scholarly journals Determinants of quality in home-based management of malaria by community health volunteers in rural Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 897-903
Author(s):  
Enock Oburi Marita ◽  
Richard Gichuki ◽  
Elda Watulo ◽  
Sylla Thiam ◽  
Sarah Karanja
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Health Volunteers ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Kenya adopted the World Health Organization’s recommendation of community case management of malaria (CCMM) in 2012. Trained community health volunteers (CHVs) provide CCMM but information on quality of services is limited. This study aimed to establish determinants of quality of service of CCMM conducted by CHVs. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2016 in Bungoma County, Kenya. Data were collected through observing CHVs perform routine CCMM and through interviews of CHVs using structured questionnaires. A ≥ 75% score was considered as quality provision. Descriptive statistics were performed to describe basic characteristics of the study, followed by Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression to examine the differences and associations between the categorical variables. Results: A total of 147 CHVs participated; 62% of CHVs offered quality services. There was a direct association between quality of services and stock-outs of artemether-lumefantrine (AL), stock-outs of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and support supervision. CHVs who were supervised during the year preceding the assessment were four times more likely to perform better than those not supervised (uOR 4.2, 95% CI: 1.38-12.85). CHVs with reliable supplies of AL and RDT kits performed three times better than those who experienced stock outs (uOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.03-10.03 and 3.3, 95% CI: 1.63-6.59 respectively). Biosafety and documentation were the most poorly performed. Conclusions: The majority of CHVs offered quality CCMM services despite safety gaps. Safety, continuous supplies of RDT, AL and supervision are essential for quality performance by CHV in delivering CCMM.

scholarly journals Association between Intimate Partner Violence with Quality of Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
NV Roopesh Gopal ◽  
SV Sathish Kumar ◽  
Kiran S Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Early Interventions ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: An intimate relationship is an interpersonal relationship that involves physical or emotional intimacy. Those who are in such a relationship may experience violence from partners which may affect their day-to-day quality of life and thus cause a burden on the family. Aim: To assess the relationship between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) with Quality of life and to provide early interventions. Materials and Methods: Hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry, Kodagu Institute of Medical Sciences (KoIMS) teaching hospital Madikeri, Karnataka. The subjects were recruited by purposive sampling method. A total of 5810 consecutive subjects who visited the psychiatry OPD from March 2017 to June 2019 were assessed and among them, 82 subjects both men and women in the age group of 18 to 60 years were recruited. All of them reported IPV on the Hurt, Insulted, Threatened, and Screamed (HITS) scale and were further assessed for Quality of life using the World Health Organisation Quality of Life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) scale. Descriptive statistics were used for continuous variables. A Nonparametric Chi-square test was applied for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U scores were used for quality of life variables. The correlation was done using Pearson’s correlation. Results: Mean age was 36.04 in years (SD±11.28) having a mean of 7.5 years of schooling (SD±4.5). The majority belonged to the rural background and lower socioeconomic status. Out of 82 subjects, 21 subjects reported IPV score less than 10 (25.60%) and among the rest of the 61 (74.39%) subjects, 80.32% were females and 19.67% were males who had IPV scores of more than 10. The study subjects reported poor and very poor scores in their overall quality of life and very dissatisfied and dissatisfied in their health domain. IPV also correlated with reduced quality of life, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: People that experience IPV has an overall reduced quality of life. Routine clinical assessment needs to be done to provide early interventions.

scholarly journals Availability, Accessibility, and Quality of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) Services in Urban Health Facilities of Rwanda: A survey among social and healthcare providers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pacifique Ndayishimiye ◽  
Rosine Uwase ◽  
Isabelle Kubwimana ◽  
Jean de la Croix Niyonzima ◽  
Roseline Dine Dzekem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Tool

