scholarly journals Soil Characteristics and Lodgepole Pine (Pinus contortavar.latifolia) Performance Two Decades after Disk Trenching of Unburned and Broadcast-Burned Plots in Subboreal British Columbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob O. Boateng ◽  
Jean L. Heineman ◽  
Lorne Bedford ◽  
Amanda F. Linnell Nemec
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Foliar Nutrition

We examined the effects of low-impact broadcast-burning and disk-trenching planting position (control, hinge, trench) on soil characteristics and lodgepole pine foliar nutrition and growth over two decades at a subboreal site in British Columbia, Canada. Broadcast burning had virtually no effect on either the bulk density or chemical properties of soil. In contrast, significant reductions in soil bulk density and increases in soil nutrient availability persisted for 20 years in hinge position soils relative to undisturbed (control) soil between trenches. These effects on bulk density and nutrient availability are associated with significant differences in pine size by year 6. Burning and planting positions interacted significantly in their effect on pine height, diameter, and stem volume for at least 19 years. Pine survival was high regardless of burning or planting position. Neither broadcast burning nor planting position significantly affected lodgepole pine foliar nutrient status in this study.

Effects of Sitka alder on the growth and foliar nutrition of young lodgepole pine in the central interior of British Columbia

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1761-1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
R P Brockley ◽  
P Sanborn
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Boreal Ecosystem

The 6-year effects of differing levels of Sitka alder (Alnus viridus spp. sinuata (Regel) Á. Löve & D. Löve) retention (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 clumps/ha) on the development of retained alder and on the growth and foliar nutrition of 7-year-old naturally regenerated lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) were evaluated in a sub-boreal ecosystem in the central interior of British Columbia. Alder development was inversely related to alder retention density, with the largest height and crown width increments occurring at the lowest alder densities. Low to moderate levels of alder cover did not significantly inhibit the diameter or height growth of lodgepole pine. Even under high alder cover, growth was not reduced until alder cover exceeded 45%. Over the 6-year response period, lodgepole pine diameter and height increments under high alder cover were reduced by 10% and 12%, respectively, relative to the no-alder treatment. The effect of alder density on lodgepole pine foliar N was strongly linear, with the highest N levels measured in the high alder retention treatment. However, the positive impact of alder retention on foliar N resulted in probable imbalance of N relative to S and possibly P and K. Unless alleviated, nutritional imbalances may preclude reliable assessment of the competitive effects (i.e., light and soil resources) of alder density, if any, on lodgepole pine growth.

Effects of 12 years of repeated fertilization on the foliar nutrition and growth of young lodgepole pine in the central interior of British Columbia

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2115-2129 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Brockley
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Complete Fertilizer

The effects of different regimes and frequencies of repeated fertilization (applied periodically and yearly) on the foliar nutrition and growth of young lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) were investigated in central British Columbia. After 12 years, tree and stand growth responses indicated modest positive effects of two applications of nitrogen (N) and boron, with relatively large incremental gains to added sulphur and other nutrients (complete). Despite large increases in effective leaf area index and foliar N concentration relative to the control and periodic treatments, yearly applications of fertilizer were relatively ineffective in stimulating growth. When combined with frequent additions of other essential nutrients, annual fertilization with 50–100 kg N/ha over 12 years (825 kg N/ha in total) produced only slightly more “extra” wood than two applications of the multinutrient, complete fertilizer (400 kg N/ha in total) (19.4 m3/ha vs. 17.2 m3/ha, respectively). The most intensive fertilization treatment (1550 kg N/ha plus other nutrients over 12 years) produced shorter trees and less stand volume increment than periodic fertilization with the complete fertilizer. Treatment-induced changes in stand dynamics and growth allocation, disrupted foliar nutrient balance, and changes in soil biota and understory vegetation community structure may have negatively affected tree growth in intensively fertilized treatment plots.

Foliar nutrient status and fascicle weight of lodgepole pine after nitrogen and sulphur fertilization in the interior of British Columbia

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Brockley ◽  
F.J. Sheran
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sulphur Concentration ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Nitrogen Additions

The effects of nitrogen and nitrogen + sulphur fertilization on the first-year fascicle weight and foliar nutrient status of immature, thinned lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) were evaluated at seven locations in the interior of British Columbia. The results indicate that sulphur deficiencies, either aggravated or induced by nitrogen fertilization, may limit the responsiveness of lodgepole pine to nitrogen additions. At four locations, combined sulphur and nitrogen additions improved the sulphur status of fertilized trees and significantly increased the weight of fascicles produced during the first year after treatment compared with that achieved with nitrogen alone. Ammonium sulphate was a superior sulphur source compared with elemental sulphur–sodium bentonite prills and also was readily taken up by trees. The oxidation of the elemental sulphur prills was apparently too slow to satisfy sulphur requirements in the first year. Increasing the sulphur application rate from 50 to 100 kg/ha generally gave only small improvements in first-year fascicle weight response despite a significant improvement in foliar sulphur concentration and content. The responsiveness to sulphur fertilization was not consistent across all sites. Further characterization of sites that are responsive and unresponsive to sulphur additions is needed to more accurately diagnose sulphur deficiencies and predict responsiveness to sulphur additions.

