scholarly journals Comparison Study of Metabolic Syndrome's Differences and Diagnostic Criteria's Applicability among Xingjiang Uighur, Kazak and Han Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Jiang ◽  
Zijing Xie
Keyword(s):  
National Cholesterol Education Program ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Han Population ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolism Syndrome ◽  
Better Than

Our paper is a study about metabolism syndrome (MS) incidence situations of different nationalities, including Uighur, Kazak and Han nationality in Xinjiang by means of a cross-sectional survey and compare differences and adaptabilities of applications of the diagnostic criteria for MS recommended by Adult Treatment Protocol III of National Cholesterol Education Program of America (ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) in three groups of populations. Conclusion tell us, for Uighur population and Kazak population, IDF criterion and ATPIII criterion had a better consistence, and CDS criterion was worst. For Han population, CDS criterion and IDF criterion had a better consistence, and ATPIII criterion was worst. For the screening of MS incidence rate of Uighur and Kazak adult populations in Xinjiang region, ATPIII criterion was optimal, while CDS criterion was optimal for Han population. However, as for screening of clustering of multiple risk factors of MS, IDF criterion was better than other criteria for the three nationalities.

State of Watermain Infrastructure: A Canadian Case Study using Historic Pipe Break Datasets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Snider ◽  
Edward McBean
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Pipe Break ◽  
Pipe Replacement ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Rate Threshold

Over the last two decades, a variety of reports have suggested that watermains in Canada are deteriorating, and break rates are increasing. However, these reports are often limited as the years of break records being utilized are brief; this paper revisits those assessments using over forty-five years of break records and shows that three of the five utilities investigated are experiencing significant decreases in break rates over the past 10 years while the two other utilities are maintaining consistent break rates. These results indicate that these utilities are effectively managing their watermain infrastructure, and suggest watermain infrastructure throughout Canada may be performing better than suggested by cross-sectional survey results. Analyses indicate that on average, 22% of the watermains analysed have exceeded the 0.125 brk/km/yr break rate threshold and may be considered for pipe replacement / rehabilitation. In particular 50% of cast iron pipes installed post-WWII have exceeded a break rate threshold of 0.125 brks/km/yr, suggesting large pipe replacement/rehabilitation of this pipe cohort is required.

scholarly journals The Increasing Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Finnish Men and Women over a Decade

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 832-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Hu ◽  
Jaana Lindström ◽  
Pekka Jousilahti ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
Lena Sjöberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
National Cholesterol Education Program ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract Objective: Our objective was to assess a 10-yr change in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) among Finnish men and women. Design and Subjects: Two cross-sectional population surveys were performed in Finland in 1992 and 2002. A total of 3495 participants aged 45–64 yr were included in the analysis. Results: In both years the metabolic syndrome was more common among men than women. In men the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome tended to increase slightly between 1992 and 2002, from 48.8–52.6% (P = 0.139) based on the NCEP definition, and from 51.4–55.6% based on the IDF definition (P = 0.102). In women the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increased significantly from 32.2–39.1% based on the NCEP definition (P = 0.003), and from 38.0–45.3% based on the IDF definition (P = 0.002). In both sexes the prevalence of high blood pressure decreased, but the abnormalities in glucose metabolism increased between 1992 and 2002. The prevalence of central obesity increased in women between 1992 and 2002. Conclusions: In Finland the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, based both on the NCEP and IDF definitions, is higher in men than women. However, the increase in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, from 1992–2002, was significant only among women.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Critical Care Simulations: An International Cross-sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad-Hani Temsah ◽  
Abdulkarim Alrabiaah ◽  
Ayman Al-Eyadhy ◽  
Fahad Al-Sohime ◽  
Abdullah Al Huzaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Team Leaders ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Transport ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background: Many healthcare systems initiated rapid training with COVID-19 simulations for their healthcare workers (HCWs) to build surge capacity and optimize infection control measures. This study aimed to describe COVID-19 simulation drills in international healthcare centers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey among simulation team leaders and HCWs, based on each center's debriefing reports from simulation centers from 30 countries in all WHO regions where COVID-19 simulation drills were conducted. The primary outcome measures were the COVID-19 simulations' characteristics, outcomes, facilitators, obstacles, and challenges encountered during the simulation sessions. Results: Invitation was sent to 500 simulation team leaders and HCWs, and 343 responded. Those who completed the study comprised 121 participants: 62.8% females; 56.2% physicians; 41.3% from East Mediterranean (EMRO) countries; 25.6% from Southeast Asian countries (SERO); and 12.4% from Europe. The frequency of simulation sessions was monthly (27.1%), weekly (24.8%), twice weekly (19.8%), or daily (21.5%). Among participants, 55.6% reported the team's full engagement in the simulation sessions. The average session length was 30–60 minutes. The most commonly reported debriefing leaders were ICU staff, simulation lab staff, and E.R. facilitators, and the least common were infection control staff. A total of 80% reported "a lot" to "a great improvement" in terms of clinical preparedness after simulation sessions, and 70% were satisfied with the COVID-19 simulation sessions and thought they were better than expected. Most of the perceived issues reported were related to infection control measures, followed by team dynamics, logistics, and patient transport issues. Conclusion: Simulation centers team leaders and HCWs reported positive feedback on COVID-19 simulation sessions. The presence of multiprofessional personnel during drills is warranted. These drills are a valuable tool for rehearsing safe dynamics of HCWs on the frontline of COVID-19.Trial registration: Not applicable.

