scholarly journals Susceptibility ofGardnerella vaginalisBiofilms to Natural Antimicrobials Subtilosin,ε-Poly-L-Lysine, and Lauramide Arginine Ethyl Ester

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy Turovskiy ◽  
Thomson Cheryian ◽  
Ammar Algburi ◽  
Ruth E. Wirawan ◽  
Paul Takhistov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Infection ◽  
Natural Antimicrobials ◽  
Rapid Methods ◽  
Plate Counts

Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal infection associated with numerous gynecological and obstetric complications. This condition is characterized by the presence of thick adherent vaginal biofilms, composed mainly ofGardnerella vaginalis. This organism is thought to be the primary aetiological cause of the infection paving the way for various opportunists to colonize the niche. Previously, we reported that the natural antimicrobials subtilosin,ε-poly-L-lysine, and lauramide arginine ethyl ester selectively inhibit the growth of this pathogen. In this study, we used plate counts to evaluate the efficacy of these antimicrobials against established biofilms ofG. vaginalis. Additionally, we validated and compared two rapid methods (ATP viability and resazurin assays) for the assessment of cell viability in the antimicrobial-treatedG. vaginalisbiofilms. Out of the tested antimicrobials, lauramide arginine ethyl ester had the strongest bactericidal effect, followed by subtilosin, with clindamycin and polylysine showing the weakest effect. In comparison to plate counts, ATP viability and resazurin assays considerably underestimated the bactericidal effect of some antimicrobials. Our results indicate that these assays should be validated for every new application.

scholarly journals Metatranscriptome Analysis of the Vaginal Microbiota Reveals Potential Mechanisms for Protection against Metronidazole in Bacterial Vaginosis

mSphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Luo Deng ◽  
Cornelia Gottschick ◽  
Sabin Bhuju ◽  
Clarissa Masur ◽  
Christoph Abels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Fluid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Cas Genes

ABSTRACT Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a prevalent multifactorial disease of women in their reproductive years characterized by a shift from the Lactobacillus species-dominated microbial community toward a taxonomically diverse anaerobic community. For unknown reasons, some women do not respond to therapy. In our recent clinical study, among 37 women diagnosed with BV, 31 were successfully treated with metronidazole, while 6 still had BV after treatment. To discover possible reasons for the lack of response in those patients, we performed a metatranscriptome analysis of their vaginal microbiota, comparing them to the patients who responded. Seven of 8 clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) genes of Gardnerella vaginalis were highly upregulated in nonresponding patients. Cas genes, in addition to protecting against phages, might be involved in DNA repair, thus mitigating the bactericidal effect of DNA-damaging agents such as metronidazole. In the second part of our study, we analyzed the vaginal metatranscriptomes of four patients over 3 months and showed high in vivo expression of genes for pore-forming toxins in L. iners and of genes encoding enzymes for the production of hydrogen peroxide and d-lactate in L. crispatus. IMPORTANCE Bacterial vaginosis is a serious issue for women in their reproductive years. Although it can usually be cured by antibiotics, the recurrence rate is very high, and some women do not respond to antibiotic therapy. The reasons for that are not known. Therefore, we undertook a study to detect the activity of the complete microbiota in the vaginal fluid of women who responded to antibiotic therapy and compared it to the activity of the microbiota in women who did not respond. We found that one of the most important pathogens in bacterial vaginosis, Gardnerella vaginalis, has activated genes that can repair the DNA damage caused by the antibiotic in those women that do not respond to therapy. Suppressing these genes might be a possibility to improve the antibiotic therapy of bacterial vaginosis.

scholarly journals Importance of Isolation and Biotypization of Gardnerella Vaginalis in Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Numanović ◽  
Mirsada Hukić ◽  
Mahmud Nurkić ◽  
Merima Gegić ◽  
Zineta Delibegović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Subjective Symptoms ◽  
Vaginal Infection ◽  
Vaginal Secretion ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Amsel Criteria

