scholarly journals De NovoKidney Regeneration with Stem Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Yokote ◽  
Shuichiro Yamanaka ◽  
Takashi Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Kidney Regeneration ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Organ Regeneration ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Recent studies have reported on techniques to mobilize and activate endogenous stem-cells in injured kidneys or to introduce exogenous stem cells for tissue repair. Despite many recent advantages in renal regenerative therapy, chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality and the number of CKD patients has been increasing. When the sophisticated structure of the kidneys is totally disrupted by end stage renal disease (ESRD), traditional stem cell-based therapy is unable to completely regenerate the damaged tissue. This suggests that whole organ regeneration may be a promising therapeutic approach to alleviate patients with uncured CKD. We summarize here the potential of stem-cell-based therapy for injured tissue repair andde novowhole kidney regeneration. In addition, we describe the hurdles that must be overcome and possible applications of this approach in kidney regeneration.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetic Nephropathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Sydney C.W. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) represents the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Current therapeutic strategies for DN are very limited, and none of them can stop end-stage renal disease progression. Stem cell-based therapy showed encouraging outcomes in kidney disease, including experimental DN. Summary: Both podocytes and proximal tubular epithelial cells play key roles in the pathogenesis of DN and, accordingly, could be regarded as treatment targets. Multiple kinds of stem cells contribute to the regeneration of the injured kidney, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Stem cells exert reparatory effects mainly by homing to injured sites, directing differentiation, paracrine action, and immunoregulation. However, poor survival after transplantation under diabetic conditions and unsatisfactory animal models of advanced DN are major obstacles for achieving an efficacious therapeutic effect from stem cell transplantation. Recently, remarkable progress has been made both in the direct differentiation of human ESCs and iPSCs into renal cells and in the generation of tissue- and patient-specific iPSCs, offering a powerful tool to investigate DN mechanisms and to identify the ideal candidate cell for future clinical application. Key Message: This review provides updated information on recent progress and limitations of stem cell-based therapy for DN.

scholarly journals Potential Use of Stem Cells for Kidney Regeneration

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yokoo ◽  
Kei Matsumoto ◽  
Shinya Yokote
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Research ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Kidney Regeneration ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Kidney Dialysis ◽  
Organ Regeneration ◽  
Renal Stem Cell

Significant advances have been made in stem cell research over the past decade. A number of nonhematopoietic sources of stem cells (or progenitor cells) have been identified, including endothelial stem cells and neural stem cells. These discoveries have been a major step toward the use of stem cells for potential clinical applications of organ regeneration. Accordingly, kidney regeneration is currently gaining considerable attention to replace kidney dialysis as the ultimate therapeutic strategy for renal failure. However, due to anatomic complications, the kidney is believed to be the hardest organ to regenerate; it is virtually impossible to imagine such a complicated organ being completely rebuilt from pluripotent stem cells by gene or chemical manipulation. Nevertheless, several groups are taking on this big challenge. In this manuscript, current advances in renal stem cell research are reviewed and their usefulness for kidney regeneration discussed. We also reviewed the current knowledge of the emerging field of renal stem cell biology.

scholarly journals Glutathione–Allylsulfur Conjugates as Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulating Agents for Potential Applications in Tissue Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Di Giovanni ◽  
Silvia Buonvino ◽  
Ivano Amelio ◽  
Sonia Melino
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Stem Cell Delivery ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

The endogenous gasotransmitter H2S plays an important role in the central nervous, respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Accordingly, slow-releasing H2S donors are powerful tools for basic studies and innovative pharmaco-therapeutic agents for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, the effects of H2S-releasing agents on the growth of stem cells have not been fully investigated. H2S preconditioning can enhance mesenchymal stem cell survival after post-ischaemic myocardial implantation; therefore, stem cell therapy combined with H2S may be relevant in cell-based therapy for regenerative medicine. Here, we studied the effects of slow-releasing H2S agents on the cell growth and differentiation of cardiac Lin− Sca1+ human mesenchymal stem cells (cMSC) and on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). In particular, we investigated the effects of water-soluble GSH–garlic conjugates (GSGa) on cMSC compared to other H2S-releasing agents, such as Na2S and GYY4137. GSGa treatment of cMSC and NHDF increased their cell proliferation and migration in a concentration dependent manner with respect to the control. GSGa treatment promoted an upregulation of the expression of proteins involved in oxidative stress protection, cell–cell adhesion and commitment to differentiation. These results highlight the effects of H2S-natural donors as biochemical factors that promote MSC homing, increasing their safety profile and efficacy after transplantation, and the value of these donors in developing functional 3D-stem cell delivery systems for cardiac muscle tissue repair and regeneration.