scholarly journals Determinants of quality in home-based management of malaria by community health volunteers in rural Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 897-903
Author(s):  
Enock Oburi Marita ◽  
Richard Gichuki ◽  
Elda Watulo ◽  
Sylla Thiam ◽  
Sarah Karanja
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Health Volunteers ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Kenya adopted the World Health Organization’s recommendation of community case management of malaria (CCMM) in 2012. Trained community health volunteers (CHVs) provide CCMM but information on quality of services is limited. This study aimed to establish determinants of quality of service of CCMM conducted by CHVs. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2016 in Bungoma County, Kenya. Data were collected through observing CHVs perform routine CCMM and through interviews of CHVs using structured questionnaires. A ≥ 75% score was considered as quality provision. Descriptive statistics were performed to describe basic characteristics of the study, followed by Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression to examine the differences and associations between the categorical variables. Results: A total of 147 CHVs participated; 62% of CHVs offered quality services. There was a direct association between quality of services and stock-outs of artemether-lumefantrine (AL), stock-outs of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and support supervision. CHVs who were supervised during the year preceding the assessment were four times more likely to perform better than those not supervised (uOR 4.2, 95% CI: 1.38-12.85). CHVs with reliable supplies of AL and RDT kits performed three times better than those who experienced stock outs (uOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.03-10.03 and 3.3, 95% CI: 1.63-6.59 respectively). Biosafety and documentation were the most poorly performed. Conclusions: The majority of CHVs offered quality CCMM services despite safety gaps. Safety, continuous supplies of RDT, AL and supervision are essential for quality performance by CHV in delivering CCMM.

scholarly journals Adequacy of preventive measures, awareness, and attitude regarding the COVID-19 pandemic among university pharmacy students

