scholarly journals Suppression of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice by Radon Inhalation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Nishiyama ◽  
Takahiro Kataoka ◽  
Keiko Yamato ◽  
Takehito Taguchi ◽  
Kiyonori Yamaoka
Keyword(s):  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Activated Neutrophils ◽  
Radon Inhalation ◽  
Activity Index Score

The enhanced release of reactive oxygen species from activated neutrophils plays important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. We previously reported that radon inhalation activates antioxidative functions in various organs of mice. In this study, we examined the protective effects of radon inhalation on dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS) induced colitis in mice which were subjected to DSS for 7 days. Mice were continuously treated with air only (sham) or radon at a concentration of 2000 Bq/m3from a day before DSS administration to the end of colitis induction. In the results, radon inhalation suppressed the elevation of the disease activity index score and histological damage score induced by DSS. Based on the changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha in plasma and myeloperoxidase activity in the colon, it was shown that radon inhalation suppressed DSS-induced colonic inflammation. Moreover, radon inhalation suppressed lipid peroxidation of the colon induced by DSS. The antioxidant level (superoxide dismutase and total glutathione) in the colon after DSS administration was significantly higher in mice treated with radon than with the sham. These results suggested that radon inhalation suppressed DSS-induced colitis through the enhancement of antioxidative functions in the colon.

Protective mechanisms of 6-gingerol in dextran sulfate sodium-induced chronic ulcerative colitis in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1054-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
BO Ajayi ◽  
IA Adedara ◽  
EO Farombi
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing and remitting inflammatory disease of the colon, with an increasing incidence worldwide. 6-Gingerol (6G) is a bioactive constituent of Zingiber officinale, which has been reported to possess various biological activities. This study was designed to evaluate the role of 6G in chronic UC. Chronic UC was induced in mice by three cycles of 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water. Each cycle consisted of 7 days of 2.5% DSS followed by 14 days of normal drinking water. 6G (100 mg/kg) and a reference anti-colitis drug sulfasalazine (SZ) (100 mg/kg) were orally administered daily to the mice throughout exposure to three cycles of 2.5% DSS. Administration of 6G and SZ significantly prevented disease activity index and aberrant crypt foci formation in DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, 6G and SZ suppresses immunoexpression of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase, Regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the DSS-treated mice. 6G effectively protected against colonic oxidative damage by augmenting the antioxidant status with marked decrease in lipid peroxidation levels in DSS-treated mice. Moreover, 6G significantly inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (P65), p38, cyclooxygenase-2, and β-catenin whereas it enhanced IL-10 and adenomatous polyposis coli expression in DSS-treated mice. In conclusion, 6G prevented DSS-induced chronic UC via anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms and preservation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Preventive Effects of Pyungwi-san against Dextran Sulfate Sodium- and Clostridium difficile-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Yang ◽  
Shambhunath Bose ◽  
Soo-Kyoung Lim ◽  
Hojun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Abundance Ratio ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Several lines of evidence indicate that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with Clostridium difficile (CD) infection as a consequence of gut dysbiosis. Currently available treatments of IBD are either not very effective or have adverse effects. Pyungwi-san (PWS), a traditional Chinese herbal formulation, has long been used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of PWS against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) + CD-induced IBD in mice. The animals received DSS in drinking water for seven days to produce DSS-induced acute colitis. In the DSS + CD group, the DSS-fed animals were orally administered with CD spores twice during the DSS treatment period. We observed that exposure of DSS + CD-treated animals to PWS significantly decreased the disease activity index; prevented the shortening of colonic length and increases in spleen size and weight; restored colonic histological parameters by significantly increasing mucus thickness, crypt depth, and goblet cell numbers; protected the tight junction proteins; improved the profiles of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines; and normalized the abundance ratio of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in the gut. Thus, PWS exerted a number of protective effects on DSS + CD-induced colitis, which might be mediated via restoration of a balance in gut microbial communities.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Heritiera littoralis Fruits on Dextran Sulfate Sodium- (DSS-) Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Suppressing NF-κB Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Guosheng Lin ◽  
Minyao Li ◽  
Nan Xu ◽  
Xiaoli Wu ◽  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Esi Ms