Exploring the role of stem cell therapy in treating neurodegenerative diseases: Challenges and current perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Puranik ◽  
Ananta Prasad Arukha ◽  
Shiv Kumar Yadav ◽  
Dhananjay Yadav ◽  
Jun O Jin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Cord Injury

: Several human neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Huntington’s disease, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and brain stroke, are caused by the injury to neurons or glial cells. The recent years have witnessed the successful generation of neurons and glia cells driving efforts to develop stem-cell-based therapies for patients to combat a broad spectrum of human neurological diseases. The inadequacy of suitable cell types for cell replacement therapy in patients suffering from neurological disorders have hampered the development of this promising therapeutic approach. Attempts are thus being made to reconstruct viable neurons and glial cells from different stem cells such as the embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and neural stem cells. Dedicated research to cultivate stem cell-based brain transplantation therapies have been carried out. We aim at compiling the breakthroughs in the field of stem cell-based therapy for the treatment of neurodegenerative maladies, emphasizing on the shortcomings faced, victories achieved, and the future prospects of the therapy in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Stem Cell-Based Cell Therapy for Glomerulonephritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiling Jin ◽  
Yuansheng Xie ◽  
Qinggang Li ◽  
Xiangmei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Glomerular Injury ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Stem Cell Populations

Glomerulonephritis (GN), characterized by immune-mediated inflammatory changes in the glomerular, is a common cause of end stage renal disease. Therapeutic options for glomerulonephritis applicable to all cases mainly include symptomatic treatment and strategies to delay progression. In the attempt to yield innovative interventions fostering the limited capability of regeneration of renal tissue after injury and the uncontrolled pathological process by current treatments, stem cell-based therapy has emerged as novel therapy for its ability to inhibit inflammation and promote regeneration. Many basic and clinical studies have been performed that support the ability of various stem cell populations to ameliorate glomerular injury and improve renal function. However, there is a long way before putting stem cell-based therapy into clinical practice. In the present article, we aim to review works performed with respect to the use of stem cell of different origins in GN, and to discuss the potential mechanism of therapeutic effect and the challenges for clinical application of stem cells.

scholarly journals Current Bioengineering Methods for Whole Kidney Regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichiro Yamanaka ◽  
Takashi Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Kidney Regeneration ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Kidney Dialysis ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Embryonic Organ

Kidney regeneration is likely to provide an inexhaustible source of tissues and organs for immunosuppression-free transplantation. It is currently garnering considerable attention and might replace kidney dialysis as the ultimate therapeutic strategy for renal failure. However, anatomical complications make kidney regeneration difficult. Here, we review recent advances in the field of kidney regeneration, including (i) the directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells/embryonic stem cells into kidney cells; (ii) blastocyst decomplementation; (iii) use of a decellularized cadaveric scaffold; (iv) embryonic organ transplantation; and (v) use of a nephrogenic niche for growing xenoembryos forde novokidney regeneration from stem cells. All these approaches represent potentially promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease. Although many obstacles to kidney regeneration remain, we hope that innovative strategies and reliable research will ultimately allow the restoration of renal function in patients with end-stage kidney disease.

scholarly journals Core–shell hydrogel microcapsules enable formation of human pluripotent stem cell spheroids and their cultivation in a stirred bioreactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouria Fattahi ◽  
Ali Rahimian ◽  
Michael Q. Slama ◽  
Kihak Gwon ◽  
Alan M. Gonzalez-Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Bioreactor Culture ◽  
Stirred Bioreactor ◽  
Cell Spheroids ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Aqueous Core ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Stirred Bioreactors

AbstractCellular therapies based on human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer considerable promise for treating numerous diseases including diabetes and end stage liver failure. Stem cell spheroids may be cultured in stirred bioreactors to scale up cell production to cell numbers relevant for use in humans. Despite significant progress in bioreactor culture of stem cells, areas for improvement remain. In this study, we demonstrate that microfluidic encapsulation of hPSCs and formation of spheroids. A co-axial droplet microfluidic device was used to fabricate 400 μm diameter capsules with a poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel shell and an aqueous core. Spheroid formation was demonstrated for three hPSC lines to highlight broad utility of this encapsulation technology. In-capsule differentiation of stem cell spheroids into pancreatic β-cells in suspension culture was also demonstrated.

