scholarly journals Public Housing Construction and the Cities: 1937–1967

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
The City

Public housing advocates argue that the nation should expand the federal public housing program as part of an effort to increase the supply of affordable rental housing. This paper examines federal public housing construction in the largest US cities over the period 1937–1967, a period during which the public housing program was the primary program to provide low-income households with affordable rental housing. Public housing is found to depend upon the population level of the city, factors that characterize the housing stock as of 1950, the poverty level in the city, and the size of the nonwhite population in the city. The National Commission on Urban Problems (National commission on urban problems 1968, page 128) found that this supply response meant that “… the great need of the large central cities for housing for poor families was largely unmet.” Changes in racial segregation from 1940 to 1960 are found to be unrelated to public housing construction. While the current situation is different in many respects from circumstances of these earlier decades, a renewed effort to supply public housing might produce similar outcomes.

A theoretical framework of the governance institutions of low-income housing in China

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1967-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Public Rental Housing ◽  
Governmental Intervention ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The City ◽  
Important Form ◽  
Low Income Housing

This paper develops a theoretical framework for institutional analysis of the governance of low-income housing in the city. I focus on the provision of local public goods as a central issue for low-income housing. Factors that affect the governance structure from the efficiency perspective and the equity perspective, respectively, are explored. I argue that over-subsidisation is an important problem for income-redistribution institutions and, hence, public housing or social housing becomes an important form of governmental intervention in low-income housing. The framework is then applied to low-income housing in China. In particular, I analyse the governance structures of several major types of low-income housing including public rental housing, private low-income housing, work-unit compound and urban village.

Intermediate Shelters in Bam and Permanent Shelter Reconstruction in Villages following the 2003 Bam, Iran, Earthquake

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 487-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Khazai ◽  
Elizabeth Hausler
Keyword(s):  
Housing Stock ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Permanent Housing ◽  
Relief Operations ◽  
Shelter Construction ◽  
The City

The earthquake of 26 December 2003 destroyed about 85% of the housing stock and left up to 75,600 people in the city of Bam homeless. With the convergence of migrants from nearby villages, it is estimated that 155,000 people were in need of shelter in Bam and surrounding villages. A municipal governmental Master Plan for the reconstruction of Bam was completed in September 2004. Permanent housing construction in the city of Bam began in October 2004, and is scheduled to take three to five years. In the interim, intermediate shelter construction in Bam and reconstruction of permanent shelter in the surrounding villages is ongoing and work is being done to integrate relief operations into long-term recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction programs. At the time of the reconnaissance trip in late May 2004, 16,200 intermediate shelters were assembled in Bam, either on the sites of original dwellings or on campgrounds on the outskirts of the city, and over 2,500 permanent shelters were constructed in the surrounding villages.

Mapping Public Housing: The Case of New York City

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvin Wyly ◽  
James DeFilippis
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
York City ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Housing Subsidy ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Policy Debates

In American popular discourse and policy debates, “public housing” conjures images of “the projects”—dysfunctional neighborhood imprints of a discredited welfare state. Yet this image, so important in justifying deconcentration, is a dangerous caricature of the diverse places where low–income public housing residents live, and it ignores a much larger public housing program—the $100 billion–plus annual mortgage interest tax concessions to (mostly) wealthy homeowners. in this article, we measure three spatial aspects of assisted housing, poverty, and wealth in New York City. First, local indicators of spatial association document a contingent link between assistance and poverty: vouchers are not consistently associated with poverty deconcentration. Second, spatial regressions confirm this result after controlling for racial segregation and spatial autocorrelation. Third, factor analyses and cluster classifications reveal a rich, complex neighborhood topography of poverty, wealth, and housing subsidy that defies the simplistic stereotypes of policy and popular discourse.

After the Projects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. Vale
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Hope Vi ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Spatial Politics ◽  
The Us ◽  
National Initiative

At a time when lower-income Americans face a desperate struggle to find affordable rental housing in many cities, After the Projects investigates the contested spatial politics of public housing development and redevelopment. Public housing practices differ markedly from city to city and, collectively, reveal deeply held American attitudes about poverty and how the poorest should be governed. The book exposes the range of outcomes from the US federal government’s HOPE VI program for public housing transformation, focused on nuanced accounts of four very different ways of implementing this same national initiative—in Boston, New Orleans, Tucson, and San Francisco. It draws upon more than two hundred interviews, analysis of internal documents about each project, and nearly fifteen years of visits to these neighborhoods. The central aim is to understand how and why some cities, when redeveloping public housing, have attempted to minimize the presence of the poorest residents in their new mixed-income communities, while other cities have instead tried to serve the maximum number of extremely low-income households. The book shows that these socially and politically revealing decisions are rooted in distinctly different kinds of governance constellations—each yielding quite different sorts of community pressures. These have been forged over many decades in response to each city’s own struggle with previous efforts at urban renewal. In contrast to other books that have focused on housing in a single city, this volume offers comparative analysis and a national picture, while also discussing four emblematic communities with an unprecedented level of detail.

Public Housing and Vouchers

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Housing Subsidy ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Design Evolution ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Low Income Households

Public housing and rental vouchers constitute two distinct forms of housing subsidy in the United States. Public housing, the nation’s oldest housing program for low-income renters provides affordable housing to about 1.2 million households in developments ranging in size from a single unit to multibuilding complexes with hundreds of apartments. The Housing Choice Voucher Program, founded more than 35 years after the start of public housing is now the nation’s largest rental subsidy program. It enables around 2 million low-income households to rent privately owned housing anywhere in the country. Although both programs provide low-income households with “deep” subsidies that ensure they spend no more than 30 percent of their adjusted income on rent, and both are operated by local public housing authorities, they offer distinct advantages and disadvantages. This chapter reviews and compares the two programs, examining their design, evolution, and strengths and weaknesses, including issues of racial segregation and concentrated poverty.

