scholarly journals Efficacy ofBoesenbergia rotundaTreatment against Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in a Rat Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzy M. Salama ◽  
Mehmet Bilgen ◽  
Ahmed S. Al Rashdi ◽  
Mahmood A. Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Traditional Medicines

Background. Experimental research in hepatology has focused on developing traditional medicines into potential pharmacological solutions aimed at protecting liver from cirrhosis. Along the same line, this study investigated the effects of ethanol-based extract from a traditional medicine plantBoesenbergia rotunda(BR) on liver cirrhosis.Methodology/Results. The BR extract was tested for toxicity on 3 groups of rats subjected to vehicle (10% Tween 20, 5 mL/kg) and 2g/kg and 5g/kg doses of the extract, respectively. Next, experiments were conducted on a rat model of cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide injection. The rats were divided into five groups and, respectively, administered orally with 10% Tween-20 (5 mL/kg) (normal control group), 10% Tween-20 (5 mL/kg) (cirrhosis control group), 50 mg/kg of silymarin (reference control group), and 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of BR extract (experimental groups) daily for 8 weeks. The rats in normal group were intraperitoneally injected with sterile distilled water (1 mL/kg) 3 times/week, and those in the remaining groups were injected intraperitoneally with thioacetamide (200 mg/kg) thrice weekly. At the end of the 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and samples were collected for comprehensive histopathological, coagulation profile and biochemical evaluations. Also, the antioxidant activity of the BR extract was determined and compared with that of silymarin. Data from the acute toxicity tests showed that the extract was safe to use. Histological analysis of the livers of the rats in cirrhosis control group revealed uniform coarse granules on their surfaces, hepatocytic necrosis, and lymphocytes infiltration. But, the surfaces morphologically looked much smoother and the cell damage was much lesser in those livers from the normal control, silymarin and BR-treated groups. In the high-dose BR treatment group, the livers of the rats exhibited nearly normal looking lobular architecture, minimal inflammation, and minimal hepatocyte damage, the levels of the serum biomarkers and liver enzymes read nearly normal, and these results were all comparable to those observed or quantified from the normal and silymarin-treated groups. The BR extract had the antioxidant activity about half of what was recorded for silymarin.Conclusion. The progression of the liver cirrhosis can be intervened using the ethanol-based BR extract, and the liver’s status quo of property, structure, and function can be preserved. This capability of the extract warrants further studies exploring the significance of its pharmacologic potential in successfully treating the liver cirrhosis in humans.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. (BABANDOTAN) LEAVES EXTRACT ON RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS MODEL RAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Erna Harfiani ◽  
Riri Nurul Suci ◽  
Ade Arsianti ◽  
Anton Bahtiar ◽  
Katrin Basah
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Complete Freund's Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Adjuvant

ABSTRACTObjective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation in joints. Ageratum conyzoides L. (Babandotan)leaves are proven to be used in inflammation therapy, yet there is a little data regarding the effects of the leaves on RA. The aim of this study is toinvestigate anti-RA activity of the ethanolic extract of A. conyzoides L. leaves (EEAL) harvested from Bogor, Indonesia, in rats.Methods: The phytochemical screening analysis and thin-layer chromatography were performed to analyze the constituents of the EEAL. This studyused white male Sprague Dawley rats which were divided into 6 groups; normal control and negative control groups, both given 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose; the positive control group, given methotrexate suspension (0.05 mg/200 g bw.); the dose variation extract is 40 mg, 80 mg, and 160 mg/200 gbody weight. All the groups were induced with 0.1 ml Complete Freund’s adjuvant on day 1, except normal control group. Some parameters will bemeasured, such as paw edema, levels of leukocyte and lymphocyte, concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the number of osteoclastsper mm2.Results: For 21 days the rats have given treated the EEAL in three doses, was showed the decreasing volume of paw edema, levels of blood leukocytesand lymphocytes, concentrations of TNF-α and the number of osteoclasts, compared to the rat model of RA.Conclusion: This study showed that the leaves of A. conyzoides L. harvested from Bogor, Indonesia, have activity as anti-RA in a rat model, in whichflavonoid plays a role in inhibition of chronic inflammatory processes.Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides L. leaves, Anti-rheumatoid arthritis, Complete Freund’s adjuvant, Flavonoids.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective and Antifibrotic Effects of Indonesian Propolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Diding Heri Prasetyo ◽  
Sarsono Sarsono ◽  
Ida Nurwati ◽  
Prihandjojo Andri Putranto ◽  
Martini Martini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Liver Cell Damage

