scholarly journals Relationship between Plasma Leptin Level and Chronic Kidney Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop Shankar ◽  
Shirmila Syamala ◽  
Jie Xiao ◽  
Paul Muntner
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Hemostatic Factors ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Background. Leptin is an adipose tissue-derived hormone shown to be related to several metabolic, inflammatory, and hemostatic factors related to chronic kidney disease. Recent animal studies have reported that infusion of recombinant leptin into normal rats for 3 weeks fosters the development of glomerulosclerosis. However, few studies have examined the association between leptin and CKD in humans. Therefore, we examined the association between plasma leptin levels and CKD in a representative sample of US adults.Methods. We examined the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants >20 years of age (n=5820, 53.6% women). Plasma leptin levels were categorized into quartiles (≤4.3 Fg/L, 4.4–8.7 Fg/L, 8.8–16.9 Fg/L, >16.9 Fg/L). CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2estimated from serum creatinine.Results. Higher plasma leptin levels were associated with CKD after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, smoking, alcohol intake, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, and serum cholesterol. Compared to quartile 1 of leptin (referent), the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of CKD associated with quartile 4 was 3.31 (1.41 to 7.78);P-trend= 0.0135. Subgroup analyses examining the relation between leptin and CKD by gender, BMI categories, diabetes, and hypertension status also showed a consistent positive association.Conclusion. Higher plasma leptin levels are associated with CKD in a representative sample of US adults.

scholarly journals The Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Parathyroid Hormone in Adults With/Without Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Qin ◽  
Qinbo Yang ◽  
Ruoxi Liao ◽  
Baihai Su
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pth Level

Aims: We aimed to assess the association between dietary inflammation index (DII) with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hyperparathyroidism (HP) in adults with/without chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: Data were obtained from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The participants who were &lt;18 years old, pregnant, or missing the data of DII, PTH, and CKD were excluded. DII was calculated based on a 24-h dietary recall interview for each participant. Weighted multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to estimate the independent relationship between DII with PTH and the HP in the population with CKD/non-CKD.Results: A total of 7,679 participants were included with the median DII of −0.24 (−2.20 to 1.80) and a mean PTH level of 43.42 ± 23.21 pg/ml. The average PTH was 45.53 ± 26.63 pg/ml for the participants in the highest tertile group compared with 41.42 ± 19.74 pg/ml in the lowest tertile group (P &lt; 0.0001). The rate of HP was 11.15% overall, while the rate in the highest DII tertile was 13.28 and 8.60% in the lowest DII tertile (P &lt; 0.0001). The participants with CKD tended to have higher PTH levels compared with their counterparts (61.23 ± 45.62 vs. 41.80 ± 19.16 pg/ml, P &lt; 0.0001). A positive association between DII scores and PTH was observed (β = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.66, P ≤ 0.0001), and higher DII was associated with an increased risk of HP (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.08, P = 0.0023). The results from subgroup analysis indicated that this association was similar in the participants with different renal function, gender, age, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes statuses and could also be appropriate for the population with CKD.Conclusions: Higher consumption of a pro-inflammatory diet appeared to cause a higher PTH level and an increased risk of HP. Anti-inflammatory dietary management may be beneficial to reduce the risk of HP both in the population with and without CKD.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Hypertension in a Nationally Representative Sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dee Geiger ◽  
Anoop Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), characterized by abnormal respiratory patterns or inadequate quantity of ventilation, is common in adults. A positive association between SDB and hypertension has been established, in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. One void in the literature concerns the role of race/ethnicity in the association between SDB and hypertension. In this context, a cross-sectional study was performed on 6,783 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2008. Participants were ≥age 20 and free from cardiovascular disease. The outcome of interest was hypertension, defined as ≥140 mmHg systolic blood pressure (BP), and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic BP or antihypertensive medication use. Self-reported SDB was positively associated with hypertension, independent of confounders such as depression, diabetes, cholesterol levels, and body mass index, among others. The association persisted in subgroup analyses by gender, with a stronger association among males than females, as well as by race/ethnicity, with non-Hispanic blacks displaying the strongest association. In the multivariable-adjusted model, compared to a sleep summary score of zero (referent), the OR (95% CI) of hypertension for non-Hispanic blacks was 1.34 (0.98–1.83) for a sleep summary score of 1, 1.44 (1.06–1.97) for a score of 2 and 3.72 (1.98–7.00) for a score of >3;p-trend< 0.0001. SDB was positively associated with hypertension in a large, nationally representative sample of US adults. Along with being prevalent, SDB is also treatable. Therefore, our results are important for minority race/ethnic groups who typically experience a higher baseline for negative health outcomes.

scholarly journals Urinary Bisphenol A and Hypertension in a Multiethnic Sample of US Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop Shankar ◽  
Srinivas Teppala
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Background. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common chemical used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, with >93% of US adults having detectable BPA levels in urine. Recent animal studies have suggested that BPA exposure may have a role in several mechanisms involved in the development of hypertension, including weight gain, insulin resistance, thyroid dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. However, no previous human study has examined the association between markers of BPA exposure and hypertension.Methods. We examined urinary BPA levels in 1380 subjects from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2003-2004. Main outcome-of-interest was hypertension, defined as blood pressure-reducing medication use and/or blood pressures >140/90 mm of Hg (n=580).Results. We observed a positive association between increasing levels of urinary BPA and hypertension independent of confounding factors such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, smoking, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus and total serum cholesterol levels. Compared to tertile 1 (referent), the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of hypertension associated with tertile 3 was 1.50 (1.12−2.00);P-trend = 0.007. The association was consistently present in subgroup analyses by race/ethnicity, smoking status, BMI, and diabetes mellitus.Conclusions. Urinary BPA levels are associated with hypertension, independent of traditional risk factors.

