scholarly journals Sharpe (Ratio) Thinking about the Investment Opportunity Set and CAPM Relationship

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Zakamulin
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Portfolio Performance ◽  
Investment Opportunity ◽  
Risky Assets ◽  
Comparative Static Analysis ◽  
Investment Opportunity Set ◽  
Alternative Characterization ◽  
Sharpe Ratios

In the presence of a risk-free asset the investment opportunity set obtained via the Markowitz portfolio optimization procedure is usually characterized in terms of the vector of excess returns on individual risky assets and the variance-covariance matrix. We show that the investment opportunity set can alternatively be characterized in terms of the vector of Sharpe ratios of individual risky assets and the correlation matrix. This implies that the changes in the characteristics of individual risky assets that preserve the Sharpe ratios and the correlation matrix do not change the investment opportunity set. The alternative characterization makes it simple to perform a comparative static analysis that provides an answer to the question of what happens with the investment opportunity set when we change the risk-return characteristics of individual risky assets. We demonstrate the advantages of using the alternative characterization of the investment opportunity set in the investment practice. The Sharpe ratio thinking also motivates reconsidering the CAPM relationship and adjusting Jensen's alpha in order to properly measure abnormal portfolio performance.

scholarly journals The role of an option-implied distribution in improving an asset allocation model

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Hafizah Bahaludin ◽  
Mimi Hafizah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Risk Premium ◽  
Minimum Variance ◽  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Portfolio Performance ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Risky Assets ◽  
Risk Neutral ◽  
Naïve Diversification ◽  
Risk Neutral Density

The objective of this paper is to extend the information embedded in option-implied distribution to asset allocation model. This paper examines whether a parameter estimated from an option-implied distribution can improve a minimum-variance portfolio which consists of many risky assets. The option-implied distribution under a risk-neutral assumption is called risk-neutral density (RND) whereas a risk-world density (RWD) is calculated by incorporating a risk-premium. The computation of option-implied distributions is based on the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) index options and its constituents. The data covers the period from January 2009 until December 2015. Portfolio performance is evaluated based on portfolio volatility and Sharpe ratio. The performance of a portfolio based on an option-implied distribution is compared to a naive diversification portfolio. The empirical evidence shows that for a portfolio based on an option-implied distribution, the volatility of the portfolio is reduced and the Sharpe ratio is increased.

UNCERTAINTY AVERSION, ROBUST CONTROL AND ASSET HOLDINGS WITH A STOCHASTIC INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY SET

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. 985-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIANNIS VARDAS ◽  
ANASTASIOS XEPAPADEAS
Keyword(s):  
Robust Control ◽  
Portfolio Choice ◽  
Ambiguity Aversion ◽  
Investment Opportunity ◽  
Uncertainty Aversion ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Risky Assets ◽  
Investment Opportunity Set ◽  
Robust Portfolio ◽  
Home Bias Puzzle

We formulate the portfolio choice problem as a robust control problem under uncertainty or ambiguity aversion. By considering a stochastic investment opportunity set, we derive optimal robust portfolio rules in the cases of one and two risky assets. With two risky assets and ambiguity structure determined by economy-wide factors, we show that the robust portfolio rule could lead to an increase in the total holdings of risky assets as compared to the holdings under the Merton rule, which is the standard risk aversion case. This result goes against the general belief that uncertainty aversion and robust control methods lead to conservative behavior. We also show that the investor is more likely to increase the holdings of the asset for which there is no ambiguity, and reduce the holdings of the asset for which there is ambiguity, a result that might provide an explanation for the home bias puzzle.

Die Investition in Fine Wine unter Diversifikations- und Kostengesichtspunkten

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Nahmer
Keyword(s):  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Government Bond ◽  
Bond Index ◽  
World Government ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
Sharpe Ratios