Aim of the Study. This study is aimed at exploring the effects and pharmacological mechanisms of the extracts from the Heritiera littoralis fruit (EFH) on dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Materials and Methods. The chemical compositions of EFH were identified using LC-ESI-MS. The mice with 3% DSS-induced UC were administered EFH (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg), sulfasalazine (SASP, 200 mg/kg), and azathioprine (AZA, 13 mg/kg) for 10 days via daily gavage. The colonic inflammation was evaluated by the disease activity index (DAI), colonic length, histological scores, and levels of inflammatory mediators. The gut microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis. Results. LC-ESI-MS analysis showed that EFH was rich in alkaloids and flavones. The results indicated that EFH significantly improved the DAI score, relieved colon shortening, and repaired pathological colonic variations in colitis. In addition, proteins in the NF-κB pathway were significantly inhibited by EFH. Furthermore, EFH recovered the diversity and balance of the gut microbiota. Conclusions. EFH has protective effects against DSS-induced colitis by keeping the balance of the gut microbiota and suppressing the NF-κB pathway.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effect of Shikonin on Experimental Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium in Balb/C Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Andújar ◽  
José Luis Ríos ◽  
Rosa María Giner ◽  
José Miguel Cerdá ◽  
María del Carmen Recio
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Activity Index Score ◽  
Bloody Stools ◽  
Dose Dependent

The naphthoquinone shikonin, a major component of the root ofLithospermum erythrorhizon, now is studied as an anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Acute UC was induced in Balb/C mice by oral administration of 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The disease activity index was evaluated, and a histologic study was carried out. Orally administered shikonin reduces induced UC in a dose-dependent manner, preventing the shortening of the colorectum and decreasing weight loss by 5% while improving the appearance of feces and preventing bloody stools. The disease activity index score was much lower in shikonin-treated mice than in the colitic group, as well as the myeloperoxidase activity. The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 was reduced by 75%, activation of NF-κB was reduced by 44%, and that of pSTAT-3 by 47%, as well as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production. Similar results were obtained in primary macrophages culture. This is the first report of shikonin’s ability to attenuate acute UC induced by DSS. Shikonin acts by blocking the activation of two major targets: NF-κB and STAT-3, and thus constitutes a promising potential therapeutic agent for the management of the inflammatory bowel disease.

scholarly journals Suppression of Th17 Cell Response in the Alleviation of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wei ◽  
Ran Zhang ◽  
Jingbo Zhai ◽  
Junfeng Zhu ◽  
Fangli Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index

Background. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Dysregulated immune responses are involved in the pathogenesis of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic potential of GLP to alleviate DSS-induced colitis. Methods. The mice were administered with GLP by intragastric gavage daily for two weeks prior to the DSS treatment. Mice were orally administered with 2.5% DSS dissolved in drinking water with GLP or water treatment for 6 days. The mice were killed on day 7 after induction of colitis. Survival rates, body weight loss, colon lengths, histological changes, and disease activity index scores (DAI) were evaluated. Results. GLP significantly improved survival rates, colon length shortening, body weight loss, histopathological score, and DAI scores in mice with DSS-induced colitis. GLP markedly suppressed the secretions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-4 and significantly affected populations of Th17 cells, B cells, NK cells, and NKT cells in the lamina propria lymphocytes. Conclusions. GLP prevented inflammation, maintained intestinal homeostasis, and regulated the intestinal immunological barrier functions in mice with DSS-induced colitis.

scholarly journals APicrorhiza kurroaDerivative, Picroliv, Attenuates the Development of Dextran-Sulfate-Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Kui Zhang ◽  
Jian-Jie Yu ◽  
Yu-Min Li ◽  
Li-Na Wei ◽  
Yi Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Histological Score ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Histology Score

Background. Free radicals and proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Picroliv, aPicrorhiza kurroaderivative, has been demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of picroliv on experimental model of UC in mice.Materials and Methods. Picroliv was administrated orally by gavage to mice with colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and histology score were observed. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and SOD, MDA concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while the expression of cytokine mRNAs was studied by real-time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and also ELISA. The expression of NF-κB p65 was observed by immunohistochemistry staining and western blotting.Results. A significant improvement was observed in DAI and histological score in mice treated with picroliv, and incerased MPO activity, MDA concentrations, and the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and NF-κB p65 in mice with DSS-induced colitis were significantly reduced while decreased SOD level increased following administration of picroliv.Conclusion. The administration of picroliv leads to an amelioration of DSS-induced colitis, suggesting administration of picroliv may provide a therapeutic approach for UC.

scholarly journals The effect of selected Lactobacillus strains on dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse colitis model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Hasannejad-Bibalan ◽  
Ali Mojtahedi ◽  
Morteza Eshaghi ◽  
Mahdi Rohani ◽  
Mohammad Reza Pourshafie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Colitis Model