Liver cirrhosis is the irreversible stage in liver damage process which occurs after liver fibrosis due to necro-inflammatory activities and liver fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of liver inflammation and fibrosis is very important to prevent liver cirrhosis. This study aimed to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) from mount Lawu, Indonesia to prevent liver damage and fibrosis progression in mice with hepatic cirrhosis. This study was performed during the period of June 2018 to May 2019 on a sample of 32 male Balb/C mice divided into control group (P1), induction of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) group (P2), induction of 50 mg/BW CCl4 + EEP group (P3), and (induction of 100 mg/KgBW CCl4 + EEP (P4) with each group consisted of eight mice. The CCl4 in olive oil was administered intraperitoneally three times a week for six weeks. Mean differences between group was determined using ANOVA test with a significance level of 0.05. The induction of CCl4 increased liver cell damage and serum alanin aminotransferase (ALT) level. However, the addition of EEP significantly (p<0.001) reduced liver cell damage as seen in P3 (54.38±4.17 per 100 liver cells) and P4 (37.13±4.36 per 100 liver cells) groups and serum alanin aminotransferase (ALT) as seen in P3 (291.19±113.92 U/L) and P4 (229.38±73.45 U/L) groups. The APRI scores were also reduced after EEP as seen in P3 (0.738±0.292) and P4 (0.513±0.253) groups. Thus, EEP isolates from Gunung Lawu can reduce liver cell damage and fibrosis in mice model of hepatic cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Preventive Effects of the Intestine Function Recovery Decoction, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, on Postoperative Intra-Abdominal Adhesion Formation in a Rat Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cancan Zhou ◽  
Pengbo Jia ◽  
Zhengdong Jiang ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Guanghui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Abdominal Adhesion ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Model Control

The intestine function recovery decoction (IFRD) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used for the treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction. In this study, the preventative effects and probable mechanism of the IFRD were investigated in a rat model. We randomly assigned rats to five groups: normal, model, control, low dose IFRD, and high dose IFRD. In the animal model, the caecum wall and parietal peritoneum were abraded to induce intra-abdominal adhesion formation. Seven days after surgery, adhesion scores were assessed using a visual scoring system, and histopathological samples were examined. The levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) were analysed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that a high dose of IFRD reduced the grade of intra-abdominal adhesion in rats. Furthermore, the grades of inflammation, fibrosis, and neovascularization in the high dose IFRD group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The results indicate that the IFRD can prevent intra-abdominal adhesion formation in a rat model. These data suggest that the IFRD may be an effective antiadhesion agent.

scholarly journals Assessment of Hemodynamics in a Rat Model of Liver Cirrhosis with Precancerous Lesions Using Multislice Spiral CT Perfusion Imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guolin Ma ◽  
Rongjie Bai ◽  
Huijie Jiang ◽  
Xuejia Hao ◽  
Zaisheng Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Ct Perfusion ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Spiral Ct ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Multislice Spiral Ct