Abstract MP012: Plasma Galectin-3 Levels and Subsequent Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey M Rebholz ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin ◽  
Menglu Liang ◽  
Christie M Ballantyne ◽  
Ron C Hoogeveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Incident Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Galectin 3

Introduction: Galectin-3 is a 35 kDa β-galactoside-binding lectin which has been proposed as a novel biomarker of heart failure primarily due to its involvement in myocardial fibrosis. Elevated levels of galectin-3 may be associated with fibrosis of other organs, such as the kidney, and increase the risk of developing kidney disease. Methods: Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we prospectively analyzed Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants with measurements of plasma galectin-3 levels at baseline (visit 4, 1996-98) and without prevalent kidney disease or heart failure (N=9,647). Incident chronic kidney disease was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 accompanied by 25% eGFR decline, chronic kidney disease-related hospitalization or death, or end-stage renal disease between baseline and December 31, 2013. Results: 2,105 participants (22%) developed incident chronic kidney disease over a median follow-up of 16 years. The mean (standard deviation) plasma level of galectin-3 was 14.7 (4.4) ng/mL. At baseline, galectin-3 was cross-sectionally associated with eGFR (r = -0.31) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) (r = 0.19). After adjusting for demographics and kidney disease risk factors, there was a significant, graded, and positive association between galectin-3 and incident chronic kidney disease (quartile 4 vs. 1 HR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.62, 2.09, p for trend <0.001). The association between galectin-3 and incident chronic kidney disease was attenuated but remained significant after accounting for eGFR and UACR (quartile 4 vs. 1 HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.39, 1.80, p for trend <0.001). The association was similar by diabetes status (p for interaction = 0.33) and stronger among those with hypertension (p for interaction = 0.004). Conclusion: In this community-based population, higher plasma galectin-3 levels were associated with elevated risk of developing incident chronic kidney disease, particularly among those with hypertension.

scholarly journals History of kidney stones and risk of chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng Shang ◽  
Lixi Li ◽  
Yali Ren ◽  
Qiangqiang Ge ◽  
Ming Ku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
History Of

Background Although the relationship between a history of kidney stones and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been explored in many studies, it is still far from being well understood. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing rates of CKD in patients with a history of kidney stones. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and the reference lists of relevant articles were searched to identify observational studies related to the topic. A random-effects model was used to combine the study-specific risk estimates. We explored the potential heterogeneity by subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses. Results Seven studies were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results suggested that a history of kidney stones was associated with an increased adjusted risk estimate for CKD [risk ratio (RR), 1.47 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.23–1.76])], with significant heterogeneity among these studies (I2 = 93.6%, P < 0.001). The observed positive association was observed in most of the subgroup analyses, whereas the association was not significant among studies from Asian countries, the mean age ≥50 years and male patients. Conclusion A history of kidney stones is associated with increased risk of CKD. Future investigations are encouraged to reveal the underlying mechanisms in the connection between kidney stones and CKD, which may point the way to more effective preventive and therapeutic measures.

scholarly journals 3539 Relationship between dental fluorosis, water and serum levels of fluoride and chronic kidney disease in children: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
Magda Shaheen ◽  
Erfun Sadeghi ◽  
Senait Teklehaimanot
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Fluoride Level ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Water Fluoride

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The aim of the study is to examine the relation between dental fluorosis, serum and water levels of fluoride and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) among children. A link between dental fluorosis, fluoride level and CKD can be an indicator of the blind danger of fluoride toxicity that poses a great threat to the human health. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Dental fluorosis, serum and water levels of fluoride and CKD were examined in children 6-19 years old, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey1999-2012 and 2013-2016. We used multiple logistic regression to adjust for the confounders (demographics, insurance, dental visit, and co-morbidity) to assess the relation between dental fluorosis, serum and water levels of fluoride and CKD. STATA 14.0 was used to analyze the data (sample design and weight). P < 0.05 is statistically significant. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The prevalence of CKD was 13.9% and dental fluorosis was 34.3%. In the multivariate model, plasma fluoride level was independently associated with CKD (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.68, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.06-2.68, p = 0.029) but not with dental fluorosis (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.87-2.2, p = 0.17) or water fluoride level (AOR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.59-1.396, p = 0.659). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Results indicated that serum fluoride level is independently associated with CKD but dental fluorosis and water fluoride level were not related to CKD. Increase awareness and screening for fluorosis in children are needed for early detection and prevention of organ damage. Prospective studies related to fluorosis and tissue damage are needed.

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