scholarly journals A New Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Selenium in Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Preparations after Preconcentration with Cloud Point Extraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hosein Soruraddin ◽  
Rouhollah Heydari ◽  
Morteza Puladvand ◽  
Mir Mehdi Zahedi
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Samples ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Replicate Measurements ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Preconcentration Method

A simple, rapid, and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of selenium (IV) was described. In this method, all selenium spices reduced to selenium (IV) using 6 M HCl. Cloud point extraction was applied as a preconcentration method for spectrophotometric determination of selenium (IV) in aqueous solution. The proposed method is based on the complexation of Selenium (IV) with dithizone at pH < 1 in micellar medium (Triton X-100). After complexation with dithizone, the analyte was quantitatively extracted to the surfactant-rich phase by centrifugation and diluted to 5 mL with methanol. Since the absorption maxima of the complex (424 nm) and dithizone (434 nm) overlap, hence, the corrected absorbance, Acorr, was used to overcome the problem. With regard to the preconcentration, the tested parameters were the pH of the extraction, the concentration of the surfactant, the concentration of dithizone, and equilibration temperature and time. The detection limit is 4.4 ng mL-1; the relative standard deviation for six replicate measurements is 2.18% for 50 ng mL-1of selenium. The procedure was applied successfully to the determination of selenium in two kinds of pharmaceutical samples.

scholarly journals Surfactant Cloud Point Extraction as a Procedure of Preconcentrating for Metoclopramide Determination Using Spectro Analytical Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 0057
Author(s):  
Maha Al-Tameemi
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Selective Method ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Preconcentration Method

In current article an easy and selective method is proposed for spectrophotometric estimation of metoclopramide (MCP) in pharmaceutical preparations using cloud point extraction (CPE) procedure. The method involved reaction between MCP with 1-Naphthol in alkali conditions using Triton X-114 to form a stable dark purple dye. The Beer’s law limit in the range 0.34-9 μg mL-1 of MCP with r =0.9959 (n=3) after optimization. The relative standard deviation (RSD) and percentage recoveries were 0.89 %, and (96.99–104.11%) respectively. As well, using surfactant cloud point extraction as a method to extract MCP was reinforced the extinction coefficient(ε) to 1.7333×105L/mol.cm in surfactant-rich phase. The small volume of organic solvent (500mL/sample) provides an environmentally friendly and low-cost preconcentration method. The suggested method was utilized for analyzing of MCP in commercial pharmaceutical injections.

Cloud Point Extraction and Spectrophotometry Determination of Lead in Environment Water Using 5-Br-PADAP

2013 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 345-348
Author(s):  
Lin Gao ◽  
Sheng Jie Chen ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Wen Hong Zhou ◽  
Jun Long Yao
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Optimized Conditions

A simple, sensitive, green and low cost detection method based on the cloud point extraction (CPE) separation and spectrophotometry was proposed for the determination of lead. In pH=9.0 H3BO3 buffer solution, Pb(II) reacts with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (5-Br-PADAP) in the presence of Triton X-100 yielding a hydrophobic complex, which then is extracted into micro-volume surfactant-rich phase. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 20-400 µg/L (at 560 nm). Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of 10.94 µg/L and the relative standard deviations(RSD) of 2.0% (n=5) for Lead(II) were found, respectively. The sensitivity and absorbance of this method are at least five times higher when compared with that of usual 5-Br-PADAP spectrophotometry without CPE, and the proposed method has been applied to the determination of Lead in environment water samples with satisfactory results.

Cloud Point Extraction-Fluorimetric Combined Methodology for the Determination of Magnolol

2013 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Xia Shi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Cloud Point ◽  
Relative Standard Deviation ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Triton X

A new Triton X-114 cloud point extraction combined with fluorometry method for analysis of magnolol in drug samples was developed. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 2.0-150.0ng/mL of magnolol in the initial solution with r = 0.9998. Detection limit (DL) was 0.03ng/mL (S/N=3) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) for 20.0ng/mL of magnolol was 2.79%(n=11). The method was successfully applied for the determination of magnolol in drug samples with satisfactory results.