Dieses Papier untersucht die Sinnhaftigkeit von Fine Wine als Alternatives Investment unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kosten eines Fine Wine Investments. Ist Fine Wine zur weiteren Diversifizierung und damit zur Verbesserung des Risikio-Return-Profils von global in Aktien und Anleihen investierenden Portfolios geeignet? Die Analyse erfolgt in einem ersten Schritt auf Indexbasis und in einem zweiten Schritt auf Basis von realen Investitions-möglichkeiten. Die Referenzwährungen sind der US-Dollar und der Euro. Für die Indexbetrachtung werden auf der Aktienseite der MSCI-World-Index und für die Anleihen der JPM-World-Government-Bond-Index verwendet. Bei den Daten für die Investition in Fine Wine liegt der Fokus auf dem Liv-ex-50-Index der im Jahre 1999 gegründeten Londoner Weinbörse Liv-ex. Bei der realen Investition werden für die Datenanalyse bei Aktien und Anleihen Indexfonds verwendet. Da es für die Investition in Fine Wine keinen Indexfonds gibt, wird der Liv-ex-50-Index inklusive aller Kosten einer realen Investition berechnet. Es werden verschiedene Portfoliozusammensetzungen verglichen. Zum einen wird ein Portfolio aus 50% Aktien und 50% Anleihen einem Portfolio aus 45% Aktien, 45% Anleihen und 10% Fine Wine gegenübergestellt. Zum an-deren wird ein Portfolio aus 25% Aktien und 75% Anleihen gegen ein Portfolio aus 20% Aktien, 70% Anleihen und 10% Fine Wine gemessen. Als Vergleichsmaßstab werden die annualisierte Rendite, die Standardabweichung sowie das Sharpe-Ratio der jeweiligen Portfolios berechnet. Die Ergebnisse für die genannten Zeiträume sind ernüchternd. Die Beimischung von Fine Wine führt auf Indexebene lediglich zu einer leichten Verbesserung der annualisierten Rendite aber zu einer markanten Erhöhung des Risi-kos. Bei der Betrachtung der realen Investition kommen die hohen Kosten eines Investments in Fine Wine zum Tragen. Die annualisierte Rendite ist im Vergleich zu den Portfolios ohne Beimischung von Fine Wine niedriger bei gleichzeitig höheren Risikowerten. Lediglich bei der Betrachtung auf Indexbasis in Euro kann bei einem Portfolio eine leichte Verbesserung der Sharpe-Ratio verzeichnet werden. Bei der Betrachtung nach Kosten führt in allen Fällen die Beimischung von Fine Wine zu einer Verschlechterung der Sharpe-Ratios.

The Impact of Volatility Targeting

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Leverage Effect ◽  
Left Tail ◽  
Risk Parity ◽  
Asset Classes ◽  
Equity Portfolios ◽  
Sharpe Ratios ◽  
Tail Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Extreme Returns

Recent studies show that volatility-managed equity portfolios realize higher Sharpe ratios than portfolios with a constant notional exposure. The authors show that this result only holds for risk assets, such as equity and credit, and they link this finding to the so-called leverage effect for those assets. In contrast, for bonds, currencies, and commodities, the impact of volatility targeting on the Sharpe ratio is negligible. However, the impact of volatility targeting goes beyond the Sharpe ratio: It reduces the likelihood of extreme returns across all asset classes. Particularly relevant for investors, left-tail events tend to be less severe because they typically occur at times of elevated volatility, when a target-volatility portfolio has a relatively small notional exposure. We also consider the popular 60–40 equity–bond balanced portfolio and an equity–bond–credit–commodity risk parity portfolio. Volatility scaling at both the asset and portfolio level improves Sharpe ratios and reduces the likelihood of tail events.

scholarly journals PENGARUH RETURN ON ASSETS, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO DAN INVESMENT OPPORTUNITY SET TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN CONSUMER GOODS YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2013-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Yoyo Sudaryo ◽  
Dyah Purnamasari
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Investment Opportunity ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Investment Opportunity Set ◽  
Equity Ratio

Nilai perusahaan menggambarkan seberapa baik atau buruk manajemen mengelola kekayaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Return on Assets (ROA), Debt to equity ratio (DER) dan Investment Opportunity Set (IOS) terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Metode yang di gunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Teknik pengumpulan data didapat melalui download pada idx.ac.id dan beberapa buku referensi. Teknik analisis data yang di gunakan untuk menjawab rumusan masalah ROA, DER dan IOS dan Nilai Perusahaan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasi (R). Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa (1) ROA rata-rata sebesar 18,6%. (2) DER rata-rata sebesar 48%. (3) IOS rata-rata sebesar 163%. (4) Nilai Perusahaan rata-rata sebesar 176%. (5) ROA berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,311. (6) DER berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar -0,286. (7) IOS berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,194. (8) ROA, DER dan IOS dengan Nilai Perusahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,192.  

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