Rationale and Objectives. To develop an optimal scanning protocol for multislice spiral CT perfusion (CTP) imaging to evaluate hemodynamic changes in liver cirrhosis with diethylnitrosamine- (DEN-) induced precancerous lesions.Materials and Methods. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group (n=80) and the precancerous liver cirrhosis group (n=40). The control group received saline injection and the liver cirrhosis group received 50 mg/kg DENi.p.twice a week for 12 weeks. All animals underwent plain CT scanning, CTP, and contrast-enhanced CT scanning. Scanning parameters were optimized by adjusting the diatrizoate concentration, the flow rate, and the delivery time. The hemodynamics of both groups was further compared using optimized multislice spiral CTP imaging.Results. High-quality CTP images were obtained with following parameters: 150 kV; 150 mAs; 5 mm thickness, 5 mm interval; pitch, 1; matrix,512×512; and FOV, 9.6 cm. Compared to the control group, the liver cirrhosis group had a significantly increased value of the hepatic arterial fraction and the hepatic artery perfusion (P<0.05) but significantly decreased hepatic portal perfusion and mean transit time (P<0.05).Conclusion. Multislice spiral CTP imaging can be used to evaluate the hemodynamic changes in the rat model of liver cirrhosis with precancerous lesions.

scholarly journals The Inhibitory Effects of Naringin in a Rat Model of Postoperative Intraperitoneal Adhesion Formation

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xiaoqiang Shi ◽  
Yunhua Wu ◽  
Enmeng Li ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yanfei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Collagen Deposition ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesion ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Intraperitoneal Adhesions

Background. Many attempts have been made to inhibit the formation of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions, but the results have been discouraging. Therefore, the identification of effective preventative measures or treatments is of great importance. In this study, the substantial potential of naringin (NG) to reduce peritoneal adhesions was validated in a rat model. Materials and Methods. A rat peritoneal adhesion model was established by abrasion of the cecum and its opposite intraperitoneal region under aseptic surgical conditions. After the operation, three groups of NG-treated rats were given 2 mL of NG by gavage at different concentrations (40, 60, or 80 mg/kg/d). The sham, control, and hyaluronan (HA) groups were given equal volumes of normal saline daily. On the 8th day, all rats were sacrificed 30 min after the administration of an activated carbon solution (10 mL/kg) by oral gavage. Intraperitoneal adhesion formation was adequately evaluated by necropsy, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Sirius red staining, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) probes. The gastrointestinal dynamics of the rats were assessed on the basis of a small intestinal charcoal powder propulsion test and the detection of motilin and gastrin levels in serum. Results. Intraperitoneal adhesions were markedly reduced in the group of rats receiving high-dose NG. Compared with the control group, the high-dose NG group showed clear reductions in inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and fibroblast formation in the adhesion tissue and enhanced gastrointestinal dynamics ( P  < 0.05). Conclusion. NG alleviated the severity of intraperitoneal adhesions in a rat model by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and fibroblast formation, highlighting the potential of NG as a drug candidate to prevent postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Cuka Apel 'A' terhadap Kadar MDA Hepar Tikus Wistar Jantan yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Dosis Toksik

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Niki Niki Rahmawati ◽  
Sugiyanta Sugiyanta ◽  
Elly Nurus Sakinah
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

  High dose of paracetamol is metabolized by cytochrome P-450 become free radical N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI) but liver Glutathione (GSH) is not adequate to change it become nonreactive metabolite so that NAPQI bind to unsaturated fatty acid of cell membrane, causing lipid peroxidation and increase liver Malondialdehyde (MDA). 'A' apple vinegar contains anthocyanin with an antioxidant effect by electron donor to NAPQI and acetic acid to improve liver GSH level. The aim of research was to investigate the effect of 'A' apple vinegar on the rat liver MDA induced by toxic dose of paracetamol. Research groups consist of normal control (CMC Na 1% 1 ml for 14 days), negative control (CMC Na 1% 1ml for 14 days + paracetamol 291.6 mg/200gBW on the day 12nd,13rd,14th), and treatment group ('A' apple vinegar 0.4 ml/150gBW for 14 days + paracetamol 291.6 mg/200gBW on the day 12nd,13rd,14th). Liver MDA was measured on the day 15th with competitive ELISA. The average of normal control group was 21.58 ng/ml, negative control group was 70,71 ng/ml, treatment group was 37,67 ng/ml. One way ANOVA and Post hoc LSD test showed significantly differences between all groups (p<0,05). It can be concluded that 'A' apple vinegar had an effect on the liver MDA induced by toxic dose of paracetamol.   Keywords: Paracetamol, NAPQI, MDA, 'A' apple vinegar, antioxidant  

