scholarly journals The Current and Future Therapies of Bone Regeneration to Repair Bone Defects

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eijiro Jimi ◽  
Shizu Hirata ◽  
Kenji Osawa ◽  
Masamichi Terashita ◽  
Chiaki Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Large Bone

Bone defects often result from tumor resection, congenital malformation, trauma, fractures, surgery, or periodontitis in dentistry. Although dental implants serve as an effective treatment to recover mouth function from tooth defects, many patients do not have the adequate bone volume to build an implant. The gold standard for the reconstruction of large bone defects is the use of autogenous bone grafts. While autogenous bone graft is the most effective clinical method, surgical stress to the part of the bone being extracted and the quantity of extractable bone limit this method. Recently mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies have the potential to provide an effective treatment of osseous defects. In this paper, we discuss both the current therapy for bone regeneration and the perspectives in the field of stem cell-based regenerative medicine, addressing the sources of stem cells and growth factors used to induce bone regeneration effectively and reproducibly.

3D-printed magnetic Fe3O4/MBG/PCL composite scaffolds with multifunctionality of bone regeneration, local anticancer drug delivery and hyperthermia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (43) ◽  
pp. 7583-7595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Shichang Zhao ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Yufang Zhu ◽  
Yadong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects ◽  
Magnetic Fe3o4

The 3D-printed Fe3O4/MBG/PCL scaffolds with potential multifunctionality would be promising for use in the treatment and regeneration of large bone defects after tumor resection.

Decellularized bone extracellular matrix in skeletal tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-764
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Rothrauff ◽  
Rocky S. Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Large Bone

Bone possesses an intrinsic regenerative capacity, which can be compromised by aging, disease, trauma, and iatrogenesis (e.g. tumor resection, pharmacological). At present, autografts and allografts are the principal biological treatments available to replace large bone segments, but both entail several limitations that reduce wider use and consistent success. The use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM), often derived from xenogeneic sources, has been shown to favorably influence the immune response to injury and promote site-appropriate tissue regeneration. Decellularized bone ECM (dbECM), utilized in several forms — whole organ, particles, hydrogels — has shown promise in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells and enhance bone regeneration. However, dbECM has yet to be investigated in clinical studies, which are needed to determine the relative efficacy of this emerging biomaterial as compared with established treatments. This mini-review highlights the recent exploration of dbECM as a biomaterial for skeletal tissue engineering and considers modifications on its future use to more consistently promote bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Treatment possibilities of jaws bone defects: A case report

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Nenad Tanaskovic ◽  
Sinisa Ristic ◽  
Miroslav Lucic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
Surrounding Soft Tissue ◽  
Prosthetic Reconstruction ◽  
Previous Trauma ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects

Large bone defects in the jaws can occur as a result of previous trauma, tumor or bone destruction caused by infection. Significant loss of bone volume also may be caused by premature loss of teeth, application of inadequate extraction technique, periodontitis or trauma caused by incorrect prosthetic reconstruction. Very few of these defects are treated using materials for bone augmentation or regeneration in order to preserve the total volume of bone. Depending on the size of a defect, spontaneous bone regeneration of untreated defects is limited by proliferation of surrounding soft tissue. Bone replacement by connective tissue leads to loss of stability, reduces function and disturbs anatomical form of the jaws. The aim of the study was to present a case from clinical praxis which demonstrates bone regeneration provided by bone substitute or its combination with bone grafts.

Bone Transport Osteogenesis for Limb Salvage

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Degna ◽  
A. Feretti ◽  
P. Buracco ◽  
Nicole Ehrhart
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Limb Salvage ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bone Transport ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Initial Learning ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects

Six dogs with osteosarcoma of the radius were treated by local resection and limb salvage using bone transport osteogenesis. One case is described in detail. Although the initial learning curve is steep for this technique, strict adherence to oncologic surgical technique and the principles of Ilizarov can lead to a successful outcome. Bone transport shows promise as an alternative to cortical allografts for reconstruction of large bone defects after tumor resection in the canine radius.