Abstract Background: Adolescents are still getting pregnant and contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in Rwanda as elsewhere. Quality and comprehensive SRH services and information for adolescents is valuable for adolescents’ wellbeing. This study aimed at understanding SRH services providers’ viewpoints on accessibility, availability, and quality of SRH services provided to adolescents in selected cities of Rwanda. Method: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted between May 2018 and May 2019 in six selected cities of Rwanda using a mixed-methods approach. A checklist was used to collect data from 159 conveniently selected SRH services providers. The survey tool was validated. SPSS version 20 was used to describe quantitative data and ATLAS TI version 5.2 was used to code and analyze the qualitative data thematically.Results: Qualitatively, health care providers reported that the availability of adolescent SRHS are satisfactory with access to accurate SRH information, contraceptive methods, prevention and management of STIs and HIV services, and counselling. However, the accessibility of some services remains limited. According to respondents, some products such as female condoms are less in demand and often expire before they can be distributed. One nurse clarified that they render services at a low price if an adolescent has insurance medical coverture. Religious leaders and family members may hinder adolescents from health-seeking behavior by promoting abstinence and discouraging use of protective means. Quantitatively, we found that 94.3% of health facilities provide information to adolescents on SRH services that were available and 51.6% affirmed delivering services at a low cost. Only 57.2% of respondents mentioned that adolescents are involved in designing the feedback mechanisms at their facilities.Conclusion: SRH services in Rwanda are available for the general population and are not specifically designed for adolescents. These SRH services seem to be fairly accessible to adolescents with insufficient quality as adolescents themselves do not get to be fully involved in service provision among other aspects of quality SRH as stated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Therefore, there is a need to improve the present quality of these services to meet adolescents’ needs in an urban setting.

scholarly journals Availability, Accessibility, and Quality of Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) Services in Urban Health Facilities of Rwanda: A survey among social and healthcare providers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pacifique Ndayishimiye ◽  
Rosine Uwase ◽  
Isabelle Kubwimana ◽  
Jean de la Croix Niyonzima ◽  
Roseline Dine Dzekem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Tool

Abstract Background: Adolescents are still getting pregnant and contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in Rwanda as elsewhere. Quality and comprehensive SRH services and information for adolescents is valuable for adolescents’ wellbeing. This study aimed at understanding SRH services providers’ viewpoints on accessibility, availability, and quality of SRH services provided to adolescents in selected cities of Rwanda. Method: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted between May 2018 and May 2019 in six selected cities of Rwanda using a mixed-methods approach. A checklist was used to collect data from 159 conveniently selected SRH services providers. The survey tool was validated. SPSS version 20 was used to describe quantitative data and ATLAS TI version 5.2 was used to code and analyze the qualitative data thematically.Results: Qualitatively, health care providers reported that the availability of adolescent SRHS are satisfactory with access to accurate SRH information, contraceptive methods, prevention and management of STIs and HIV services, and counselling. However, the accessibility of some services remains limited. According to respondents, some products such as female condoms are less in demand and often expire before they can be distributed. One nurse clarified that they render services at a low price if an adolescent has insurance medical coverture. Religious leaders and family members may hinder adolescents from health-seeking behavior by promoting abstinence and discouraging use of protective means. Quantitatively, we found that 94.3% of health facilities provide information to adolescents on SRH services that were available and 51.6% affirmed delivering services at a low cost. Only 57.2% of respondents mentioned that adolescents are involved in designing the feedback mechanisms at their facilities.Conclusion: SRH services in Rwanda are available for the general population and are not specifically designed for adolescents. These SRH services seem to be fairly accessible to adolescents with insufficient quality as adolescents themselves do not get to be fully involved in service provision among other aspects of quality SRH as stated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Therefore, there is a need to improve the present quality of these services to meet adolescents’ needs in an urban setting.

Quality of Antenatal Care Services in a Developing Country: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. e25-e34
Author(s):  
Jacoline Sommer Albert ◽  
Ahtisham Younas ◽  
Gideon Victor
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

The global adult lifetime risk of maternal mortality is 1 in 180; in Pakistan, it is 1 in 170; in developed regions, 1 in 4,900 (Alkema et al., 2016; Filippi, Chou, Ronsmans, Graham, & Say, 2016; World Health Organization [WHO], 2015). The differences in maternal mortality between developed and developing countries are mainly due to the quality of antenatal care (ANC) available in the two groups of countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the structural and procedural quality of ANC services provided and to assess satisfaction levels of women receiving ANC services in two large hospitals in Islamabad, Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the hospitals' outpatient maternal and child health clinics, with a random sample of 138 women. The overall quality of ANC was rated as good (61%), average (17.5%), or poor (17.5%). The findings suggest a need to cultivate quality of care at public health facilities, train health workers in communication skills, and build technical capacity by continuing education and supportive supervision to train health-care providers to follow standard protocols for provision of quality ANC services.