The Effect of Different Extracts of Beetroots as Antioxidant and Anti-Anaemia On Phenylhydrazine-Induced Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti ◽  
Lusi Putri Dwita ◽  
Dimas W. Wisnunanda ◽  
Fanny Farista
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

Abstract Aim evaluate antioxidant and anti-anaemia activity of dichloromethane, hydroethanolic, and alkaloids-free hydroethanolic extracts of beetroot (Beta vulgaris (L.) subsp. vulgaris) on phenylhydrazine-induced rats. Methods Male rats were divided into five groups: normal control group, negative control group, dichloromethane extract group, hydroethanolic extract group, and alkaloids-free hydroethanolic extract group. All groups were induced with phenylhydrazine (30 mg.Kg−1 BW) for three days, except for the normal control group. After induction, each treatment group received each extract (200 mg.Kg−1 BW) for 21 days. The haematology parameters (haemoglobin levels, the number of erythrocytes, and haematocrit levels) were measured using Haematology Analyzer, and the antioxidant activity was measured through MDA level parameters in rats. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and then continued with the Tukey test. Results The results showed that the hydroethanolic extract of beetroot increased the percentage of erythrocytes (33.5%), haemoglobin (25%), and haematocrit (24.4%) to the negative control group, which was comparable to the normal control group (p > 0.05). In addition, the best antioxidant activity was shown in the hydroethanolic extract of beetroot, which is comparable to the normal group (p > 0.05). Conclusion The beetroot hydroethanolic crude extract could be potentially produced in a natural pharmaceutical product as a beneficial resource within anti-anaemia and antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Combined Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells, α-fetoprotein Heterogene-3 and α-fetoprotein in the Early Diagnosis of HCC for  the Prediction of Efficacy, Prognosis, Recurrence after Microwave Ablation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Yue Zhu ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Fei He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Microwave Ablation ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Recurrent Group ◽  
Combined Detection

Abstract Background: Early diagnosis can significantly improve treatment outcomes for HCC patients. Microwave ablation (MWA) is an important treatment for HCC, there's a lack of specific tests for prognosis. This study investigated the predictive value of combined of AFP, AFP-L3, CTCs. Methods: 143 HCC patients as research subjects (HCC group), 102 liver cirrhosis patients as liver cirrhosis group, 127 hepatitis patients as hepatitis group, 110 healthy outpatients as normal control group. The levels of AFP, AFP-L3 and CTCs were detected, and ROC curve was used to analyze the clinical value of the detection with single and combined indicators in HCC diagnosis. Results: Compared with cirrhosis group, hepatitis group and normal control group, the levels of AFP, AFP-L3, CTCs in HCC group were significantly higher. AFP, AFP-L3, CTCs of patients in non-recurrent group, CR+PR group and OS>3 group were significantly lower than the recurrent group, SD+PD group, OS<3 years group. Conclusion: Combined detection of AFP, AFP-L3, CTCs can effectively make up for the shortcomings of the detection with single and pairwise indicators. It can’t only diagnose HCC in early, but also has a high clinical value in predicting the short-term efficacy, prognosis and recurrence of HCC patients after MWA treatment.

scholarly journals Effects of catalpa alcohol from Rehmannia glutinosa on calcium-binding protein, interleukin-1β and galectin-3 in synovial tissues of rats with knee osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang He ◽  
Yixin Liu ◽  
Hong Yin ◽  
Weiqing Qian ◽  
Nianwei Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Tissue ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Rehmannia Glutinosa ◽  
Galectin 3

