scholarly journals Preventive Effects of Pyungwi-san against Dextran Sulfate Sodium- and Clostridium difficile-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Yang ◽  
Shambhunath Bose ◽  
Soo-Kyoung Lim ◽  
Hojun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Abundance Ratio ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Several lines of evidence indicate that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with Clostridium difficile (CD) infection as a consequence of gut dysbiosis. Currently available treatments of IBD are either not very effective or have adverse effects. Pyungwi-san (PWS), a traditional Chinese herbal formulation, has long been used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of PWS against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) + CD-induced IBD in mice. The animals received DSS in drinking water for seven days to produce DSS-induced acute colitis. In the DSS + CD group, the DSS-fed animals were orally administered with CD spores twice during the DSS treatment period. We observed that exposure of DSS + CD-treated animals to PWS significantly decreased the disease activity index; prevented the shortening of colonic length and increases in spleen size and weight; restored colonic histological parameters by significantly increasing mucus thickness, crypt depth, and goblet cell numbers; protected the tight junction proteins; improved the profiles of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines; and normalized the abundance ratio of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in the gut. Thus, PWS exerted a number of protective effects on DSS + CD-induced colitis, which might be mediated via restoration of a balance in gut microbial communities.

The role of the complement and contact systems in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model: the effect of C1 inhibitor in inflammatory bowel disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (6) ◽  
pp. G878-G883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengxin Lu ◽  
Stacey M. Fernandes ◽  
Alvin E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
C1 Inhibitor ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The complement and contact systems may be involved in the pathophysiological process of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). C1 inhibitor (C1INH) is the most important inhibitor of both the complement and contact systems. We evaluated the role of these systems and the effect of both active and inactive forms of C1INH (iC1INH) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Three percent DSS was used in drinking water to induce colitis in complement C3-deficient (C3−/−) mice, bradykinin type 2 receptor deficient (Bk2R−/−) mice, and C57BL/6 mice. After ten days DSS exposure, C3−/− mice exhibited markedly less weight loss than wild-type (WT) mice (12 ± 3.3% vs. 30 ± 1.2%, P < 0.05) and developed a milder disease-activity index (DAI), histological score, colon shortening, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) elevation ( P < 0.05, respectively). The Bk2R−/− mice were not protected from the disease. Seven-day treatment with either native C1INH or iC1INH reduced the severity of the disease in WT mice, as indicated by decreased weight loss (15 ± 1.8%, 14 ± 2.1% vs. 30 ± 1.2%, P < 0.05, respectively), DAI, intestinal tissue damage, and MPO elevation compared with untreated WT DSS control mice ( P < 0.05, respectively). These findings suggest that complement plays a role in the development of DSS-induced colitis and that blockade of the complement system might be useful for the acute phase of IBD treatment. C1INH, however, leads to an amelioration of DSS-induced colitis via a mechanism that does not involve the inhibition of complement or contact system activation but does result in significant suppression of leukocyte infiltration.

Protective effects of l-theanine on rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammatory bowel disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 821-862
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Wen-jun Xiao ◽  
Qiong-xian Yan ◽  
Zhi-hua Gong ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Sucralose enhances the susceptibility of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis in mice with changes in gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengru Guo ◽  
Xinran Liu ◽  
Yiwei Tan ◽  
Fangyuan Kang ◽  
Xinghua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Artificial Sweeteners ◽  
Epidemiological Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Sucralose is one of the most widely used artificial sweeteners, free of nutrients and calories. It’s approval and uses correlate many of the worldwide epidemiological changes of inflammatory bowel disease...

Validation of the “German Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (GIBDI)”: An Instrument for Patient-Based Disease Activity Assessment in Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1267-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Hüppe ◽  
Jana Langbrandtner ◽  
Winfried Häuser ◽  
Heiner Raspe ◽  
Bernd Bokemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Activity Indices

Abstract Introduction Assessment of disease activity in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is usually based on the physician’s evaluation of clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and biomarker analysis. The German Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index for CD (GIBDICD) and UC (GIBDIUC) uses data from patient-reported questionnaires. It is unclear to what extent the GIBDI agrees with the physicians’ documented activity indices. Methods Data from 2 studies were reanalyzed. In both, gastroenterologists had documented disease activity in UC with the partial Mayo Score (pMS) and in CD with the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI). Patient-completed GIBDI questionnaires had also been assessed. The analysis sample consisted of 151 UC and 150 CD patients. Kappa coefficients were determined as agreement measurements. Results Rank correlations were 0.56 (pMS, GIBDIUC) and 0.57 (HBI, GIBDICD), with p < 0.001. The absolute agreement for 2 categories of disease activity (remission yes/no) was 74.2 % (UC) and 76.6 % (CD), and for 4 categories (none/mild/moderate/severe) 60.3 % (UC) and 61.9 % (CD). The kappa values ranged between 0.47 for UC (2 categories) and 0.58 for CD (4 categories). Discussion There is satisfactory agreement of GIBDI with the physician-documented disease activity indices. GIBDI can be used in health care research without access to assessments of medical practitioners. In clinical practice, the index offers a supplementary source of information.

