scholarly journals Role of Multiparameter Analysis of AgNORs in FNA Smears of Thyroid Swellings in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Lesions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ismail Hossain ◽  
Md Quamrul Hassan ◽  
Pradip Bhattacharjee ◽  
M. Shahab Uddin Ahamad ◽  
Zillur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Staining Protocol ◽  
Size Grade ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Multiparameter Analysis

Background. The aim of this study is to assess the role of multiparameter analysis of silver (Ag)-stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) technique on aspiration smears of thyroid swellings to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Materials and Methods. Aspiration smears from 166 cases of thyroid swellings were examined. Diagnosis was confirmed by histology in 61 cases. AgNOR staining was done on FNA smears according to silver-staining protocol proposed by the International Committee for AgNOR quantification. Multiparameter analysis of AgNORs such as mAgNOR, pAgNOR, and AgNOR size grade was done on 50–100 cells under oil immersion lens. Results. AgNOR parameter of benign and malignant thyroid lesions was compared and was found to be statistically significant. Out of 157 satisfactory AgNOR stained cases, 148 (94.3%) were benign lesions and 9 (5.7%) cases were malignant lesions. In AgNOR analysis, sensitivity was found to be 83.33%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 98.21%, and accuracy was 98.36%. Conclusions. AgNOR analysis in the FNA smears is a simple, sensitive, and cost-effective method for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid swellings.

scholarly journals Surgical resection of pancreatic tumors: review of 70 cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Ashraf Sobhy Zakaria ◽  
Mohammed Gamil ◽  
Hussein Okasha ◽  
Ali Hassan Mebed ◽  
Reda Hassan Tabashy
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Dark Urine ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Eus Elastography ◽  
Operative Staging

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has gradually become the main stream method of the diagnosis and local treatment of pancreatic tumors. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is frequently used in making the cytological diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and its great role in the pre-operative staging of pancreatic tumors.Objective: To evaluate the role of EUS in diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic tumors prospectively for 2 years study 2014-2015.Patients and methods: Prospective study including 70 patients who presented with pancreatic tumors underwent EUS at the endoscopy unit at Faculty of Medicine Cairo University and National Cancer Institute, Cairo University.Results: Out of 70 patients; median age was 55 years (range 32_73 years). Males were 32 (46%) and females were 38 (54%). Jaundice was the main symptom 47 (67%), clay colored stool 46 (65.7%), dark urine 47 (67%) and abdominal pain 50 (71%). There were 20 patients with benign disease and 50 patients with malignant disease. The following results showing the accuracy of the EUS in detecting malignant pancreatic tumors; Sensitivity: 96.0%, specificity: 75%, PPV: 90.6%, NPV: 88.2%, accuracy: 90.0%.Conclusion: EUS can clarify locoregional spread when CT/MR are equivocal. EUS Elastography is a new application in the field of the endosonography and seems to be able to differentiate fibrous and benign tissue from malignant lesions. The combination of superior detection, good staging, tissue diagnosis and potential therapy makes EUS guided FNA a cost-effective modality.

scholarly journals Study of laryngeal lesions undergoing microlaryngeal surgery in a tertiary health centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1167
Author(s):  
Gangadhara K. S. ◽  
Chaitanya Vadva ◽  
Sridhara S.
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Laryngeal Lesions ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Microlaryngeal Surgery

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Patients with laryngeal lesions were evaluated for age and sex ratio, analysis of clinical features, videolaryngoscopic findings and histopathological features. Assessment of therapeutic role of microlaryngeal surgery (MLS) by telescopic method and also prognosis after surgery and voice therapy were evaluated.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective institutional based study. A total of 18 patients with vocal cord lesions the chief complaint being hoarseness of voice were subjected to surgery in a tertiary health centre. After thorough evaluation patients underwent MLS by telescopic method.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study 6 patients stand out to be benign lesions and 12 patients stand out to be pre malignant and malignant lesions. Improvement in voice after surgery was reported in all patients. No recurrence was reported after 6-8 months of follow-up.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> MLS is a good tool as it is precise and cost effective. MLS by telescopic method is a good therapeutic tool in both benign and malignant vocal cord lesions.</p>

scholarly journals Improvement of semen parameters after coil embolization of varicoceles: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Quilici Belczak ◽  
Vanessa Stefaniak ◽  
Leonardo Garcia Góes ◽  
Felipe Coelho Neto ◽  
Walter Jr. Boim de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Semen Parameter ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, including clinical studies in which one of the outcomes was semen parameter improvement after varicocele embolization using coils only. The objective of the review was to assess the evidence on the role of embolization using coils alone for semen parameter improvement in men with varicocele, since embolization using coils is the most cost-effective method of varicocele repair. Study quality was assessed using the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS). Out of six retrospective and two prospective observational or comparative clinical studies involving 701 patients, semen concentration improved significantly in all five studies that assessed this parameter. Mean semen motility improved significantly in seven studies. The impact of embolization on semen density could not be analyzed.

scholarly journals Meiotic imbalance in laboratory-produced hybrid males of Chorthippus parallelus parallelus and Chorthippus parallelus erythropus

1990 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Bella ◽  
G. M. Hewitt ◽  
J. Gosálvez
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Chorthippus Parallelus ◽  
Reciprocal Differences ◽  
Rdna Expression