The natural habitat of Gardnerella vaginalis is a vagina since it could be located among 69% of women who have no signs of vaginal infection and in the vagina of as many as 13,5% girls. G. vaginalis is almost certainly identified among women diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis as well as in the urethra of their sexual partner. The increase in prevalence and concentration of G. vaginalis among patients diagnosed with this syndrome confirms that G. vaginalis plays a significant role in its pathogenesis. In our research, based on Amsel criteria for three or more clinical signs of bacterial vaginosis, it was diagnosed in 20,5% of women with subjective problems of vaginal infection, and in 48,80% of women with subjective symptoms characteristic of this disease. G. vaginalis was isolated from vaginal secretion of women without clinical signs characteristic of bacterial vaginosis. In 2,58% of cases it was solitary, while in 1,28% it was found in combination with other aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and, in 1,28% women combined with Candida albicans. The isolation of G. vaginalis was significantly increased (p<0,05) in the group of women with clinical signs of bacterial vaginosis in comparison to the group of women without these signs. Frequent recurrence of bacterial vaginosis, which is found in 20-30% of women within a three months treatment, is explained as reinfection with other biotype of G. vaginalis, different from a source biotype or as a consequence of wrong treatment. Following Piot biotype scheme, biotypes 2., 3. and 7. G. vaginalis are significantly more often isolated from women who suffer from bacterial vaginosis. Biotype 7. G. vaginalis, isolated from the group of women without clinical signs of bacterial vaginosis, accounted for 2,58% cases. Following Benit biotype scheme, biotypes IVa, IVc and Ilc were identified in 12,90% cases, while biotypes Illa, IIa, Ia, IVb, IIb were found in 6,45% cases. Lipase-positive isolates of G. vaginalis were significantly more frequently accompanied by the syndrome of bacterial vaginosis.

scholarly journals Metatranscriptome analysis of the vaginal microbiota reveals potential mechanisms for protection against metronidazole in bacterial vaginosis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Luo Deng ◽  
Cornelia Gottschick ◽  
Sabin Bhuju ◽  
Clarissa Masur ◽  
Christoph Abels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Recent Clinical Study ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cas Genes

AbstractBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a prevalent multifactorial disease of women in their reproductive years characterized by a shift from the Lactobacillus spp. dominated microbial community towards a taxonomically diverse anaerobic community. For unknown reasons, some women do not respond to therapy. In our recent clinical study, out of 37 women diagnosed with BV, 31 were successfully treated with metronidazole, while 6 still had BV after treatment. To discover possible reasons for the lack of response in those patients, we performed a metatranscriptome analysis of their vaginal microbiota, comparing them to patients who responded. Seven out of 8 Cas genes of Gardnerella vaginalis were highly up-regulated in non-responding patients. Cas genes, in addition to protecting against phages, might be involved in DNA repair thus mitigating the bactericidal effect of DNA damaging agents like metronidazole. In the second part of our study, we analyzed the vaginal metatranscriptomes of four patients over three months and showed high in vivo expression of genes for pore-forming toxins in L. iners and of genes encoding enzymes for the production of hydrogen peroxide and D-lactate in L. crispatus.

scholarly journals Genome Sequences of 15 Gardnerella vaginalis Strains Isolated from the Vaginas of Women with and without Bacterial Vaginosis: TABLE 1 

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd S. Robinson ◽  
Justin Perry ◽  
Sai Lek ◽  
Aye Wollam ◽  
Erica Sodergren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

Gardnerella vaginalis is a predominant species in bacterial vaginosis, a dysbiosis of the vagina that is associated with adverse health outcomes, including preterm birth. Here, we present the draft genome sequences of 15 Gardnerella vaginalis strains (now available through BEI Resources) isolated from women with and without bacterial vaginosis.

Clinical and pharmacological rationale for principles of therapy for bacterial vaginosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
N.B. Lazareva ◽  
◽  
E.V. Rebrova ◽  
A.Yu. Ryazanova ◽  
E.V. Shikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Low Incidence

Metronidazole and clindamycin have been the main medications for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) for 60 years. Despite the available arsenal of therapeutic agents, the frequency of disease recurrence remains high, and therefore the search for new therapeutic approaches remains relevant. In 2017, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration, USA) approved the use of secnidazole for the treatment of BV. As a member of the 5-nitroimidazole group, secnidazole differs structurally from metronidazole and tinidazole by radical groups attached to the annular nitrogen next to the nitro group. Structural differences may explain physicochemical and biochemical differences (e.g., tissue distribution, metabolic pathways) between these agents within the same pharmacological class of 5-nitroimidazoles. Secnidazole has the longest half-life compared to other medications in this group, which can significantly increase adherence to treatment, due to the possibility of achieving a clinical effect after a single use and a low incidence of adverse drug reactions, comparable to placebo. Key words: bacterial vaginosis, gardnerella vaginalis, lactobacilli, metronidazole, secnidazole

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document