scholarly journals Off-label use of rhBMP-2 as bone regeneration strategies in mandibular ameloblastoma unicystic

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Celestino Lima e Silva ◽  
Adonai Peixoto Cheim Junior ◽  
Roberto Moreno ◽  
Sérgio Luis de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Unicystic Ameloblastoma ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACT Jawbone reconstruction after tumor resection is one of the most challenging clinical tasks for maxillofacial surgeons. Osteogenic, osteoinductive, osteoconductive and non-antigenic properties of autogenous bone place this bone as the gold standard for solving problems of bone availability. However, the need for a second surgical site to harvest the bone graft increases significantly both the cost and the morbidity associated with the reconstructive procedures. Bone grafting gained an important tool with the discovery of bone morphogenetic proteins in 1960. Benefit of obtaining functional and real bone matrix without need of second surgical site seems to be the great advantage of use bone morphogenetic proteins. This study analyzed the use of rhBMP-2 in unicystic ameloblastoma of the mandible, detailing its structure, mechanisms of cell signaling and biological efficacy, in addition to present possible advantages and disadvantages of clinical use of rhBMP-2 as bone regeneration strategy.

scholarly journals Methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A) promotes cell survival and osteogenic differentiation under metabolic stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Lee ◽  
Ju-young Kim ◽  
Tae-Kyung Kim ◽  
Seo-Young Park ◽  
Gun-Il Im
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects

AbstractWhile bone has an inherent capacity to heal itself, it is very difficult to reconstitute large bone defects. Regenerative medicine, including stem cell implantation, has been studied as a novel solution to treat these conditions. However, when the local vascularity is impaired, even the transplanted cells undergo rapid necrosis before differentiating into osteoblasts and regenerating bone. Thus, to increase the effectiveness of stem cell transplantation, it is quintessential to improve the viability of the implanted stem cells. In this study, given that the regulation of glucose may hold the key to stem cell survival and osteogenic differentiation, we investigated the molecules that can replace the effect of glucose under ischemic microenvironment of stem cell transplantation in large bone defects. By analyzing differentially expressed genes under glucose-supplemented and glucose-free conditions, we explored markers such as methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A) that are potentially related to cell survival and osteogenic differentiation. Overexpression of METTL7A gene enhanced the osteogenic differentiation and viability of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) in glucose-free conditions. When the in vivo effectiveness of METTL7A-transfected cells in bone regeneration was explored in a rat model of critical-size segmental long-bone defect, METTL7A-transfected hBMSCs showed significantly better regenerative potential than the control vector-transfected hBMSCs. DNA methylation profiles showed a large difference in methylation status of genes related to osteogenesis and cell survival between hBMSCs cultured in glucose-supplemented condition and those cultured in glucose-free condition. Interestingly, METTL7A overexpression altered the methylation status of related genes to favor osteogenic differentiation and cell survival. In conclusion, it is suggested that a novel factor METTL7A enhances osteogenic differentiation and viability of hBMSCs by regulating the methylation status of genes related to osteogenesis or survival.

The Application of a New Composite in Large Bone Defects using Fibrillar Collagen and HA/TCP

1987 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Uratsuji ◽  
T. W. Bauer ◽  
S. I. Reger
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Fibrillar Collagen ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects

The handling property and short term biological response to a new composite of fibrillar collagen (FC) and porous calcium phosphate (HA/TCP) were studied. A 4 mm by 20 mm defect was created in the femora of rabbits. The rabbits were divided into four treatment groups and sacrificed from each group at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. In each group, the defect was treated as follows: in Group I with autogenous bone marrow; in Group II with FC and HA/TCP; and in Group III with FC and HA/TCP with bone marrow in volume ratio of 3:1. In the fourth group, the defect was unfilled. The femora were excised and studied by microradiography or histology or both. The FC could improve the handling property of the HA/TCP granules. Although the composite of FC and HA/TCP was not osteoinductive, the defects in Groups II and III showed good healing at 12 weeks without signs of inflammation. The results showed the composite of FC and HA/TCP to be an effective filler for large bone defects especially when mixed with autogenous bone marrow.

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