Cloud point extraction of disulfiram for its HPLC-MS/MS determination in synthetic urine

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr O. Doroschuk ◽  
Anastasiya B. Grogul ◽  
Yevhen S. Mandzyuk ◽  
Oksana G. Makukha ◽  
Nataliya O. Grytsyk
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Synthetic Urine ◽  
Ph Influence ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Preconcentration Method ◽  
Extraction Preconcentration

AbstractA new simple cloud point extraction/preconcentration method was developed for the HPLC-MS/MS determination of disulfiram in synthetic urine. Some parameters with an effect on the extraction, such as the concentration of Triton X-114, pH influence, incubation time, equilibration temperature and centrifuging parameters, were studied and optimised. The method proposed for the HPLC-MS/MS determination of disulfiram in synthetic urine with preliminary cloud point extraction was validated. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.025-15.4 ng mL

scholarly journals Optimisation and Evaluation of Zinc in Food Samples by Cloud Point Extraction and Spectrophotometric Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Azwa Mohd Azizi ◽  
Nurul Yani Rahim ◽  
Muggundha Raoov Ramachandran ◽  
Saliza Asman
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Complexation Reaction ◽  
Canned Food ◽  
Spectrophotometric Detection ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Triton X

The cloud point extraction (CPE) method was developed to determine the zinc prior to Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry detection. Triton X-100 was applied as extractant based on the complexation reaction of Zn(II) ions with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Under optimal conditions, the CPE was used to determine the concentration of zinc in canned food samples. The amounts of zinc found in the food samples were in the range of 0.005-0.007 mg/L with relative standard deviation (RSD) of < 8 %. This confirmed that the proposed CPE method is suitable for the determination of zinc in food samples, indicating the concentration of zinc was within the permissible limit.

scholarly journals ECO-FRIENDLY CLOUD POINT EXTRACTION COUPLED WITH A SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF RANITIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL SAMPLES

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 628-639
Author(s):  
Ihsan Mahdi SHAHEED ◽  
Raghad Saad HATAM ◽  
Ahmed F. KUDHAIR ◽  
Noor Jamal MOHAMMED
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Confidence Limit ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Samples ◽  
Ranitidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Tablet Dosage

The simple, rapid, economical, and environmentally friendly method was developed for spectrophotometric determination of ranitidine hydrochloride (R-HCl) in pharmaceutical samples after extraction by the cloud point method. The method based on the reduction of Fe(III) by ranitidine hydrochloride to Fe(II), which subsequently reacted with ferricyanide to form colored products at (pH 4.0), then Triton X–114 surfactant was used as an extractant for ranitidine hydrochloride. The linearity of the calibration curve was maintained from concentrations between 0.5–60.0 μg/mL at the maximum absorption 693 nm. Factors required for reaction conditions including pH, FeCl3, and K3[Fe(CN)6] concentration, the volume of surfactant, temperature, time, and order of addition were investigated. Regression analysis indicates that the correlation coefficient was 0.9998 and the molar absorptivity was 0.46x104 L/mol.cm. Detection and quantification limits were 0.475 and 1.567 μg/mL, respectively. The confidence limit of slope and the confidence limit of the intercept at 95% were 0.0147 ± 0.00015 and 0.0642 ± 0.01033. Sandell`s sensitivity was also calculated and it was found 0.0680 μg/cm2. The preconcentration factor was 50.0%. Validation studies for three different concentrations (5.0, 10.0 and 30.0) μg/mL of ranitidine hydrochloride gave relative standard deviations between 0.142–0.728 and the percentage recoveries ranged from 98.780 ± 0.719 – 99.840 ± 0.142. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of ranitidine hydrochloride in some of its pharmaceutical products with recovery between 99.108–99.808 and RSD% between 0.012–0.031. The results obtained from the proposed method make it suitable to use in the determination of ranitidine hydrochloride in its bulk and tablet dosage form.