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises two major illnesses: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse colitis model has been used in understanding the mechanism of IBD. This study was conducted to examine selected Lactobacillus spp. as potential IBD treatment in the DSS-induced animal model. Balb/c mice were used and colitis was induced by adding 5% dextran sodium sulfate into the drinking water for 8 days. Colon length, disease activity index (DAI) and histological analysis were measured as markers of inflammation in DSS colitis mice. The majority of the Lactobacillus species significantly prevented the shortening of the colon length compared with the DSS group. The DAI scores of mice were significantly reduced following usage of four Lactobacillus strains included: Lactobacillus plantarum 03 and 06, Lactobacillus brevis 02 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus 01. The histological analysis exhibited that oral administration of Lactobacillus strains had therapeutic effects on mice colitis. L. plantarum and L. brevis showed better therapeutic effect against DSS-induced acute colitis mice. The probiotic activities of these three isolates indicated that the probiotic effects were strain specific and none of these useful bacteria could exhibit all of the valued probiotic properties simultaneously.

scholarly journals The Potential of Vitamin D3 to Repaired Mucosal Injury in Dextran Sulfate Sodium Induced Acute Colitis in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 931-936
Author(s):  
Satrio Wibowo ◽  
Krisni Subandiyah ◽  
Kusworini Handono ◽  
Sri Poeranto
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Mucosal Repair

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) has become an emerging disease worldwide. The treatment of IBD involves two basic principles: Inflammation control and mucosal repair. AIM: This study evaluates the potential effect of Vitamin D3 in mucosal repair through colon stem cell activation and proliferation. METHODS: Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS; 5%) was used to induce colitis in mice. Vitamin D3 at various dosages was then administered as a treatment. The mice were divided into five groups: Control (C-); DSS only (C+); and DSS (5%) plus Vitamin D3 at 0.2 μg (VD1), 0.4 μg (VD2), or 0.6 μg (VD3) per 25 g body weight as the treatment groups. Immunofluorescence analyses of Lgr5+ expression indicated stem cell activation, and Ki67 expression indicated stem cell proliferation. The disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and histopathological index scores were determined after treatment to assess the inflammation and severity of colitis. RESULTS: Immunofluorescence analyses showed a gradually increasing expression of Lgr5+ also Ki67 in proportion with high doses group of Vitamin D3 (p < 0.05). The colon length, DAI scores, and histopathological index scores improved in all groups after Vitamin D3 treatment (p = 0.05; p = 0.026; and p = 0.029, respectively). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D3 has a potential beneficial effect on amplifying intestinal stem cells regulated by Wnt/B-catenin signaling. It is also reduced the inflammatory process proved by the evaluation severity of colitis. It might play an essential role in mucosal repair in IBD.

scholarly journals Natural naphthoquinones isolated from Lithospermum erythrorhizon suppress dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxue Sun ◽  
Hongwei Han ◽  
Zhaoyue Wang ◽  
Zhongling Wen ◽  
Minkai Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Docking Simulation ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the effects of natural shikonin and its derivatives on mice experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium, and to investigate the underlying mechanisms in vivo. Our results suggested that, intragastric administration of single compound like shikonin and its derivatives contributed to attenuating symptoms of malignant induced by DSS. Meanwhile, shikonin or its derivatives could also remarkably reduce the disease activity index and histopathological scores, suppress the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (including IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α), while increase that of inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in serum. Additionally, both shikonin and alkanin were found to restrain the levels of COX-2, MPO and iNOS in serum and colonic tissues. Moreover, western blotting results demonstrated that shikonin and its derivatives could inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the NF-κB signaling pathway, relieve the DSS-induced disruption of colonic epithelial tight junction (TJ) in colonic tissues. Further, docking simulation had been performed to prove that shikonin and its derivatives could bind to the active sites of NLRP3 inflammasome and the NF-κB to generate an effective inflammatory effect. Taken together, our experimental data can provide some evidence for the potential use of shikonin and its derivatives to treat the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Clinical and Structural Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Herbal Preparation, Iberogast, in a Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Mashtoub ◽  
Bang V. Hoang ◽  
Megan Vu ◽  
Kerry A. Lymn ◽  
Christine Feinle-Bisset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder

Plant-sourced formulations such as Iberogast and the traditional Chinese medicine formulation, Cmed, purportedly possess anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging properties. We investigated Iberogast and Cmed, independently, for their potential to decrease the severity of the large bowel inflammatory disorder, ulcerative colitis. Sprague Dawley rats (n = 8/group) received daily 1 mL gavages (days 0-13) of water, Iberogast (100 μL/200 μL), or Cmed (10 mg/20 mg). Rats ingested 2% dextran sulfate sodium or water ad libitum for 7 days commencing on day 5. Dextran sulfate sodium administration increased disease activity index scores from days 6 to 12, compared with water controls ( P < .05). On day 10, 200 μL Iberogast decreased disease activity index scores in colitic rats compared with colitic controls ( P < .05). Neither Iberogast nor Cmed achieved statistical significance for daily metabolic parameters or colonic crypt depth. The therapeutic effects of Iberogast and Cmed were minimal in the colitis setting. Further studies of plant extracts are required investigating greater concentrations and alternative delivery systems.

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