scholarly journals Quality of Life among Varanasi based Ayurveda Junior Resident Doctors Engaged in Covid-19 Care using WHO-BREF - A Cross-Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 534-540
Author(s):  
Dr. Nikita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Junior Resident ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Junior Residents

During the Coronavirus Pandemic, the Varanasi based Ayurveda junior resident doctors experiencing challenges in their quality of life following the covid19 related challenges. The challenges include; loss of many patients, deaths and illnesses of colleagues, fear of transmission to family members, personal risk of infection, inability to cope, personal isolation, population restrictions, and long shifts of work which affect their QOL and have received less attention from scholars. The study aimed at evaluating the quality of life of Ayurvedic medicine practitioners during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods and Material: Varanasi based Ayurveda junior residents from both urban and rural settings were approached for the cross-sectional survey. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect the data and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was made available online on Google forms to the junior residents. The study population involved individuals within the range of 24-80 years. A sample size of 100 was selected from the target population using a convenience sampling procedure. The study identified two or more categories for each variable in the dataset; therefore, the chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between two or more unconditional variables. SAS 9.4 (Statistical Analysis System, Carry, NC, USA) tool was used to analyse the relationship between the categorical variables. P values were obtained for each variable.

scholarly journals Attitudes on vaccination among Portuguese travelers and Brazilian migrans: A pilot study in Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Igreja ◽  
Katy Barros ◽  
Rosa Teodosio
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Travel Clinic ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Anti-vaccination movements exist in Europe and it may reduce adherence to international vaccination.Objectives:To evaluate attitudes on vaccination among Portuguese travelers and Brazilian migrants in Portugal.Material and Methods:Between May and June 2019 a cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Travel Clinic of the Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon. A self-administered questionnaire was applied after medical consultation. Travelers were asked about their attitudes to vaccines. An anonymous web-based survey was sent to Brazilian migrants living in Portugal for at least 6 months.Results: 55 Portuguese (P) travelers and 22 Brazilian (B) migrants answered the questionnaire. 47.3% of Portuguese travelers were male; the mean age was 33 years; reason for travel: tourism (43.6%) or business (30.9%). 31.8% of Brazilian migrants were male and the mean age was 44 years; 71.4% were living in Portugal for ≤ 2 years. Attitudes towards vaccines: 64.8% P and 68.2% B prefer to vaccine even when the risk of acquire a disease is low; 64.1% P and 95.5% B consider that the resistance acquired by disease is better than resistance acquired by vaccine; 75.5% P and 77.3% B prefer to vaccine even when diseases are not severe; 5.6% P and 13.6% B don’t take vaccines because they are afraid of side effects.About the reasons to accept a vaccine, travelers/migrants consider very important to trust in the doctor (100% P, 95.4% B), and the excellent protective effect of a vaccine (98.1% P, 90.9% B).Conclusions: Portuguese travelers and Brazilian migrants in Portugal seem to have a favorable attitude towards vaccination, despite the anti-vaccination movements in Europe. They believe that trust in the doctor and excellent protection of the vaccines are reasons to accept it. The quality of traveler's advice may maintain/increase adherence to vaccination. 

scholarly journals Perception of service satisfaction and quality of life of patients living with schizophrenia in Lagos, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 216-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Opekitan Afe ◽  
Mashudat Bello-Mojeed ◽  
Olawale Ogunsemi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Subjective Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Service Satisfaction ◽  
Subjective Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equal Distribution

