scholarly journals Behavioral, Neurochemical and Neuroendocrine Effects of Abnormal Savda Munziq in the Chronic Stress Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurmuhammat Amat ◽  
Parida Hoxur ◽  
Dang Ming ◽  
Aynur Matsidik ◽  
Anake Kijjoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Latency Time ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Traditional Uighur Medicine ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Abnormal Savda ◽  
Abnormal Savda Munziq ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Memory Enhancing

Oral administration of Abnormal Savda Munsiq (ASMq), a herbal preparation used in Traditional Uighur Medicine, was found to exert a memory-enhancing effect in the chronic stressed mice, induced by electric foot-shock. The memory improvement of the stressed mice was shown by an increase of the latency time in the step-through test and the decrease of the latency time in the Y-maze test. Treatment with ASMq was found to significantly decrease the serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT) and -endorphin (-EP) as well as the brain and serum level of norepinephrine (NE). Furthermore, ASMq was able to significantly reverse the chronic stress by decreasing the brain and serum levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPAC). The results obtained from this study suggested that the memory-enhancing effect of ASMq was mediated through regulations of neurochemical and neuroendocrine systems.

EFFECT OF DROTAVERINE, A PHOSPHODIESTERASE 4 INHIBITOR IN SCOPOLAMINE-INDUCED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
KAYALVIZHI MK
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Group I ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Memory Enhancing

Objective: Cognitive impairment (CI) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and causes significant dementia in the elderly. Intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling has been well established in the mediation of memory. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cAMP and/or cyclic GMP. Drotaverine is a novel non-anticholinergic smooth muscle antispasmodic which acts by inhibiting PDE-4. It is now clinically used in smooth muscle spasms (intestinal, biliary and renal colic, irritable bowel syndrome, uterine spasms, etc.) without anticholinergic side effects. Since Drotaverine has PDE4 inhibition property, its role in learning and memory was evaluated in this study and found that it has memory enhancing effect comparable with donepezil in scopolamine-induced CI in rats. Methods: Learning and memory were assessed with two behavioral models, namely, elevated plus maze (EPM) and Y maze. CI was produced by scopolamine. Rats were divided into five groups, Group I treated with normal saline, Group II treated with scopolamine, and Groups III, IV, and V were treated with donepezil, Drotaverine, and both, respectively. Results: The result analysis revealed significant differences in transfer latency in EPM performance between Groups III, IV, V and Group II (***p<0.001). The results of spontaneous alternation in Y maze show that there was a significant difference among all the treatments groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Drotaverine has promising memory enhancing effect in CI induced by scopolamine in rats. Further clinical trials are needed to prove this finding which has been elicited in animal models.

Evaluation of the Neurobehavioral Properties of Naringin in Swiss Mice

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (08) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benneth Ben-Azu ◽  
Ekene Nwoke ◽  
Solomon Umukoro ◽  
Adegbuyi Aderibigbe ◽  
Abayomi Ajayi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Memory Enhancing

Abstract Objectives This study was carried out to investigate the neurobehavioral properties of naringin, a flavonoid compound formed from naringenin on behavioral models in mice. Method The neurobehavioral property of naringin (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) was assessed on novelty-induced rearing, locomotor behavior using open field test; anxiolytic effect was evaluated using hole-board, light and dark box, and elevated-plus maze paradigms. The anti-depressant-like property was also assessed using forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and social interaction test (SIT). The cognitive enhancing effect of naringin was evaluated using Y-maze test. Results Intraperitoneal administration of naringin (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) demonstrated significant (p<0.05) increase in rearing behavior but not the spontaneous motor activity in comparison to control. In the anti-depressant test, naringin (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased the duration of immobility in the FST and TST, and increased the % social interaction preference in the SIT relative to controls, suggesting anti-depressant-like and increased social behaviors. Moreover, naringin also exhibited anxiolytic and memory enhancing properties in mice. Conclusion These findings suggest that naringin possesses anti-depressant- and anxiolytic-like activities as well as memory enhancing effect in mice.