SummaryThe grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus has two quite distinct subspecies, which meet along the Pyrenees forming a hybrid zone. Using silver staining we show that on the French side Cp. parallelus has three nucleolar organizer regions, on the L2, L3 and X chromosomes, while on the Spanish side Cp. erythropus has only two NORs, on the L2 and L3. Laboratory F1 hybrid males show reciprocal differences in the expression of NORs. When a Cp. erythropus is female parent the male progeny show four active NORs in mitotic cells and two silver precipitates in meiotic cells, as expected. But when a Cp. parallelus female donates the X with a NOR, her male offspring have a variable disrupted nucleolar expression. Some NORs are not expressed and extra sites of cryptic rDNA are revealed. Meiosis is more disturbed in this latter F1 cross with higher levels of polyploidy, but both Fls show around 90% spermatid abnormality. Such variation in rDNA expression is also found in individuals collected from the hybrid zone, and the role of this disturbance in affecting fitness is discussed.

scholarly journals Diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy in work-up of female infertility

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2852
Author(s):  
Amrita Rai ◽  
Manju G. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Infertile Couple ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Infertile Patients

Background: Infertility is a growing concern of the society. In many cases the exact cause of infertility may not be elucidated, whether it is tubal, ovarian, uterine, or a combination of factors. This paper aims to understand the role of diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy in evaluation of cases of infertility.Methods: This prospective study included 200 infertile women and it was conducted at department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MGM Hospital, during the period between January 2016 to December 2016. All the infertile patients either with primary or secondary infertility were included after thorough evaluation.Results: Out of 200 cases, 118(59%) patients had primary infertility and 82(41%) had secondary infertility. While laparoscopy detected abnormalities in 49% of the cases, significant hysteroscopy findings were noted in only 23.5% of cases. The most common laparoscopic abnormalities were endometriosis (32%) and unilateral tubal lockage (24%). On hysteroscopy, periosteal adhesions were the commonest abnormality in both the groups.Conclusions: Diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy is a safe and cost-effective method and should be considered when there are abnormal HSG results, a past history of pelvic infection, pelvic surgery and /or unexplained secondary infertility during management of infertile couple. Evaluation of certain significant and correctable tubo-peritoneal and intrauterine pathologies which are usually missed by other imaging modalities, can be diagnosed as well as managed in some cases by hystero-laparoscopy.

scholarly journals Genome Organization in and around the Nucleolus

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Bersaglieri ◽  
Raffaella Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Nuclear Lamina ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fate Decision

The nucleolus is the largest substructure in the nucleus, where ribosome biogenesis takes place, and forms around the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) that comprise ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Each cell contains hundreds of rRNA genes, which are organized in three distinct chromatin and transcriptional states—silent, inactive and active. Increasing evidence indicates that the role of the nucleolus and rRNA genes goes beyond the control of ribosome biogenesis. Recent results highlighted the nucleolus as a compartment for the location and regulation of repressive genomic domains and, together with the nuclear lamina, represents the hub for the organization of the inactive heterochromatin. In this review, we aim to describe the crosstalk between the nucleolus and the rest of the genome and how distinct rRNA gene chromatin states affect nucleolus structure and are implicated in genome stability, genome architecture, and cell fate decision.

scholarly journals Sequential Steps of Chromosomal Differentiation in Atlantic Surgeonfishes: Evolutionary Inferences

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Antunes de Mello Affonso ◽  
Maria Aparecida Fernandes ◽  
Josivanda Santos Almeida ◽  
Wagner Franco Molina
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Chromosomal Evolution ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Noncoding Sequences ◽  
Pericentric Inversions ◽  
Chromosomal Differentiation ◽  
Chromosomal Data

Surgeonfishes are a species-rich group and a major biomass on coral reefs. Three species are commonly found throughout South Atlantic,Acanthurus bahianus,A. chirurgus, andA. coeruleus. In this paper, we present the first cytogenetic data of these species, revealing a sequential chromosomal diversification.A. coeruleuswas characterized by a relatively conserved karyotype evolved by pericentric inversions of some pairs (2n=48, 2sm + 4st + 42a). In contrast, the karyotypes ofA. bahianus(2n=36) andA. chirurgus(2n=34) were highly differentiated by the presence of six large metacentric pairs inA. bahianus(12m + 2sm + 4st + 18a) andA. chirurgus(12m + 2sm + 4st +1 6a) probably derived by chromosomal fusions that corroborate their closer relationship. A discerniblein tandemfusion represents an autapomorphic character toA. chirurgus. In spite of macrostructure variation, single nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) on short arms of a subtelocentric pair and similar distribution of C-bands were observed in the three species. Overlapping of chromosomal data with molecular phylogeny indicated pericentric inversions which took place nearly at 19 Ma while centric fusions are as recent as 5 Ma. A physical mapping of coding and noncoding sequences inAcanthuruscould clarify the role of additional rearrangements during their chromosomal evolution.

A critical role of amphiphilic polymers in organic–inorganic hybrid sol–gel derived gate dielectrics for flexible organic thin-film transistors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (37) ◽  
pp. 11612-11620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghwa Baek ◽  
Xinlin Li ◽  
Nahae Kim ◽  
Chan Eon Park ◽  
Tae Kyu An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gate Dielectrics ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Amphiphilic Polymers ◽  
Organic Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Organic Thin Film ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cost Effective Method

The sol–gel method is a low-temperature, highly controllable and cost-effective method for producing homogeneous and high-quality ultrafine nanostructured thin films.

scholarly journals Sonographic Diagnosis of Preduodenal Portal Vein in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassil Zefov
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Sonographic Diagnosis ◽  
Preduodenal Portal Vein ◽  
First Case ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Precise Diagnosis

Purpose: To clarify the role of sonography in diagnosis of Preduodenal Portal Vein (PDPV) in children. Material and methods: We present two cases with PDPV in children proved with surgery. The first case was diagnosed retrospectively, the second one prospectively. Results: In both cases the PDPV appears above the duodenum with convexity which is opposite of normal concave configuration of PV. Both cases appear with multiple congenital association anomalies. Conclusions: The sonography is safe, convenient, fast, time- effective and cost- effective method for precise diagnosis of PDPV in children.

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