scholarly journals Effect of Mosses on physical and chemical properties of soil in temperate forests of Garhwal Himalayas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Anshu Siwach ◽  
Siddhartha Kaushal ◽  
Ratul Baishya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Garhwal Himalayas ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Mosses are one of the most important and dominant plant communities, especially in the temperate biome, and play a significant role in ecosystem function and dynamics. They influence the water, energy and element cycle due to their unique ecology and physiology. The present study was undertaken in three different temperate forest sites in the Garhwal Himalayas, viz., Triyuginarayan (Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS)), Chakrata, and Kanasar forest range. The study was focused on understanding the influence of mosses on soil physical properties and nutrient availability. Different physico-chemical properties were analysed under two different substrata, that is, with and without moss cover in two different seasons, viz., monsoon and winter. We observed mosses to influence and alter the physical properties and nutrient status of soil in both seasons. All soil physical and chemical properties, except magnesium, showed significant difference within the substrates, among all the sites and across the two seasons. Besides the soil characteristics underneath the moss vegetation, the study also highlights the diversity of mosses found in the area. Mosses appear to create high nutrient microsites via a high rate of organic matter accumulation and retain nutrients for longer periods thus, maintaining ecosystem stability.

A New Method of Producing Carbon Anode by High-Temperature Mould Pressing

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 611-616
Author(s):  
Yao Wu Wang ◽  
Nai Xiang Feng ◽  
Jing You
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
New Method ◽  
Carbon Anode ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Industrial Carbon ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Carbon Anodes

Laboratory-scale carbon anodes were produced by a new method of high-temperature mould pressing, and their physico-chemical properties were studied in laboratory. The results showed that the bulk density of carbon anodes produced by high-temperature mould pressing are 1.61-1.63g/cm3, they are higher than industrial carbon anode by 0.06 g/cm3, but the specific electrical resistance is higher and crushing strength is lower.

scholarly journals Spore Dispersal by Dothistroma septosporum in Northwest British Columbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennedy Boateng ◽  
Kathy J. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Spore Dispersal ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Inoculum Sources ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Dothistroma Septosporum ◽  
Needle Blight

We studied spore dispersal by Dothistroma septosporum, causal agent of a serious outbreak of red band needle blight in lodgepole pine plantations in northwest British Columbia. Spore abundance was assessed at different distances and heights from inoculum sources and microclimatic factors were recorded during two consecutive years. Conidia were observed on spore traps from June to September during periods of rainfall. It was rare to detect spores more than 2 m away from inoculum sources. The timing and number of conidia dispersed were strongly tied to the climatic variables, particularly rainfall and leaf wetness. Should the trend toward increased spring and summer precipitation in the study area continue, the results suggest that disease spread and intensification will also increase. Increasing the planting distances between lodgepole pine trees through mixed species plantations and overall reduction in use of lodgepole pine for regeneration in wet areas are the best strategies to reduce the spread of the disease and enhance future productivity of plantations in the study area.

scholarly journals Identifying and Characterizing Important Trembling Aspen Competitors with Juvenile Lodgepole Pine in Three South-Central British Columbia Ecosystems

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Teresa A. Newsome ◽  
Jean L. Heineman ◽  
Amanda F. Linnell Nemec
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Relative Height ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Ecosystem Productivity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Critical Height ◽  
South Central

Critical height ratios for predicting competition between trembling aspen and lodgepole pine were identified in six juvenile stands in three south-central British Columbia ecosystems. We used a series of regression analyses predicting pine stem diameter from the density of neighbouring aspen in successively shorter relative height classes to identify the aspen-pine height ratio that maximizedR2. Critical height ratios varied widely among sites when stands were 8–12 years old but, by age 14–19, had converged at 1.25–1.5. MaximumR2values at age 14–19 ranged from 13.4% to 69.8%, demonstrating that the importance of aspen competition varied widely across a relatively small geographic range. Logistic regression also indicated that the risk of poor pine vigour in the presence of aspen varied between sites. Generally, the degree of competition, risk to pine vigour, and size of individual aspen contributing to the models declined along a gradient of decreasing ecosystem productivity.

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