scholarly journals Preclinical efficacy of stem cell therapy for skin flap: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Qi-lin Jiang ◽  
Leanne Van der Merwe ◽  
Dong-hao Lou ◽  
Cai Lin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Skin Flaps ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Treatment

Abstract Background A skin flap is one of the most critical surgical techniques for the restoration of cutaneous defects. However, the distal necrosis of the skin flap severely restricts the clinical application of flap surgery. As there is no consensus on the treatment methods to prevent distal necrosis of skin flaps, more effective and feasible interventions to prevent skin flaps from necrosis are urgently needed. Stem therapy as a potential method to improve the survival rate of skin flaps is receiving increasing attention. Methods This review followed the recommendations from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statements. Twenty studies with 500 animals were included by searching Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases, up until October 8, 2020. Moreover, the references of the included articles were searched manually to obtain other studies. All analyses were conducted using Review Manager V.5.3 software. Results Meta-analysis of all 20 studies demonstrated stem cell treatment has significant effects on reducing necrosis of skin flap compared with the control group (SMD: 3.20, 95% CI 2.47 to 3.93). Besides, subgroup analysis showed differences in the efficacy of stem cells in improving the survival rate of skin flaps in areas of skin flap, cell type, transplant types, and method of administration of stem cells. The meta-analysis also showed that stem cell treatment had a significant effect on increasing blood vessel density (SMD: 2.96, 95% CI 2.21 to 3.72) and increasing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, SMD: 4.34, 95% CI 2.48 to 6.1). Conclusions The preclinical evidence of our systematic review indicate that stem cell-based therapy is effective for promoting early angiogenesis by up regulating VEGF and ultimately improving the survival rate of skin flap. In summary, small area skin flap, the administration method of intra-arterial injection, ASCs and MSCs, and xenogenic stem cells from humans showed more effective for the survival of animal skin flaps. In general, stem cell-based therapy may be a promising method to prevent skin flap necrosis.

Amniotic Stem Cell-Conditioned Media for the Treatment of Nerve and Muscle Pathology: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuweike Gwam ◽  
Ahmed Emara ◽  
Nequesha Mohamed ◽  
Noor Chughtai ◽  
Johannes Plate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Conditioned Media ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Muscle Pathology ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

Muscle and nerve tissue damage can elicit a significant loss of function and poses as a burden for patients and healthcare providers. Even for tissues, such as the peripheral nerve and skeletal muscle, that harbor significant regenerative capacity, innate regenerative processes often lead to less than optimal recovery and residual loss of function. The reasons for poor regeneration include significant cell damage secondary to oxidative stress, poor recruitment of resident stem cells, and an unfavorable microenvironment for tissue regeneration. Stem cell-based therapy was once thought as a potential therapy in tissue regeneration, due to its self-renewal and multipotent capabilities. Early advocates for cellular-based therapy pointed to the pluripotent nature of stem cells, thus eluding to its ability to differentiate into resident cells as the source of its regenerative capability. However, increasing evidence has revealed a lack of engraftment and differentiation of stem cells, thereby pointing to stem cell paracrine activity as being responsible for its regenerative potential. Stem cell-conditioned media houses biomolecular factors that portray significant regenerative potential. Amniotic-derived stem cell-conditioned media (AFS-CM) has been of particular interest because of its ease of allocation and in vitro culture. The purpose of this review is to report the results of studies that assess the role of AFS-CM for nerve and muscle conditions. In this review, we will cover the effects of AFS-CM on cellular pathways, genes, and protein expression for different nerve and muscle cell types.

scholarly journals De Novo Atypical Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome after Kidney Transplantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Arnaud Devresse ◽  
Martine de Meyer ◽  
Selda Aydin ◽  
Karin Dahan ◽  
Nada Kanaan
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Factor H ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Hinman Syndrome ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

De novo thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) can occur after kidney transplantation. An abnormality of the alternative pathway of complement must be suspected and searched for, even in presence of a secondary cause. We report the case of a 23-year-old female patient who was transplanted with a kidney from her mother for end-stage renal disease secondary to Hinman syndrome. Early after transplantation, she presented with 2 episodes of severe pyelonephritis, associated with acute kidney dysfunction and biological and histological features of TMA. Investigations of the alternative pathway of the complement system revealed atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome secondary to complement factor I mutation, associated with mutations in CD46 and complement factor H related protein genes. Plasma exchanges followed by eculizumab injections allowed improvement of kidney function without, however, normalization of creatinine.

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