Evaluation of the Memory Enhancing Activity of Dichloromethane Fraction of the Methanolic Extract of Pycnanthus angolensis Stem Bark on Experimental Models of Memory Impairment

Drug Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 551-558
Author(s):  
Chinwuba Ekwutosi Patricia ◽  
Bakare Adewale Ganiyu ◽  
Ben-Azu Benneth ◽  
Iwalewa Ezekiel Olugbenga
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Antioxidant Markers ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Memory Enhancing

Abstract Pycnanthus angolensis (Welw) Warb., Myristicaceae, is used extensively in ethnomedicine. Numerous health benefits have been ascribed to the use of different parts of P. angolensis including its role in cognitive function and inflammatory conditions. Hence, this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of stem bark of the plant on memory function in mice.The plant material was pulverized into powder and extracted by maceration with 80% methanol at room temperature for 48 h. This was subsequently fractionated using N-hexane, Dichloromethane (DCM) and Ethyl acetate. The Dichloromethane fraction which is the most potent fraction (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) was evaluated for memory enhancing activity using the Y-maze (YMT), morris water maze (MWM) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) on D-galactose plus scopolamine and ketamine induced amnesia. The antioxidant markers and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibiting effect of DCM were also investigated.The results obtained from the behavioural study indicates that the DCM fraction significantly (p<0.05) increased alternation behaviour of mice in the YMT, decreased the escape latency in the MWM paradigm and decreased the transfer latency in the EPM. Biochemically, DCM increased glutathione, and superoxide dismutase, but decreased malondialdehyde and AChE activity in the brain.The findings therefore suggests that the DCM possesses significant memory enhancing activity, which may be due to enhancement of antioxidant activity and cholinergic transmission. The attenuation of the effect of ketamine by the DCM may possibly result from an increase in NMDA receptor mediated neurotransmission and attenuation of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals CCK-A and CCK-B receptors enhance olfactory recognition via distinct neuronal pathways.

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
M Lemaire ◽  
P Barnéoud ◽  
G A Böhme ◽  
O Piot ◽  
F Haun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Test ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Perforant Path ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Olfactory Recognition ◽  
Principal Source ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Memory Enhancing

We have previously reported that CCK-A receptor agonists and CCK-B receptor antagonists both enhance memory in an olfactory recognition test. Here, we report that the memory-enhancing effect of the CCK-B receptor antagonist L-365,260 (1 mg/kg i.p.), but not that of the CCK-A receptor agonist caerulein (0.03 mg/kg i.p.), was dramatically decreased following a bilateral transection of the perforant path, a principal source of input to the hippocampal formation. We further confirmed that a significant memory deficit occurred subsequent to this deafferentation of the hippocampus in untreated animals. In contrast, the effect of caerulein, but not that of L-365,260, was abolished following a bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. These results demonstrate that the hippocampal system plays a role in olfactory recognition and indicate that distinct neuronal pathways underlie the memory-enhancing effects of CCK-A and CCK-B drugs observed in the olfactory recognition test. The former effects (CCK-A) appear to involve a peripheral relay to the brain via the vagus nerve, whereas the latter (CCK-B) are directly central and involve, at least in part, the hippocampal system.

scholarly journals Towards Modernization of the Formulation of the Traditional Uighur Medicine Herbal PreparationAbnormal Savda Munziq

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Kizaibek ◽  
Ruxandra Popescu ◽  
Sonja Prinz ◽  
Halmurat Upur ◽  
Judith Singhuber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Phenolic Fraction ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Traditional Uighur Medicine ◽  
Abnormal Savda ◽  
Abnormal Savda Munziq

Abnormal Savda Munziq(ASMq) is a herbal preparation used in Traditional Uighur Medicine for the treatment and prevention of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic asthma and cancer. The recommended dose of this decoction for cancer patients is 500 mL administered orally three times a day. Our approach aimed at reducing the high amount of fluid intake required by fractionation of ASMq guided by the antiproliferative activity on HL-60 cells. The fractionation of ASMq resulted in the preparation of an active extract, Extr-4. Using solid phase extraction, Extr-4 was further fractionated into five fractions (SPE-0, SPE-20, SPE-40, SPE-60 and SPE-80), with SPE-40 showing the strongest antiproliferative activity. Caffeic acid, rutin, isoquercitrin, isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, rosmarinic acid, luteolin and formononetin were identified in Extr-4 and fractions thereof by means of TLC, HPLC-DAD and LC-MS. SPE-40 contained the main compounds responsible for the antiproliferative activity on HL-60 cells. Thus, a phenolic fraction with high antiproliferative activity on HL-60 cells was obtained from ASMq through the bioassay-guided fractionation process. This could provide a better pharmaceutical formulation that minimizes the administration inconveniencies of a high volume (1.5 L per day) of ASMq decoction for cancer patients.