2021 ◽  
pp. 283-289
Author(s):  
Saba Tariq ◽  
Sundus Tariq ◽  
Mukhtiar Baig ◽  
Saadia Shahzad Alam
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Private University ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: The aim was to investigate the adequacy of preventive measures, awareness, and attitudes of pharmacy university students in the Punjab province, Pakistan, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was designed at a private university in Faisalabad, Pakistan. The questionnaire was developed on Google forms and distributed to students of five universities in the Punjab province via WhatsApp groups. Results: The comparison of COVID-19 knowledge for specific questions showed that non-pharmacy students (NPS) had significantly better knowledge about the source of the virus (p<0.001), while pharmacy students (PS) had better knowledge regarding COVID-19 treatment (p=0.01). The PS’s perception of the dangerousness and risk of contracting COVID-19 infection was better than NPS’s perception (p=0.026; p=0.019, respectively). The regression analysis revealed that the knowledge score was negatively associated with the female gender, and females were less likely to have a positive attitude. Conclusion: The authors’ results suggest that PS had good knowledge, positive attitude, and preparedness towards COVID-19. However, there are still misconceptions and confusion about the disease.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and practices towards COVID-19 among ayurvedic practitioners of Karnataka, India: a cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4056
Author(s):  
Rufia Shaistha Khanum ◽  
Amoghashree . ◽  
D. Sunil Kumar ◽  
Satendra Kumar Verma ◽  
Chandan N. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: COVID-19 is a highly infectious disease which was first identified in Wuhan, China and was subsequently declared as pandemic by WHO. As it is rapidly spreading and taken lives of millions, various countries have adopted unprecedented measures and treatment modalities. Since India has historical roots of Ayurveda, Ayurvedic system of medicine was consider to boost the immunity and also to prevent the infection. Hence the knowledge, attitude and practice of an Ayurvedic practitioner plays a major role in health system, which further helps to know the preparedness among them. With this context this study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude and practice among them towards COVID-19.Methods: Online cross sectional study was done among Ayurvedic practitioners of Karnataka. Google form was sent through social media to collect data and analysed using SPSS 25.Results: The mean age among the participants was 30.5±9.1 years. Majority were females (54.3%), and 59.1% are currently practicing Ayurveda. Mean knowledge score was 10.5±1.9, thus 86.6% of the participants had good knowledge. 70.1% agreed for the fact that Ayurveda should be considered as a mainstream medicine whereas 88.2% were in opinion that Ayurveda should be considered as complementary therapy along with conventional treatment. Statistical association was seen between education and knowledge.Conclusions: Good knowledge towards COVID-19 was seen among 86.6% and majority of them want Ayurveda to be considered as complementary medicine but before that evidence based treatment protocol needs to be developed to support claims regarding treatment/prevention of COVID-19.

Diagnosed and Nondisclosed Sport-Related Concussion: An Exploratory Comparison Study by ADHD Status in Collegiate Athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110154
Author(s):  
Erica Beidler ◽  
Ara J Schmitt ◽  
Michael Matta ◽  
Cassondra Griger
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussive Injuries

Objective: To determine if ADHD status in collegiate athletes was associated with differences in the number of diagnosed and nondisclosed sport-related concussions, and reasons why suspected concussive injuries were not reported. Method: A cross-sectional survey was completed by 858 collegiate athletes (65 with ADHD; 793 without ADHD). The survey included self-report items regarding ADHD status and histories of diagnosed and nondisclosed sport-related concussions. Groups were matched for gender, age, and sport with a ratio of one participant with ADHD to four without ADHD. Results: Collegiate athletes with ADHD reported significantly more diagnosed sport-related concussions and were more likely to have a history of diagnosis compared to those without ADHD. There were no significant differences between groups regarding sport-related concussion nondisclosure history. Conclusion: Collegiate athletes with ADHD have an increased prevalence rate of diagnosed sport-related concussions compared to those without ADHD; however, this developmental disorder may not influence injury nondisclosure decisions.

