scholarly journals Chemiluminescent Nanomicelles for Imaging Hydrogen Peroxide and Self-Therapy in Photodynamic Therapy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Chen ◽  
Luzhong Zhang ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Signal Molecule

Hydrogen peroxide is a signal molecule of the tumor, and its overproduction makes a higher concentration in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue. Based on the fact that peroxalates can make chemiluminescence with a high efficiency in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, we developed nanomicelles composed of peroxalate ester oligomers and fluorescent dyes, called peroxalate nanomicelles (POMs), which could image hydrogen peroxide with high sensitivity and stability. The potential application of the POMs in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer was also investigated. It was found that the PDT-drug-loaded POMs were sensitive to hydrogen peroxide, and the PDT drug could be stimulated by the chemiluminescence from the reaction between POMs and hydrogen peroxide, which carried on a self-therapy of the tumor without the additional laser light resource.

APPLICATION OF PIXE TO CANCER RESEARCH

1992 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUIYING YAO ◽  
XIANZHOU ZENG ◽  
JIYAO CHEN ◽  
WEN CHEN ◽  
HUAIXIN CAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Photodynamic Effect ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Local Destruction

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach to the local destruction of malignant tumours. This method is based on the partially selective retension in tumor tissue of the photosensitizers which have photodynamic effect. It is important for PDT to determine the photosentizer concentration in tumor and in normal tissue. We quantitatively analysed the concentration of the metallic phthalocyanines, a class of photosensitizers now recognized as “second generation” PDT drugs and studied its action in different time by PIXE technique. The paper shows also the correlation between trace elements and cancer.

Highly dispersed Mo-doped graphite carbon nitride: potential application as oxidation catalyst with hydrogen peroxide

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 5720-5727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo A. F. Gonçalves ◽  
Raquel P. R. Alvim ◽  
Hudson A. Bicalho ◽  
Anderson M. Peres ◽  
Ildefonso Binatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Selective Oxidation ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Highly Dispersed

A novel Mo-doped g-C3N4 catalyst exhibits high efficiency for selective oxidation of organic substrates with H2O2 or TBHP.

Trends in Diagnosis for Active Tuberculosis Using Nanomaterials

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1946-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Minh Tu Phan ◽  
Lemma Teshome Tufa ◽  
Hwa-Jung Kim ◽  
Jaebeom Lee ◽  
Tae Jung Park
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

Background:Tuberculosis (TB), one of the leading causes of death worldwide, is difficult to diagnose based only on signs and symptoms. Methods for TB detection are continuously being researched to design novel effective clinical tools for the diagnosis of TB.Objective:This article reviews the methods to diagnose TB at the latent and active stages and to recognize prospective TB diagnostic methods based on nanomaterials.Methods:The current methods for TB diagnosis were reviewed by evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the trends in TB detection using nanomaterials were discussed regarding their performance capacity for clinical diagnostic applications.Results:Current methods such as microscopy, culture, and tuberculin skin test are still being employed to diagnose TB, however, a highly sensitive point of care tool without false results is still needed. The utilization of nanomaterials to detect the specific TB biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity can provide a possible strategy to rapidly diagnose TB. Although it is challenging for nanodiagnostic platforms to be assessed in clinical trials, active TB diagnosis using nanomaterials is highly expected to achieve clinical significance for regular application. In addition, aspects and future directions in developing the high-efficiency tools to diagnose active TB using advanced nanomaterials are expounded.Conclusion:This review suggests that nanomaterials have high potential as rapid, costeffective tools to enhance the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for the accurate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of TB. Hence, portable nanobiosensors can be alternative effective tests to be exploited globally after clinical trial execution.

A Novel Method for Microsatellite Instability Detection by Liquid Biopsy Based on Next- Generation Sequencing

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Jiang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Siwen Zhang ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Weitao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Technology ◽  
Medication Selection ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a prognostic biomarker used to guide medication selection in multiple cancers, such as colorectal cancer. Traditional PCR with capillary electrophoresis and next-generation sequencing using paired tumor tissue and leukocyte samples are the main approaches for MSI detection due to their high sensitivity and specificity. Currently, patient tissue samples are obtained through puncture or surgery, which causes injury and risk of concurrent disease, further illustrating the need for MSI detection by liquid biopsy. Methods: We propose an analytic method using paired plasma/leukocyte samples and MSI detection using next-generation sequencing technology. Based on the theoretical progress of oncogenesis, we hypothesized that the microsatellite site length in plasma equals the combination of the distribution of tumor tissue and leukocytes. Thus, we defined a window-judgement method to identify whether biomarkers were stable. Results: Compared to traditional PCR as the standard, we evaluated three methods in 20 samples (MSI-H:3/MSS:17): peak shifting method using tissue vs. leukocytes, peak shifting method using plasma vs. leukocytes, and our method using plasma vs. leukocytes. Compared to traditional PCR, we observed a sensitivity of 100%, 0%, and 100%, and a specificity of 100.00%, 94.12%, and 88.24%, respectively. Conclusion: Our method has the advantage of possibly detecting MSI in a liquid biopsy and provides a novel direction for future studies to increase the specificity of the method.