ADRENERGIC INPUTS TO THE AMYGDALA AND THE CONTROL OF GONADOTROPHIN RELEASE

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Borrell ◽  
Flavio Piva ◽  
Luciano Martini
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Receptor Blocker ◽  
Dopaminergic Drug ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Biphasic Effect ◽  
Adrenergic Blocker ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT Drugs able to mimic or to antagonize the action of catecholamines have been implanted bilaterally into the basomedial region of the amygdala of adult castrated female rats. The animals were killed at different intervals after the implantation of the different drugs, and serum levels of LH and FSH were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results have shown that the intra-amygdalar implantation of the alpha-adrenergic blocker phenoxybenzamine induces a significant increase of the release both of LH and FSH. The implantation of the beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol brings about a rise of LH only. The dopamine receptor blocker pimozide stimulates the release of LH and exerts a biphasic effect (stimulation followed by inhibition) of FSH secretion. The alpha-receptor stimulant clonidine and the dopaminergic drug 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine were without significant effects. From these observations it is suggested that the adrenergic signals reaching the basomedial area of the amygdala (possibly from the brain stem) may be involved in the modulation of gonadotrophin secretion.

Investigations into cytotoxic effects of the herbal preparation Abnormal Savda Munziq

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Kühnel ◽  
Abulimiti Adilijiang ◽  
Agnes Dadak ◽  
Matthias Wieser ◽  
Halmurat Upur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Preparation ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Abnormal Savda ◽  
Abnormal Savda Munziq

scholarly journals Chronic social stress-induced hyperglycemia in mice couples individual stress susceptibility to impaired spatial memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (43) ◽  
pp. E10187-E10196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. van der Kooij ◽  
Tanja Jene ◽  
Giulia Treccani ◽  
Isabelle Miederer ◽  
Annika Hasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
The Brain

Stringent glucose demands render the brain susceptible to disturbances in the supply of this main source of energy, and chronic stress may constitute such a disruption. However, whether stress-associated cognitive impairments may arise from disturbed glucose regulation remains unclear. Here we show that chronic social defeat (CSD) stress in adult male mice induces hyperglycemia and directly affects spatial memory performance. Stressed mice developed hyperglycemia and impaired glucose metabolism peripherally as well as in the brain (demonstrated by PET and induced metabolic bioluminescence imaging), which was accompanied by hippocampus-related spatial memory impairments. Importantly, the cognitive and metabolic phenotype pertained to a subset of stressed mice and could be linked to early hyperglycemia 2 days post-CSD. Based on this criterion, ∼40% of the stressed mice had a high-glucose (glucose >150 mg/dL), stress-susceptible phenotype. The relevance of this biomarker emerges from the effects of the glucose-lowering sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin, because upon dietary treatment, mice identified as having high glucose demonstrated restored spatial memory and normalized glucose metabolism. Conversely, reducing glucose levels by empagliflozin in mice that did not display stress-induced hyperglycemia (resilient mice) impaired their default-intact spatial memory performance. We conclude that hyperglycemia developing early after chronic stress threatens long-term glucose homeostasis and causes spatial memory dysfunction. Our findings may explain the comorbidity between stress-related and metabolic disorders, such as depression and diabetes, and suggest that cognitive impairments in both types of disorders could originate from excessive cerebral glucose accumulation.

scholarly journals Memory enhancing effect of embelin against scopolamine-induced amnesia in Sprague Dawley rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuvanendran Saatheeyavaane ◽  
Kumari Yatinesh ◽  
Othman Lekshan ◽  
Shaikh Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Memory Enhancing
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