scholarly journals The knowledge needs for Canadian paediatric emergency physicians in the diagnosis and management of tropical diseases: A national physician survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Mengyan Wan ◽  
Quynh Doan ◽  
Niranjan Kissoon
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Discharge Instructions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Paediatric Emergency ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Objectives To assess the knowledge gaps and need for continuing medical education (CME) resources for Canadian paediatric emergency department (PED) physician management of common tropical diseases. Methods A cross-sectional survey study of Canadian PED was performed from May to July 2017 using the Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) database. Results The response rate was 56.4% (133/236). The mean performance on the case-based vignettes identifying clinical presentation of tropical illnesses ranged from 59.9% to 76.0%, with only 15.8% (n=21) to 31.1% (n=42) of participants scoring maximum points. Those who ‘always’ asked about fever performed better than those who only ‘sometimes’ asked (40.4% versus 23.8%). For management cases, the majority of the participants (59.4% to 89.5%) were able to interpret investigations; however, many were unsure of subsequent actions relating to initial treatment, discharge instructions, and reporting requirements. Many would consult infectious diseases (87.8% to 99.3%). Fifty-three per cent of the participants reported a low comfort level in diagnosing or managing these patients. They rated the importance of CME materials with a median of 50/100, via various modalities such as case studies (71.9%), emphasizing a need for PED-specific content. Conclusion This study identified a knowledge gap in the recognition and management of pediatric tropical diseases by Canadian PED physicians. There is a need for formal CME materials to supplement physician practice.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in adults: a population-based epidemiological survey in Jiangxi province, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
liting wu ◽  
YunFeng SHEN ◽  
Lei HU ◽  
MeiYing Zhang ◽  
XiaoYang LAI
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Menopausal State

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) has abruptly increased in China in the past two decades, gradually representing an important public health threat over the years. Here, we firstly reported the prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in Jiangxi province, China. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was performed in Jiangxi province, China, from April to August 2015. MS was diagnosed by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria, respectively. Factors associated with MS were investigated by multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 2665 residents aged over 18 years were enrolled, and 2580 effectively participated. According to IDF and CDS criteria, age-standardized prevalence of MS were 21.1% and 15.2% in all participants, respectively; prevalence were 19.6% or 17.1% in men, and 22.7% or 13.0% in women, based on these respective criteria. Rural participants had a significantly higher prevalence than urban individuals, so did rural females. Prevalence in males did not differ between rural and urban participants. Factors independently associated with MS were low education level and menopausal state. Conclusions: MS is highly prevalent in adults in Jiangxi province, China. Low education level and menopausal state are independently associated with MS. Keywords: metabolic syndrome, prevalence, associated factors

scholarly journals Attitudes on vaccination among Portuguese travelers and Brazilian migrans: A pilot study in Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Igreja ◽  
Katy Barros ◽  
Rosa Teodosio
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Travel Clinic ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Anti-vaccination movements exist in Europe and it may reduce adherence to international vaccination.Objectives:To evaluate attitudes on vaccination among Portuguese travelers and Brazilian migrants in Portugal.Material and Methods:Between May and June 2019 a cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Travel Clinic of the Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon. A self-administered questionnaire was applied after medical consultation. Travelers were asked about their attitudes to vaccines. An anonymous web-based survey was sent to Brazilian migrants living in Portugal for at least 6 months.Results: 55 Portuguese (P) travelers and 22 Brazilian (B) migrants answered the questionnaire. 47.3% of Portuguese travelers were male; the mean age was 33 years; reason for travel: tourism (43.6%) or business (30.9%). 31.8% of Brazilian migrants were male and the mean age was 44 years; 71.4% were living in Portugal for ≤ 2 years. Attitudes towards vaccines: 64.8% P and 68.2% B prefer to vaccine even when the risk of acquire a disease is low; 64.1% P and 95.5% B consider that the resistance acquired by disease is better than resistance acquired by vaccine; 75.5% P and 77.3% B prefer to vaccine even when diseases are not severe; 5.6% P and 13.6% B don’t take vaccines because they are afraid of side effects.About the reasons to accept a vaccine, travelers/migrants consider very important to trust in the doctor (100% P, 95.4% B), and the excellent protective effect of a vaccine (98.1% P, 90.9% B).Conclusions: Portuguese travelers and Brazilian migrants in Portugal seem to have a favorable attitude towards vaccination, despite the anti-vaccination movements in Europe. They believe that trust in the doctor and excellent protection of the vaccines are reasons to accept it. The quality of traveler's advice may maintain/increase adherence to vaccination. 

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