scholarly journals Predictive value of fibrinogen in identifying inflammatory bowel disease in active stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Fu Chen ◽  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Zhi-Ming Huang ◽  
Xie-Lin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Mayo Score ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background We aimed to externally validate for the first time the diagnostic ability of fibrinogen to identify active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods The research totally involved 788 patients with IBD, consisted of 245 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 543 Crohn’ s disease (CD). The Mayo score and Crohn disease activity index (CDAI) assessed disease activity of UC and CD respectively. The independent association between fibrinogen and disease activity of patients with UC or CD was investigated by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) assessed the performance of various biomarkers in discriminating disease states. Results The fibrinogen levels in active patients with IBD significantly increased compared with those in remission stage (P < 0.001). Fibrinogen was an independent predictor to distinguish disease activity of UC (odds ratio: 2.247, 95% confidence interval: 1.428–3.537, P < 0.001) and CD (odds ratio: 2.124, 95% confidence interval: 1.433–3.148, P < 0.001). Fibrinogen was positively correlated with the Mayo score (r = 0.529, P < 0.001) and CDAI (r = 0.625, P < 0.001). Fibrinogen had a high discriminative capacity for both active UC (AUROC: 0.806, 95% confidence interval: 0.751–0.861) and CD (AUROC: 0.869, 95% confidence interval: 0.839–0.899). The optimum cut-off values of fibrinogen 3.22 was 70% sensitive and 77% specific for active UC, and 3.87 was 77% sensitive and 81% specific for active CD respectively. Conclusions Fibrinogen is a convenient and practical biomarker to identify active IBD.

Comparison of Oral Prednisolone, Budesonide and Probiotics in the Treatment of Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sandhya Bhavani ◽  
S. Kavitha ◽  
B. Gowri ◽  
Abid Ali Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Oral Prednisolone ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Faecal Score

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the common cause of chronic gastrointestinal signs in dogs. The treatment possesses numerous difficulties due to the idiopathic nature of the disease. Conventional steroid therapy usually produces side effects on long term usage. Thus, there is a need for alternative therapies. When compared to human medicine, there is no published data on the use of budesonide and probiotic in the treatment of canine IBD in India. The present study was proposed to compare oral prednisolone, budesonide and probiotics in the management of canine inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: Thirty dogs with idiopathic IBD were selected and randomly grouped. They were subjected to therapy involving prednisolone, budesonide or probiotics. Clinical assessment was performed by calculation of the post treatment Clinical Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (CIBDAI) score, faecal score and endoscopy. Biochemical analysis of alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase were done to record side effects of steroid administration. Result: It was observed from the present study that both prednisolone and budesonide are equally effective in the management of IBD in dogs. Probiotics were found to be less effective when compared to prednisolone and budesonide in the treatment of IBD.

scholarly journals Fluticasone Propionate in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 417-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Carpani de Kaski ◽  
Humphery JF Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Although effective for both acute and often long term treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, systemically absorbed corticosteroids have a high incidence of side effects. This article briefly reviews the pharmacokinetics of corticosteroids and the strategics available for reducing systemic side effects. In particular, fluitcasone propionate is a fluorinated glucocorticoid, in which systemic side effects are absent or minimal due to its relatively low absorption and rapid first pass metabolism In an open trial in 12 patients with mild and moderately active Crohn's disease, administration of 20 mg fluitcasone propionate orally was associated with a significant fall in the Crohn's disease activity index and improvement in other parameters of inflammation, without change in either plasma cortisol levels or responsiveness to adrenocorticotropic hormone, suggesting that this drug is a promising therapy for Crohn's disease meriting evaluation against conventional corticosteroids.

scholarly journals Dextran sulfate sodium mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease evaluated for systemic genotoxicity via blood micronucleus and Pig-a gene mutation assays

Mutagenesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Christopher Kirby ◽  
Ayesha Baig ◽  
Svetlana L Avlasevich ◽  
Dorothea K Torous ◽  
Shuchang Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Blood Specimens

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an important risk factor for gastrointestinal cancers. Inflammation and other carcinogenesis-related effects at distal, tissue-specific sites require further study. In order to better understand if systemic genotoxicity is associated with IBD, we exposed mice to dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) and measured the incidence of micronucleated cells (MN) and Pig-a mutant phenotype cells in blood erythrocyte populations. In one study, 8-week-old male CD-1 mice were exposed to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4% w/v DSS in drinking water. The 4-week in-life period was divided into four 1-week intervals—alternately on then off DSS treatment. Low volume blood samples were collected for MN analysis at the end of each week, and cardiac blood samples were collected at the end of the 4-week period for Pig-a analyses. The two highest doses of DSS were observed to induce significant increases in reticulocyte frequencies. Even so, no statistically significant treatment-related effects on the genotoxicity biomarkers were evident. While one high-dose mouse showed modestly elevated MN frequencies during the DSS treatment cycles, it also exhibited exceptionally high reticulocyte frequencies (e.g. 18.7% at the end of the second DSS cycle). In a second study, mice were treated with 0 or 4% DSS for 9–18 consecutive days. Exposure was continued until rectal bleeding or morbidity was evident, at which point the treatment was terminated and blood was collected for MN analysis. The Pig-a assay was conducted on samples collected 29 days after the start of treatment. The initial blood specimens showed highly elevated reticulocyte frequencies in DSS-exposed mice (mean ± SEM = 1.75 ± 0.10% vs. 13.04 ± 3.66% for 0 vs. 4% mice, respectively). Statistical analyses showed no treatment-related effect on MN or Pig-a mutant frequencies. Even so, the incidence of MN versus reticulocytes in the DSS-exposed mice were positively correlated (linear fit R2 = 0.657, P = 0.0044). Collectively, these results suggest that in the case of the DSS CD-1 mouse model, systemic effects include stress erythropoiesis but not remarkable genotoxicity. To the extent MN may have been slightly elevated in a minority of individual mice, these effects appear to be secondary, likely attributable to stimulated erythropoiesis.

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