We aimed to evaluate the effects of catalpa alcohol from Rehmannia glutinosa on the expressions of calcium-binding protein (S100A12), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and galectin-3 in the synovium of rats with early knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Fifty-two adult male Wistar rats aged 3-8 weeks were divided into normal control (n=16), model (n=12), low-dose (n=12) and high-dose groups (n=12). On the 10th day after modeling, 6 rats in normal control group and 6 in other three groups were randomly selected. X-ray and three-dimensional CT images of left knee joint were taken under live anesthesia. The joint cavity of sacrificed rats was opened to observe cartilage surface. After 28 consecutive days of administration, the synovial tissue of left knee joint was collected. S100A12, IL-1β and galectin-3 levels in synovial tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. There were articular cartilage defects in left knees. Radiological examination showed significant joint space narrowing and hyperplasia, and 3D CT joint space value decreased (P &lt; 0.05). The Mankins and OARSI scores of synovial histopathology were significantly different (P &lt; 0.05). The S100A12, IL-1β and galectin-3 levels in synovial tissue of model group significantly exceeded those of normal control group (P &lt; 0.01). Compared with model group, such levels of low-dose (P &lt; 0.05) and high-dose groups (P &lt; 0.01) were significantly lower. The S100A12, IL-1β and galectin-3 levels in synovium tissue decreased with rising concentration of catalpa alcohol from R. glutinosa . Therefore, this drug is potentially suitable for inhibiting inflammatory response to delay the progression of KOA.

scholarly journals Matrine combined with Osthole inhibited the PERK apoptosis of splenic lymphocytes in PCV2-infected mice model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinlan Xu ◽  
Shuangxiu Wan ◽  
Panpan Sun ◽  
Ajab Khan ◽  
Jianhua Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Dose Treatment ◽  
Km Mice ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background PCV2 (Porcine circovirus type 2) is one of the major pathogens commonly in pigs, which can cause immunosuppression and apoptosis. Vaccinations and single drugs are not totally prevent and treat PCV2 diseases. We have previously reported that the synergistic anti-PCV2 effects of Matrine and Osthole were better than Matrine or Osthole alone in vitro, Matrine and Osthole were purchased with a clear content, chemical structure and plant origin. This study aimes to evaluate theirs synergistic anti-PCV2 effect and mechanism in Kunming (KM) mice model infected with PCV2. KM mice were randomly divided into 8 groups, namly: normal control group, PCV2 infected group, Matrine combined with Osthole high dose treatment group (40 mg/kg + 12 mg/kg), medium dose treatment group (20 mg/kg + 6 mg/kg), low dose treatment group (10 mg/kg + 3 mg/kg), Matrine treatment group (40 mg/kg), Osthole treatment group (12 mg/kg) and Ribavirin positive control group (40 mg/kg). PCV2 was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected in all mice except the normal control group. At 5 days post-infection (dpi), mice in different treatment groups were injected i.p. with various doses of Matrine, Osthole and Ribavirin once daily for 5 consecutive days. Results The synergistic inhibition effect of Matrine and Osthole on PCV2 replication in mouse liver was significantly stronger than that of Matrine and Osthole alone. The protein expression of GRP78, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4, CHOP, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax were significantly reduced, but the protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly increased in Matrine combined with Osthole groups, which alleviated the pathological change caused by PCV2, such as interstitial pneumonia, loss of spleen lymphocytes, infiltration of macrophages and eosinophils. Conclusions The synergistic effect of anti-apoptosis was better than that of Matrine and Osthole alone, although both of Matrine and Osthole could also directly inhibited the expression of PCV2 Cap and then inhibited the apoptosis of spleen cells induced by PCV2 Cap through the PERK pathway activated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) GRP78. These results provide a new insight into controlling PCV2 infection and provide good component prescription candidate for the development of novel anti-PCV2 drugs.

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