Determination of the Isoflavone Genistein in Soybeans by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Following Cloud Point Extraction

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mirzaei ◽  
Atieh Karimi Naeini ◽  
Mansoureh Behzadi
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Uv Detector ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Replicate Measurements

Abstract A simple and sensitive method has been developed for preconcentration and determination of genistein in soybeans. This method is based on cloud point extraction (CPE) of genistein from soybeans using ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether (Genapol X-080) as a nonionic surfactant. The concentration of extracted genistein was determined by HPLC with a UV detector. Optimum experimental conditions were established. With 5% Genapol X-080 (v/v), a liquid/solid ratio of 25:1 mL/g, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction at 40°C for 45 min, the extraction percentage of genistein reached its highest value. The preconcentration factor for genistein was about 16.5. The RSD for seven replicate measurements and the LOD were ±4.45% and 15.0 ng/mL, respectively. CPE is simple, inexpensive, and suitable for extraction of genistein from soybean. It uses environmentally friendly surfactants and offers a convenient alternative to more conventional extraction systems.

Determination of scandium in monazite and environmental samples using cloud point extraction coupled with a spectrophotometric technique

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (77) ◽  
pp. 73797-73804
Author(s):  
Alaa S. Amin ◽  
Mohammed A. Kassem ◽  
Sayed M. N. Moalla
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Triton X

Effect of 5.0% Triton X-100 on the complexation of 40 ng mL−1 Sc(iii) with ATAP.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Application of a New Thiazolylazo Reagent for Cloud Point Extraction and Determination of Cobalt in Pharmaceutical Preparations

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 1304-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Terumi Yamaki ◽  
Luana Sena Nunes ◽  
Hygor Rodrigues De Oliveira ◽  
André S Araújo ◽  
Marcos Almeida Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Preconcentration Procedure ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

Abstract The synthesis and characterization of the reagent 2-(5-bromothiazolylazo)-4-chlorophenol and its application in the development of a preconcentration procedure for cobalt determination using flame atomic absorption spectrometry after cloud point extraction is presented. This procedure is based on cobalt complexing and entrapment of the metal chelates into micelles of a surfactant-rich phase of Triton X-114. The preconcentration procedure was optimized by using a response surface methodology through the application of the Box-Behnken matrix. Under optimum conditions, the procedure determined the presence of cobalt with an LOD of 2.8 μg/L and LOQ of 9.3 μg/L. The enrichment factor obtained was 25. The precision was evaluated as the RSD, which was 5.5% for 10 μg/L cobalt and 6.9% for 30 μg/L. The accuracy of the procedure was assessed by comparing the results with those found using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. After validation, the procedure was applied to the determination of cobalt in pharmaceutical preparation samples containing cobalamin (vitamin B12).

scholarly journals Development of a Cloud-Point Extraction Method for Cobalt Determination in Natural Water Samples

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Jamali ◽  
Mohammad Gholinezhad ◽  
Saiedeh Balarostaghi ◽  
Reyhaneh Rahnama ◽  
Seyed Hojjat Allah Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Point ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Cloud Point Extraction ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Separation And Preconcentration ◽  
Triton X

A new, simple, and versatile cloud-point extraction (CPE) methodology has been developed for the separation and preconcentration of cobalt. The cobalt ions in the initial aqueous solution were complexed with 4-Benzylpiperidinedithiocarbamate, and Triton X-114 was added as surfactant. Dilution of the surfactant-rich phase with acidified ethanol was performed after phase separation, and the cobalt content was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The main factors affecting CPE procedure, such as pH, concentration of ligand, amount of Triton X-114, equilibrium temperature, and incubation time were investigated and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) for cobalt was 0.5 μg L-1, with sensitivity enhancement factor (EF) of 67. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 2–150 μg L-1, and relative standard deviation was 3.2% (c=100 μg L-1;n=10). The proposed method was applied to the determination of trace cobalt in real water samples with satisfactory analytical results.

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