Calling upon the Genius of Private Enterprise: The Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 and the Liberal Turn to Public-Private Partnerships

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander von Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
For Profit

President Lyndon Johnson declared the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 to be “the most farsighted, the most comprehensive, the most massive housing program in all American history.” To replace every slum dwelling in the country within ten years, the act turned from public housing, the government-run program started in the 1930s, toward private-sector programs using both nonprofit and for-profit companies. As a result, since its passage, for-profit businesses have developed the great majority of low-income residences in the United States. The law also helped popularize the idea of “public-private partnerships,” collaborations of government agencies and non-government entities—including for-profit companies—for social and urban improvements. Remarkably, political liberals supported the idea that private enterprise carry out social-welfare programs. This article examines the reasons that Democratic officials, liberals, and housing industry leaders united to create a decentralized, ideologically pluralistic, and redundant system for low-income housing. It shows that frustrations with the public housing program, the response to widespread violence in the nation's cities, and the popularity of corporate America pushed the turn toward the private sector. The changes in housing and urban policy made in the late 1960s, the article concludes, helped further distinguish the American welfare state and encourage the rise of neoliberalism in the United States.

scholarly journals Desastres Ambientais e Conflitos Socioespaciais no Brasil / Environmental Disasters and Socio-Spatial Conflicts in Brazil

2017 ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Antenora Maria Da Mata Siqueira ◽  
Juliana Nazareno Mendes ◽  
Alex José Lemos Filho
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Conflict Of Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environmental Disasters ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

RESUMOOs desastres relacionados às águas, ocorridos no Brasil, aprofundaram e ampliaram as pesquisas sobre tais fenômenos. Este artigo analisa os conflitos decorrentes da resposta do governo da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ às consequências dos desastres: o programa de habitação popular “Morar Feliz”. Realizaram-se levantamentos bibliográficos, coleta de dados em órgãos públicos e entrevistas com moradores reassentados. Os resultados indicam a existência de conflito de interesses que opõem os moradores que reivindicam ficar no bairro em que residem, ou próximo a ele, e o governo municipal, que promove a expansão urbana em áreas com insuficiência de infraestrutura urbana.Palavras-Chave: desastres ambientais, habitação popular, risco.RESUMENLos desastres relacionados con el agua que ocurrieron en Brasil profundizaron y ampliaron las investigaciones sobre estos fenómenos. En este artículo se analizan los conflictos que surgen como resultado de la respuesta del gobierno de la ciudad de Campos dos Goytacazes / RJ frente a las consecuencias de los desastres: el programa de vivienda pública "Morar Feliz". La investigación se basó en la literatura sobre el tema, en recolección de datos en los organismos públicos y en entrevistas con residentes reasentados. Los resultados indican la existencia de conflictos de intereses que oponen a los residentes que pretenden permanecer en el distrito en el que residen, o al menos cerca; al gobierno municipal, que promueve la expansión urbana en las zonas con insuficiencia de infraestructura urbana.Palabras Clave: Desastres ambientales, viviendas públicas, riesgo.ABSTRACTWater-related disasters occurred in Brazil deepened and expanded researches on such phenomena. This article analyzes the conflicts arising from the response of the government of the city of Campos dos Goytacazes / RJ concerning the consequences of these disasters: the public housing program "Morar Feliz". There were conducted bibliographic researches, data collection in public entities and interviews with residents resettled. The results indicate the existence of conflict of interests that opposes residents who claim to stay in the district in which they reside, or close to it; and the municipal government, which promotes urban sprawl in areas with lack of urban infrastructure.Keywords: Environmental disasters, public housing, risk.

scholarly journals Assessing the Egyptian Public Housing Policies and Governance Modes (1952-2020), Towards Achieving a Sustainable Integrated Urban Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Hager Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Yasser Elsayed ◽  
Doaa Abouelmagd
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Open Door Policy ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Housing Provision ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Governance Modes

Public housing provision is one of the most urgent problems in Egypt; over the last 70 years, the leading provider was the state, problems were coping with the high demand, as well as the quality of the units concerning household's requirements.This paper discusses and analyzes the development of the international housing policies for low-income categories, from direct provision to sustainable integrated approach, compared to Egypt's public housing policies, governance modes during the last 70 years. This paper divides this period into four main phases according to the state political and economic approach in each phase, starting with the first intention for public housing projects through socialism, passing by the open door policy, capitalism, and the variety of housing schemes. Finally, the state initiatives after 2011 through the national social housing program.

scholarly journals Core Housing Strategy for Improved Urban Low-Cost Public Housing Delivery in Anambra State, Nigeria

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Okoye N.B.C.D. ◽  
Enwin A.D. ◽  
Anyanechi I.C.N.
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Housing Production ◽  
Housing Shortage ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
The Relationship

Anambra state of Nigeria experiences acute housing shortage for urban low-income population owing to inefficient public housing delivery system principled on conventional full-provision house types. Insufficiency of funds for housing development is a major cause. Increased rate and scale of housing production and volume of housing stock have been stalled. Low-income households are adversely affected, being priced out of the limited stock. Core housing, a partial-provision strategy believed to require less financial resources has been neglected. This research focused on the potentials of core housing strategy in financial cost-saving and other aspects of public housing products’ performance. Components of public housing products’ performance and the measuring variables were first outlined; followed by a review of the relationship between core housing and the variables, which was apt and revealing. This study has widened knowledge and prepared grounds for empirical studies of core housing performance in Anambra State public housing sector.

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