan affect brain serotonergic neurotransmission.

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