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess service-satisfaction and quality of life among patients with schizophrenia in a tertiary psychiatric healthcare facility in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of 101 (out of 120) patients diagnosed with schizophrenia attending the outpatient clinic of the Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV diagnosis (SCID), Charleston Psychiatric Out-patient Scale (CPOSS), and the World-Health Organisation Quality of Life –Bref scale (WHOQOL-BREF) was used in assessing diagnosis, patient satisfaction and subjective quality of life respectively. Results: The ages of the patient ranged from 19-81. Males (49.5%) and females (50.5%) had almost equal distribution. Mean duration of attendance was 8.7years ± 8.50. Service satisfaction ranged between 25-60 on the CPOSS. Areas that had higher mean scores on CPOSS were with items (1) Helpfulness of the records clerk (3.70±1.1), (7) Helpfulness of services received (3.69±1.0). Subjective quality of life was high (3.65±1.8), satisfaction with health was also high (3.40±1.1). Service satisfaction correlated with Quality of life at P < 0.00.

scholarly journals Depression, anxiety, hopelessness and quality of life in users of cocaine/crack in outpatient treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Bosse Paiva ◽  
Isadora Borne Ferreira ◽  
Vera Lúcia Bosa ◽  
Joana Corrêa de Magalhães Narvaez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Significance Level

Abstract Objective: To identify symptoms of anxiety, depression, and feelings of hopelessness in patients in outpatient treatment for substance dependency and to test for correlations with various aspects of their quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a sample of 25 men in recuperation from substance dependency, selected by convenience. We assessed symptoms of depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), and quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument-Abbreviated version [WHOQOL-Bref]), and also analyzed sociodemographic profile, substance abuse, and family history. Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages and quantitative variables as means and standard deviations or as medians and interquartile ranges. We also analyzed Spearman correlations to a 5% significance level. Results: The study revealed prevalence rates of 32% for depression, 24% for anxiety, and 12% for hopelessness, at a moderate/severe level. Correlations between Beck scales and WHOQOL-Bref were significant; but impacts differed in the four areas evaluated. Conclusions: Overall, we observe global negative impacts on subjects' lives, affecting their psychiatric symptoms and quality of life and their relationships and occupational factors to a similar degree. The results show that the lower the scores on these scales, the better the quality of life in some areas, indicating that there is a negative correlation between psychiatric symptoms and quality of life.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Readiness of Community Health Volunteers to Lead Sensitization of Communities on COVID-19 Vaccination in Kenya: A Crosssectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim O. Osur ◽  
Evelyne OF Muinga ◽  
Edward Ireri ◽  
Jane Carter ◽  
Shiphrah Kuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Health Volunteers ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Successful Vaccine ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Abstract BackgroundVaccination is anticipated to bring the COVID-19 pandemic to an ultimate end. Community health volunteers (CHVs) are the link between communities and the formal health system and are therefore a vital factor in successful vaccine rollout in Kenya. However, the ability of CHVs to lead community sensitization on COVID-19 vaccination was uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of CHVs on COVID-19 vaccination, and determine if their knowledge is adequate to lead sensitization of communities in the national COVID-19 vaccination programme.MethodsThis was a mixed methods study comprising a cross-sectional survey and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were collected from 413 CHVs in four counties of Kenya through telephone interviews; 12 key informants were also interviewed through telephone interviews. SPSS version 25.0 and R script programming were utilised to analyse quantitative data. Qualitative data were analyzed using MAXQDA software.ResultsOf 413 CHVs surveyed, 82.3% felt inadequately informed to engage with communities on COVID-19 vaccination. There was a significant difference in the level of knowledge between CHVs in urban compared to rural counties (P=0.0005). The level of knowledge was also higher among more educated CHVs compared to less educated CHVs (OR=3.04, 95% CI: 2.47-3.61; p < 0.001). Knowledge on COVID-19 vaccine was higher in CHVs who had previously received accredited training on COVID-19 (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.28-2.45; p < 0.001) and this had a significant influence on CHV’s willingness to be vaccinated. CHVs with higher levels of knowledge were more likely to express readiness to engage with communities on COVID-19 vaccination than those with lesser knowledge (P=0.0001). ConclusionCHVs in four counties of Kenya did not have adequate knowledge on COVID-19 vaccination which is a major constraint to their work of mobilising communities to accept COVID-19 vaccination.

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