scholarly journals Comparison of Different Forms for the “Spin” and “Orbital” Components of the Angular Momentum of Light

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Inertial Frame ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics

We compare three attempts that have been made to decompose the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field into components of an “orbital” and “spin” nature. All three expressions are different, and there seems to be no reason to prefer one to another. It appears, on the basis of classical electrodynamics, that there is no unique way of decomposing the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field into orbital and spin components, even in a fixed inertial frame.

Classical electrodynamics of spinning particles

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 943-947
Author(s):  
Bruce Hoeneisen
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Wave Equations ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Radiation Reaction ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Electric Dipole Moments ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Intrinsic Angular Momentum

We consider particles with mass, charge, intrinsic magnetic and electric dipole moments, and intrinsic angular momentum in interaction with a classical electromagnetic field. From this action we derive the equations of motion of the position and intrinsic angular momentum of the particle including the radiation reaction, the wave equations of the fields, the current density, and the energy-momentum and angular momentum of the system. The theory is covariant with respect to the general Lorentz group, is gauge invariant, and contains no divergent integrals.

THE ANGULAR MOMENTUM OF THE ELECTRON IN CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS

1950 ◽  
Vol 28a (3) ◽  
pp. 336-338
Author(s):  
F. A. Kaempffer
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Rest Mass ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
G Factor ◽  
The Law

It is shown that not only the rest-mass of the electron but its spin as well is carried by the surrounding electromagnetic field. The ratio of magnetic moment and angular momentum (g-factor) of the electron is determined. The law of conservation of angular momentum is checked.

scholarly journals CASIMIR ENERGY OF A DILUTE DIELECTRIC BALL AT ZERO AND FINITE TEMPERATURE

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 790-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. NESTERENKO ◽  
G. LAMBIASE ◽  
G. SCARPETTA
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Finite Temperature ◽  
Bessel Functions ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Casimir Energy ◽  
Addition Theorem ◽  
Temperature Expansion

The basic results in calculations of the thermodynamic functions of electromagnetic field in the background of a dilute dielectric ball at zero and finite temperature are presented. Summation over the angular momentum values is accomplished in a closed form by making use of the addition theorem for the relevant Bessel functions. The behavior of the thermodynamic characteristics in the low and high temperature limits is investigated. The T3-term in the low temperature expansion of the free energy is recovered (this term has been lost in our previous calculations).

Electromagnetism and special relativity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pierrus
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Special Relativity ◽  
Point Charge ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Covariant Form ◽  
Field Tensor ◽  
Electromagnetic Field Tensor ◽  
Preferred Reference Frame ◽  
Physical Quantities

In 1905, when Einstein published his theory of special relativity, Maxwell’s work was already about forty years old. It is therefore both remarkable and ironic (recalling the old arguments about the aether being the ‘preferred’ reference frame for describing wave propagation) that classical electrodynamics turned out to be a relativistically correct theory. In this chapter, a range of questions in electromagnetism are considered as they relate to special relativity. In Questions 12.1–12.4 the behaviour of various physical quantities under Lorentz transformation is considered. This leads to the important concept of an invariant. Several of these are encountered, and used frequently throughout this chapter. Other topics considered include the transformationof E- and B-fields between inertial reference frames, the validity of Gauss’s law for an arbitrarily moving point charge (demonstrated numerically), the electromagnetic field tensor, Maxwell’s equations in covariant form and Larmor’s formula for a relativistic charge.

Quantum vacuum torque on a bi-anisotropic absorbing magneto-dielectric cylindrical shell co-axis with a perfectly conductor cylindrical shell

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (26) ◽  
pp. 1950149
Author(s):  
Marzieh Hossein Zadeh ◽  
Majid Amooshahi
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Canonical Quantization ◽  
Vacuum State ◽  
Quantum Vacuum ◽  
Ladder Operators ◽  
Quantized Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Series Technique

A fully canonical quantization of electromagnetic field in the presence of a bi-anisotropic absorbing magneto-dielectric cylindrical shell is provided. The mode expansions of the dynamical quantum fields, contained in the theory, is achieved and the ladder operators of the system are introduced. Using the Frobenius’s series technique, the Maxwell’s equations in the presence of the bi-anisotropic absorbing magneto-dielectric cylindrical shell are solved and the space–time dependence of the quantized electromagnetic field is obtained. Applying the conservation principle of the angular momentum, the net quantum vacuum torque exerted on the bi-anisotropic absorbing magneto-dielectric cylindrical shell is calculated. The net quantum vacuum torque exerted on the cylindrical shell is calculated in the vacuum state and the thermal state of the system. The quantum vacuum torque on the cylindrical shell identically vanishes when the bi-anisotropic absorbing magneto-dielectric cylindrical shell is converted to an isotropic one.

Classical electrodynamics: the equation of motion

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Charged Particle ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
World Line ◽  
External Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
The Self ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
The World

In this paper we derive the Lorentz-Dirac equation of motion for a charged particle moving in an external electromagnetic field. We use Maxwell's electromagnetic field equations together with the assumptions (1) that all fields are retarded and (2) that the 4-force acting on the charged particle is a Lorentz 4-force. To define the self-field on the world-line of the charge we utilize a contour integral representation for the field due to A. W. Conway. This by-passes the need to define an ‘average field’. In an appendix the case of a scalar field is briefly discussed.

A Proposed Experiment of Direct Detecting of the Vector Potential within Classical Electrodynamics

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 531-540
Author(s):  
V. Onoochin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Charged Particle ◽  
Vector Potential ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Classical Electrodynamics ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Ultra Short Pulse ◽  
The Magnetic Field

An experiment within the framework of classical electrodynamics is proposed, to demonstrate Boyer's suggestion of a change in the velocity of a charged particle as it passes close to a solenoid. The moving charge is replaced by an ultra-short pulse (USP), whose characteristics should depend on the current in the coil. This dependence results from the exchange of energy between the electromagnetic field of the pulse and the magnetic field within the solenoid. This energy exchange could only be explained, by assuming that the vector potential of the solenoid has a direct influence on the pulse.

AN ACTION PRINCIPLE FOR MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2241-2251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Calkin
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Vector Potential ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Action Principle ◽  
Invariance Properties ◽  
Conservation Of Momentum

The equations of motion of an inviscid, infinitely conducting fluid in an electromagnetic field are transformed into a form suitable for an action principle. An action principle from which these equations may be derived is found. The conservation laws follow from invariance properties of the action. The space–time invariances lead to the conservation of momentum, energy, angular momentum, and center of mass, while the gauge invariances lead to conservation of mass, a generalization of the Helmholtz vortex theorem of hydrodyanmics, and the conservation of the volume integrals of A∙B and v∙B, where A is the vector potential, B is the magnetic induction, and v is the fluid velocity.

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