scholarly journals Search for Promising Strains of Probiotic Microbiota Isolated from Different Biotopes of Healthy Cats for Use in the Control of Surgical Infections

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Pavel Rudenko ◽  
Yuriy Vatnikov ◽  
Nadezhda Sachivkina ◽  
Andrei Rudenko ◽  
Evgeny Kulikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Surgical Infection ◽  
Surgical Infections ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Despite the introduction of modern methods of treatment, the creation of new generations of antibacterial agents, and the constant improvement of aseptic and antiseptic methods, the treatment of purulent–inflammatory processes remains one of the most complex and urgent problems in veterinary practice. The article presents the results of the isolation of indigenous microbiota from various biotopes of healthy cats, as well as the study of their biological marker properties for the selection of the most optimal strains in probiotic medicines for the control of surgical infections. It was demonstrated that isolated cultures of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, which we isolated, revealed high sensitivity to antibiotics of the β-lactam group (excepting L. acidophilus No. 24, L. plantarum “Victoria” No. 22, L. rhamnosus No. 5, L. rhamnosus No. 20, and L. rhamnosus No. 26, which showed a significant variability in sensitivity to antibacterial drugs of this group, indicating the great potential of these microorganisms) and resistance to aminoglycosides, lincosamides, and fluoroquinolones (with the exception of gatifloxacin, which showed high efficiency in relation to all lactic acid microorganisms). The adhesive properties of the isolated lactobacteria and bifidobacteria were variable, even within the same species. It was found that the B. adolescentis No. 23 strain of the Bifidobacterium genus, as well as the L. plantarum No. 8, L. plantarum “Victoria” No. 22, L. rhamnosus No. 6, L. rhamnosus No. 26, L. acidophilus No. 12, and L. acidophilus No. 24 strains of the Lactobacillus genus had the highest adhesive activity. Thus, when conducting a detailed analysis of the biological marker properties of candidate cultures (determining their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents, studying the adhesive properties, and antagonistic activity in relation to causative agents of surgical infection in cats), it was found that the most promising are L. plantarum “Victoria” No. 22, L. rhamnosus No. 26, and L. acidophilus No. 24.

scholarly journals Kinetic resolution of indolines by asymmetric hydroxylamine formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Ran Lu ◽  
Chuangchuang He ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Kinetic Resolution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Secondary Amines

AbstractCatalytic kinetic resolution of amines represents a longstanding challenge in chemical synthesis. Here, we described a kinetic resolution of secondary amines through oxygenation to produce enantiopure hydroxylamines involving N–O bond formation. The economic and practical titanium-catalyzed asymmetric oxygenation with environmentally benign hydrogen peroxide as oxidant is applicable to a range of racemic indolines with multiple stereocenters and diverse substituent patterns in high efficiency with efficient chemoselectivity and enantio-discrimination. Late-stage asymmetric oxygenation of bioactive molecules that are otherwise difficult to synthesize was also explored.

Remote, Long-Pathlength Cell for High-Sensitivity Raman Spectroscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Schwab ◽  
Richard L. McCreery
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sample Tube ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Sampling Systems ◽  
Power Densities ◽  
Objective Being ◽  
Focused Beam

Fiber optics were used to interface a Raman spectrometer to a long (1 m) sample tube, with the objective being increased sensitivity. Internal reflection of the laser light and the Raman scatter within the sample tube permitted a long solution length to be sampled, increasing the Raman sensitivity by factors of 30–50 over conventional capillary tube sampling systems. In addition, the sample was subjected to much lower power densities than with systems employing a focused beam, thus minimizing radiation damage. Detection limits of 10−9 to 10−8 M were achieved for resonance Raman scatterers, and normal Raman scatterers could be detected at the 1 × 10−5 M level.

A covalently cross-linked reduced functionalized graphene oxide/polyurethane composite based on Diels–Alder chemistry and its potential application in healable flexible electronics

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Li ◽  
Guoping Zhang ◽  
Rong Sun ◽  
Ching-Ping Wong
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polyurethane Composite

A novel composite of reduced functionalized graphene oxide/polyurethane based on Diels–Alder chemistry was developed which could be healed microwaves with high efficiency and applied in healable flexible electronics.

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